遺伝学雑誌
Online ISSN : 1880-5787
Print ISSN : 0021-504X
ISSN-L : 0021-504X
58 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1~9を表示しています
  • Yoshinobu SUGINO, Hitoshi KAWASHIMA
    1983 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 79-93
    発行日: 1983年
    公開日: 2006/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    A convenient system for detection of deletion formation in the DNA containing Tn3 is described. EcoRI-D fragment containing the kil gene and the cI857 gene of λcI857S7 DNA was ligated into pYS1 (a colicin E1 like plasmid) containing Tn3. Bacteria harboring these plasmids were temperature sensitive due to induction of the kil gene of phage λ at high temperature. Survivors from these bacteria at 42°C have plasmids that have lost the kil gene activity by deletion. In certain mutants in Tn3 which we isolated, such deletion was not detected, nor was Tn3 transposition. On the other hand, in another mutant, in which BamHI site located in tnpR gene in Tn3 was eliminated, the frequency of deletion formation was enhanced, while transposition was normal. From these results, deletion can be considered to be a partial reaction of transposition.
  • Hitoshi KAWASHIMA, Yoshinobu SUGINO
    1983 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 95-105
    発行日: 1983年
    公開日: 2006/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    Integration of a λ derivative into the plasmids having deletions in Tn3 was observed to occur, resulting in a cointegrate or fused molecule of the phage and the plasmid. The cointegrate DNA could be obtained either as phage or as plasmid. The reaction was reversible, giving rise to the original phage and the original plasmid. The integration site of λ was deduced to be a secondary attachment site on Tn3.
  • Kuniharu OHNISHI, Keiko MURATA-MATSUBARA, Kazuyoshi KIRITANI
    1983 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 107-119
    発行日: 1983年
    公開日: 2006/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    A regulatory mutant, KA600 (ilvC8 livR3::Tn10), derepressed in the transport of branched-chain amino acids, was isolated from a strain KA931 (ilvC8) of Salmonella typhimurium LT2, after mutagenesis with tetracycline resistance transposon, Tn10. KA600 still carried P22-phage genome used as a vector in mutagenesis, and when grown on an agar medium, it segregated frequently phage-free clones possessing either a tetracycline-resistance (tetR) or a tetracycline-sensitive (tets) trait. Two of these segregant clones, KA601 (ilvC8 livR3::Tn10) and KA602 (ilvC8 livR3), were not different from KA600 in the mode of L-isoleucine transport. Levels of L-isoleucine and L-leucine uptake by KA610 (livR3::Tn1O), an Ilv+ transductant of KA601, were increased 1.4- to 2.0-fold over those of the wild-type. These uptake abilities were not repressed at all by 5mM glycyl-L-leucine. Activity of the branched- chain amino acid binding protein(s) of KA602 released by osmotic-shock was several times higher than that of KA931, although the activity of the former was repressible by glycyl-L-leucine to some extent. The livR locus was mapped in the region of 75 to 77 units on the genetic map of S. typhimurium. Nature of livR mutation distinct from a similar regulatory mutation, liv-231 is discussed.
  • Jean-Mare LEBLANC, Jean PERNES
    1983 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 121-131
    発行日: 1983年
    公開日: 2006/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    Polymorphism in populations of pearl millet from the Northern Ivory Coast was studied to determine the variability of three enzymatic proteins, alcohol dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase and phosphoglucoseisomerase, coded by three loci. The results show significant linear variation of frequencies associated with an eastwest axis for two of the loci. No significant variability for phosphoglucoseisomerase was found. The analysis of isolated populations allowed us to examine the important effect of genie flow that might explain the appearance of a linear gradient. The adaptation of these enzymes to flooding conditions was also studied, and the environmental variation from east to west might be sufficient to cause the appearance of allelic variations and the resultant adaptation. In this paper both hypotheses are discussed.
  • Seiichi TSUJI, Takato KOBA
    1983 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 133-140
    発行日: 1983年
    公開日: 2006/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    Cytoplasm (from Aegilops species carrying the D genome)/chromosome (chromosome 1D or 1DL from alloplasmic lines of Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring) interactions were investigated for their effects upon pollen and selfed seed fertility. The cytoplasms of Ae. squarrosa, Ae. cylindrica and Ae. ventricosa had the greatest effect in reducing pollen fertility (33.0- 41.9%) and selfed seed fertility (18.7-78.7%) upon interaction with monosomic 1D-trisomic 1A, monosomic 1D-trisomic 1B, monosomic 1D, monotelosomic 1DL, and monotelodisomic 1DS. The cytoplasms of Ae. crassa 4x and 6x, Ae. juvenalis and Ae. vavilovii had a lesser effect (45.4-92.8% pollen fertility and 20.0-95.8% selfed seed fertility) in the same interactions. These results lead to the inescapable conclusion that the absence of chromosome 1DL and the cytoplasms of the first three Aegilops species discussed above interact with wheat genomes to reduce microgametophytic viability. The cytoplasms of the second group of Aegilops species interacted with wheat genomes lacking chromosome 1D in a quantitatively different, but significant way. It is postulated that a gene (s) for microgametophytic viability is located on chromosome 1DL, and that the absence of the gene(s) of T. aestivum genomes results in partial breakdown of microgametogenesis in interaction with the cytoplasms of the second group of Aegilops species.
  • Seido OHNISHI, Ki-Won KIM, Takao K. WATANABE
    1983 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 141-151
    発行日: 1983年
    公開日: 2006/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    Phylogenic relationships among 21 members (15 species) of the Drosophila montium species subgroup were investigated by O'Farrell's two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and by starch gel electrophoresis (SDE). Phylogenic positions of two unclassified species [D. punjabiensis-like and D. sp. (Iriomote)] as well as those of two new species (D. bocki and D. leontia) within the D. kikkawai complex could be assigned, and it was evidenced that both electrophoretic techniques are adjunctively useful tools in taxonomy. Although the magnitude of genetic differentiation may be different between protein loci surveyed by 2DE and allozyme loci obtained by SDE, the relationship of genetic distances was highly correlated between two data sets of 2DE and SDE, as shown previously by Aquadro and Avise (1981). The biochemical dendrograms in the subgroup were constructed by the data sets (2DE and SDE) of genetic distances between species. The genetic relationships were consistent with the results of interspecific hybridization among these species.
  • XII. Observations on Japanese polyploid Curculionidae (Coleoptera)
    Yasushi TAKENOUCHI, Esko SUOMALAINEN, Anssi SAURA, Juhani LOKKI
    1983 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 153-157
    発行日: 1983年
    公開日: 2006/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    Triploid and pentaploid individuals of Scepticus insularis, originating from Honshu and Hokkaido, as well as tetraploid individuals of Callirhopalus bifasciatus and Catapionus gracilicornis have been assayed by starch gel electrophoresis. All weevils were parthenogenetic females. The results indicate that there is variation within a parthenogenetic population and that different degrees of polyploidy appear identical. This indicates that the degrees of polyploidy in parthenogenetic weevils originate at abnormalities in spindle orientation as advocated by Takenouchi.
  • Yoshiko N. TOBARI, Daigoro MORIWAKI
    1983 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 159-163
    発行日: 1983年
    公開日: 2006/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    Minute mutation and male recombination frequencies in the F1 progeny from the cross b se; bri ru female×wild-type male of 37 strains varied considerably among strains. A positive correlation between Minute mutation and male recombination frequencies was demonstrated. This suggests the possibility that a series of inducers and suppressors are responsible for both these traits.
  • Toshiki TAMURA
    1983 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 165-168
    発行日: 1983年
    公開日: 2006/07/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    To investigate the mechanism of gene expression responsible for the oily character of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, xanthine dehydrogenase activity and the amount of its metabolites in the oq oily mutant larvae were determined. The enzyme activity in the fat body of the mutant was markedly lower than normal. Uric acid was not present in the feces and the integument of the mutant, whereas a large amount of xanthine accumulated in the mutant feces. Thus, the oq mutant is enzymatically deficient. A previous report, which described that a locus (og) controlled xanthine dehydrogenase activity, and the discovery of this new mutant demonstrated that the synthesis of this enzyme in the silkworm is controlled by at least two different loci, og (9-7.2) and oq (12-26.3).
feedback
Top