遺伝学雑誌
Online ISSN : 1880-5787
Print ISSN : 0021-504X
ISSN-L : 0021-504X
55 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1~9を表示しています
  • B. K. SINGH, J. P. GUPTA
    1980 年 55 巻 2 号 p. 81-90
    発行日: 1980年
    公開日: 2007/05/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    Drosophila jambulina is a new species belonging to the montium subgroup of the melanogaster species group of the subgenus Sophophora. It is one of the commonest and most widespread species in India. A map of its salivary gland chromosomes has been constructed and some identifiable landmarks in each arm of the chromosome are recognized. Analysis of population samples from eight different geographical localities has yielded five different autosomal inversions, all confined to the right arm of 3rd chromosome only. However, irradiation study has shown that the distribution of induced rearrangements is more or less at random throughout the chromosomes in this species.
  • II. ANALYSIS OF NATURAL POPULATION
    TSUGUHIKO TAKAMURA
    1980 年 55 巻 2 号 p. 91-97
    発行日: 1980年
    公開日: 2007/05/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    Two experiments were performed on the choice of oviposition site by using isofemale lines of D. melanogaster isolated from natural populations. Forty isofemale lines from Katsunuma and Sapporo were examined for their oviposition sites; either soft surface of medium or hard surface of paper which was stuck into the medium. Significant difference in the proportion of eggs laid on the paper was detected among lines of both localities. The result of the first experiment indicated that there is a large amount of genetic variation in natural populations of D. melanogaster. In the second experiment the oviposition site of two lines, which hatched from eggs collected on seeds and sacs in squeezed draff of grapes in a winary in Katsunuma, was compared. The line collected from seeds laid significantly larger proportion of eggs on the paper than the line collected from sacs. This result indicates that the flies actually choose the oviposition sites in natural fields according to their genetic variations.
  • HATAO KATO, MASASHI HARADA, KIMIYUKI TSUCHIYA, KAZUO MORIWAKI
    1980 年 55 巻 2 号 p. 99-108
    発行日: 1980年
    公開日: 2007/05/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The amounts of unscheduled DNA synthesis in fibroblasts originating from 34 species in 11 orders of mammals, after 10Jm-2 UV irradiation, were assayed by autoradiography. Genome size of the species was determined by cytophotometric measurements of DNA contents of the cultured cells and the ability of unscheduled DNA synthesis per unit amount of DNA was computed. There was no correlation between repair potentials and life span, denying the presence of the correlation suggested by Hart and Setlow on 7 species.
  • AKINORI UCHINO
    1980 年 55 巻 2 号 p. 109-120
    発行日: 1980年
    公開日: 2007/05/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The tetraploid Trillium apetalon Makino (2n=20, SSUU) and the hexaploid T. smallii Maximowicz (2n=30, K2K2SSUU) were found growing associated at two localities, Muroran (Mr) and Hakodate (Hk) in Hokkaido, Japan. Using patterns of H-segments in cold treated chromosomes, analysis of chromosomal variations in both the species and of cytogenetic relationships between both the species was carried out.
    In the patterns of H-segments, two of the three pairs of homologous chromosomes in each of chromosomes A to E of T. smallii were identical to those in co-existing T. apetalon which was composed of homoeologous pairs (combinations of two homologous pairs) of the indivisible genome complex SU. The remaining one pair of homologous chromosomes was that of the chromosomally polymorphic genome K1 in T. kamtschaticum Pallas (2n=10, K1K1) rather than the genome K2 in T. tschonoskii Maximowicz (2n=20, K2K2TT). Most of the chromosome types due to the patterns of H-segments of the genome complex SU found in T. smallii were also contained in T. apetalon. In addition, variation of chromosomes in the complex SU was smaller in the former species than in the latter species. Therefore, most of the chromosome types in the complex SU in T. smallii are those derived from T. apetalon. Both species from Muroran were very similar with respect to chromosome types and frequencies of the types in the complex SU. Both species from Hakodate shared the same types of chromosome A, A5 and A6, which were restricted to Hakodate and had attained fixation. It is highly probable that T. smallii in these localities has been present there since its origin by hybridization between progenitor forms of present T. kamtschaticum and T. apetalon.
  • FUMIO TAKAIWA, NAOKI TOHDOH, MASAHIRO SUGIURA
    1980 年 55 巻 2 号 p. 121-125
    発行日: 1980年
    公開日: 2007/05/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    A 0.9×106 dalton EcoRI fragment of tobacco chloroplast DNA has been cloned in E. coli plasmid pMB9. This fragment contains the chloroplast 4.5S and 5S ribosomal RNA genes. A physical map of the recombinant plasmid was constructed by cleavage with several restriction endonucleases and Southern hybridization with 32P-labeled 4.5S and 5S RNAs.
  • MAKOTO MUROFUSHI, SIN OIKAWA, SHOHEI NISHIKAWA, TOSIHIDE H. YOSIDA
    1980 年 55 巻 2 号 p. 127-131
    発行日: 1980年
    公開日: 2007/05/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The chromosome number of the female filefish, Stephanolepis cirrhifer, was thirty-four (2n=34), all of which were acrocentrics. In the males of this species, however, the number was thirty-three (2n=33), among which one large metacentric chromosome was always included. Haploid chromosome numbers in the secondary spermatocytes showed n=16 and n=17. In the former cells, one large metacentric chromosome found in the somatic and germ cells seemed to be a Y element. Thus, the sex chromosome mechanism in this species is inferred to be a multiple system, namely X1X1X2X2 in the female and X1X2Y in the male.
  • SUMIKO GAMO, EIJI NAKASHIMA-TANAKA, MASAHIRO OGAKI
    1980 年 55 巻 2 号 p. 133-140
    発行日: 1980年
    公開日: 2007/05/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    An ether resistant (Eth-29) and a sensitive (bw; st; svn) strains were examined for their sensitivity to halothane. Adult flies of one day old were exposed to halothane for a given time and mortalities were assessed one day later. The Eth-29 strain was found to be more resistant to halothane than the bw; st; svn strain. It was unusual that the males of the Eth-29 strain showed more resistant than the females, although the situation was reversed in the bw; st; svn strain. Genetical analyses revealed that the resistance to halothane was an incompletely dominant trait, maternal effect was negligible and that the major gene(s) with respect to halothane resistance was located on the third chromosome and the minor genes were on the X and second chromosomes. It will be discussed whether the genetical basis of the halothane resistance differ from those of the ether and chloroform resistances reported previously.
  • SUMIKO GAMO, EIJI NAKASHIMA-TANAKA, MASAHIRO OGAKI
    1980 年 55 巻 2 号 p. 141-144
    発行日: 1980年
    公開日: 2007/05/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    Ether resistant strain (Eth-29) and one of the sensitive strains (bw; st; svn) which were assessed by mortalities, were used to determine median effective doses (ED50) of halothane and chloroform. It was demonstrated that the Eth-29 strain was resistant and the bw; st; svn strain was sensitive to both of halothane and chloroform anesthesia. Reciprocal crosses between the two strains suggested that the resistance to halothane anesthesia was a sex-linked recessive trait and that the resistance to chloroform anesthesia was an autosomal incompletely dominant or a polygenic trait. Maternal effects may not be negligible in both of the resistant traits.
  • EIJI NAKASHIMA-TANAKA, MASAHIRO OGAKI
    1980 年 55 巻 2 号 p. 145-147
    発行日: 1980年
    公開日: 2007/05/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    Reversal phenomenon of ether sensitivity between adult and embryonic stages was found in Drosophila melanogaster. The ether resistant Eth-29 strain was susceptible in the embryonic stage, and the ether sensitive bw; st ss strain was resistant in the embryonic stage. Maternal or cytoplasmic effect was negligible in the adult stage, but was observed in the embryonic stage.
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