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Volume 56 (1981)
- Issue 6 Pages 565-
- Issue 5 Pages 447-
- Issue 4 Pages 349-
- Issue 3 Pages 241-
- Issue 2 Pages 105-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 56, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Rattus norvegicusJunzo YAMADA, Hiroko NIKAIDO, Yasushi KONDO1981 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 447-455
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA polymorphism of RBC catalases was found by starch gel electrophresis among inbred strains of rats. The slow migrating banding pattern (CS-1B) is dominant over the fast migrating banding pattern (CS-1A) and in progeny made by backcrossing F1 hybrids with CS-1A type parental strain the two types segregated 1:1. The designation Cs-1 locus, with two alleles (Cs-Ia, Cs-1b), is tentatively proposed. The Cs-1 locus is not linked with the linkage group (LG) I, II, IV, V, VI, VIII and the LG containing Amy-1. The Cs-1b allele is distributed among several common inbred strains of rats derived from the so-called Wistar strain in Japan and its origin is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1011K) -
I. Activity variation among laboratory strainsTohru TEJIMA, Shigeru OHBA1981 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 457-468
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExtensive variation of amylase activity in adults and 3rd instar larvae was found among D. virilis strains homozygous for both AmyF allele and AmyS allele. The activity in adult is not correlated with that in larva, suggesting that the amylase activity is differently regulated between the two stages, although the same amylase locus is expressed. Cross experiments between the strain with the highest activity and the strain with the lowest activity reveal that amylase activity in adult is an additive character and that amylase activity co-segregates with amylase genotype. Electrophoretic zymogram of the F1 progeny and the mixture of the parents suggested that the genetic factors for amylase activity are probably not identical to the Amy and that they are likely to operate on the activity determination in a trans-active manner.View full abstractDownload PDF (1290K) -
Yasuo NAGATO, Koji YAMAMOTO, Hideki YAMASHITA1981 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 483-493
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the variation of DNA content in Asian rice; wild species, Oryza perennis, cultivated species, O. sativa, and the wild-cultivated intermediate Jeypore strains. DNA contents were estimated Feulgen microspectro-photometrically and chemically. In addition, nuclear volume was recorded which was known to correlate positively with DNA content. There existed strong correlations between the estimates obtained by the above three methods, showing a reliability of the present measurements.
In each species, considerably wide variation of DNA content was detected which was not due to random error of the measurements. Though variations among strains overlapped between O. perennis, Jeypore strains and O. sativa, they showed an evolutionary tendency. Oryza perennis strains generally had the higher DNA contents than O. sativa strains and the intermediate Jeypore strains had the intermediate values. Therefore, we consider that DNA content of Asian rice has decreased during evolution (domestication). In Asian rice, reduction of DNA content is parallel to the reduction of the globular period of embryo which means the decrease of developmental instability. The reductional nature of DNA content during evolution is also observed in the process of speciation of other species and as well in the evolution of monocotyledons at the order level. This suggests that many evolutionary changes in plants, if not all, are connected with the decrease of DNA content.View full abstractDownload PDF (441K) -
Yoshihiko FURUTA1981 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 495-504
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSixty two strains of Aegilops variabilis and 21 of Ae. kotschyi collected in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey were crossed with a common pollen parent (Ae, variabilis var. intermedia KU 13-3) and their F1′s were analysed with respect to chromosome pairing and pollen fertility. Chromosome pairing varied continuously from starin to strain. But, Ae. variabilis and Ae. Kotschyi were tentatively classified into two and three pairing types, respectively. Main factor of variation in chromosome structure of Ae. variabilis was found to be reciprocal translocation. Other factors in Intraspecific chromosome variation were also discussed. It is pointed out that Ae. kotschyi differs variously from Ae. variabilis.View full abstractDownload PDF (560K) -
Taeko SHIGENOBU, Sadao SAKAMOTO1981 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 505-517
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to obtain polyhaploids in the genus Agropyron by "the bulbosum method", nine species were pollinated by Hordeum bulbosum (4x). Among progenies obtained by embryo culture, six plants did not show the elimination of any chromosomes derived from H. bulbosum and were intergeneric hybrids between A. repens or three ecotypes of A. tsukushiense and H. bulbosum. Out of six hybrids obtained, two plants of A. tsukushiense EE-4 or ST-1× H. bulbosum (4x) (2n=34 or 2n=35) were examined morphologically and cytologically. These hybrids were shorter, but had numerous tillers. They were completely sterile. The spike morphology resembled the female parent rather than the intermediate between the parents. Several characteristics of the pollen parent were also observed in these hybrids. The average chromosome pairing per cell at MI of PMCS in A. tsukushiense EE-4 and ST-1×H. bulbosum hybrids was 2.8II+28.4I and 4.6II+25.8I, respectively. The loosely associated bivalent formation, a rare occurrence of the cells with more than seven bivalents, and the absence of multivalent association in these hybrids suggest a lack of segmental homology among the chromosome complements of three genomes of A. tsukushiense and two of H. bulbosum.The production of these intergeneric hybrids suggests that the genome balance hypothesis proposed in interspecific hybrids of Hordeum can not beapplicable to the intergeneric hybrids between Agropyron and H. bulbosum.View full abstractDownload PDF (1088K) -
Hirofumi HANADA, Susumu MURAMATSU1981 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 519-522
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCytogenetic examination was performed on a Japanese Black bull and his eight offsprings. Out of nine cattle examined, eight animals showed normal male karyotype with 60, XY. However, one offspring had a normal male cell line (60, XY) and a cell line characterized by the karyotype (61, XYY). The frequencies of cells with XY and XYY sex chromosome complements were 76.5% and 23.5%, respectively. This animal had a normal male conformation and no physical abnormalities were detected.View full abstractDownload PDF (346K) -
III. A third chromosome male-specific lethal mutantSatoko UCHIDA, Takahisa UENOYAMA, Kugao OISHI1981 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 523-527
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA recessive male-specific lethal mutant of Drosophila melanogaster is described. The mutant, mle(3) 132, which is the first to be described on the third chromosome, is located at 3-25.8. Homozygous males show delayed development and die during the larval stages. The mutant shows no interactions with sex-transformation mutants, tra-2, tra-2OTF, tra, or dsx: thus only single-X individuals are killed regardless of the phenotypic sex.View full abstractDownload PDF (229K) -
Junko NOGUCHI, Ryuso TANAKA1981 Volume 56 Issue 5 Pages 529-532
Published: 1981
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method of C-banding treatment after aceto-orcein squashing is reported. This method enables the observation of both C-banding patterns and the karyotypes by aceto-orcein squash technique in the same chromosome complement, so that to identify and discriminate precisely the individual chromosomes even though the shape of chromosomes is similar.View full abstractDownload PDF (411K)
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