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Volume 62 (1987)
- Issue 6 Pages 479-
- Issue 5 Pages 375-
- Issue 4 Pages 283-
- Issue 3 Pages 189-
- Issue 2 Pages 85-
- Issue 1 Pages 21-
Volume 62, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Keiko MATSUBARA, Kuniharu OHNISHI, Kazuyoshi KIRITANI1987 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 189-196
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA structural gene responsible for the high-affinity transport system of branched-chain amino acids, livA, is located at 76-77min, near xyl, on the genetic map of Salmonella typhimurium. Although the regulatory gene, livR, has been located in the same region as the livA, linkage relationship between the livA and livR genes is not yet known. The livA mutation does not affect the activity of leucine-isoleucine-valine-threonine binding protein. Isoleucine-valine requiring mutants can take up enough amounts of these amino acids for growth through only the low-affinity transport system(s), even if the high-affinity system is defective.View full abstractDownload PDF (682K) -
III. Six chromosome types in Triticum dicoccoidesTaihachi KAWAHARA1987 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 197-204
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSix chromosome types, which differ from each other by one or two reciprocal translocations, were recognized in Triticum dicoccoides through hybridization experiments. Variation on chromosome structure was the highest in Turkey followed by Israel, whereas T. dicoccoides from Iraq and Iran showed no variation. The present data show that the center of diversity on chromosome structure is in Southeastern Turkey, the central part of the present distribution area.View full abstractDownload PDF (764K) -
Osamu YAMAGUCHI, Tsuneyuki YAMAZAKI, Kaoru SAIGO, Terumi MUKAI, Alan R ...1987 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 205-216
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo Japanese natural populations and a Canary Island cage population of Drosophila melanogaster were analyzed with respect to three transposable elements P, 297, and copia, using chromosomal in situ hybridization, copia was distributed more or less equally over all chromosomes. Its copy number on the X chromosome was slightly less than that on autosomes of equivalent size, possibly indicating the near neutrality or slightly deleteriousness of the transposable element actually present in the chromosomes. The distribution of P elements was a little different from that of the other two transposable elements, as it was not concentrated around chromocenter, in contrast to that of 297 and copia. No evidence of threshold was observed with respect to the copy number of transposable elements in a genome in any of the three transposable elements. The variance of copy number of these transposons between different strains were generally larger than those expected under the poisson distribution, especially in the P element. These observations possibly indicate near neutrality of these transposable elements (in their present positions) with respect to natural selection or non-equilibrium state in populations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1476K) -
Muneo MATSUDA, Yoshiko N. TOBARI1987 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 217-224
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGenetic analyses were carried out using wild type stocks presumed to carry genetic components which strongly enhanced crossing over in males of Drosophila ananassae. A new enhancer (symbolized En(2)-cc) is located in the vicinity of the e locus residing in 2L of the E22 stock from India. This result suggests the possibility that the new enhancer and the En(2)-cm previously mapped to the right of the e locus in the L8 stock from Sri Lanka are allelic, although mapping lacks precision. Another new enhancer (symbolized En(2)- hn) discovered in the HW stock from Hawaii is identified to be situated in a new locus in the vicinity of the Arc locus in the proximal region of 2L. The En(2)-hn is separable from the En(2)-cm by recombination.View full abstractDownload PDF (705K) -
I. Phylogenetic relationships based on coatings, hybrids and proteinsWon Ho LEE, Takao K. WATANABE1987 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 225-239
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEight species belonging to the Drosophila melanogaster subgroup were examined genetically and biochemically for the construction of phylogenetic trees. Based on the hypothesis advanced by Watanabe and Kawanishi (1979, 1981), we have estimated the ages for the eight Drosophila species in the descending order to be as follows: D, melanogaster, D, orena, D. simulans, D, yakuba, D, erecta, D. teissieri, D, mauritiana, and D. sechellia The plausible immediate ancestor for D. orena, D, simulans and D. sechellia appears to be D. melanogaster and that for D. yakuba, D, teissieri and D. mauritiana is D, simulans. On the other hand, a two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis has suggested that the subgroup consists of two complexes; they are D, melanogaster complex (D, melanogaster, D, simulans, D, mauritiana, D. sechellia) and D, yakuba complex (D, yakuba-D, teissieri pair and D. erecta-D. orena pair). Hybridization tests among the eight species have revealed that the most closely related pairs of species are the D, simulans-D, mauritiana within the complexes and the D, mauritiana-D, teissieri between the complexes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1389K) -
Shozo YOKOYAMA, Ruth YOKOYAMA, Peter ROTWEIN1987 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 241-256
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree different sizes of cDNA clones coding for the β1 subunit of human alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) were isolated from a human cDNA library constructed in bacteriophage λgtll and completely sequenced. Comparisons of these three with two other published ADH β1 cDNA sequences show one silent nucleotide substitution at the third position of colon 220 and two nucleotide differences within the 1337 nucleotides of the 3′ untranslated region. Hybridization of a 3′ untranslated region of one of the β1 cDNA clones to DNAs from various individuals has shown a Rsa I restriction fragment length polymorphism. A phylogenetic tree for class I human ADHs α, β, and γ shows that the subunits α and diverged most recently and that their common ancestor diverged from the ancestor of the subunit γ earlier. This tree topology differs from that based on equal rates of nucleotide (or amino acid) substitution of the three ADH subunits, in which the subunits β and γ are considered to be most recently diverged. The evolutionary rates of nucleotide substitution for the three subunits reveal that the subunit γ is evolving with the slowest rate, followed by β and γ, in that order, implying that the subunit γ may be providing the original function of ethanol metabolism.View full abstractDownload PDF (1497K) -
Dominique JOLY1987 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 257-263
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe cyst lengths in each of the four cryptic species of the Drosophila melanogaster complex are stable. There is no variability due to the geographic origin of lines or strains. There is strong evidence that the distribution of cyst length is a highly species-specific trait. The extent to which the cyst length distributions of the four species diverge, is striking; two species (D. mauritiana and D. simulans) have short cysts while the others (D. sechellia and D. melanogaster) have long cysts. There is partial overlap within but not between these long and short distributions. In D, mauritiana and D. simulans where the overlap is the greatest the variability is the least. Although D, mauritiana, D. simulans and D. sechellia make a monophyletic group with respect to D, melanogaster, D, sechellia appears to have strongly diverged from the mauritiana-simulans pair. The cyst length of an hypothetical common ancestor can not be inferred from these studies.View full abstractDownload PDF (697K) -
Takeo OHNISHI, Masumi HAZAMA, Keiichi NOZU1987 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 265-269
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of several DNA damaging agents on cell differentiation and morphogenesis were investigated using a radiation sensitive mutant (γs-13) and the wild-type strain (NC-4) of a lower eukaryote, Dictyostelium discoideum. When furylfuramide, mitomycin C or methylmethanesulfonate was present during the course of cell differentiation from amoebae to spores, abnormally shaped fruiting bodies, most of which were double fruiting bodies, were induced at a high frequency in γs-13 when compared with NC-4. In addition, the number of produced spores was largely depressed in γs-13 by the presence of those agents during differentiation. Furthermore, many of the spores were inviable, especially at higher concentrations. In NC-4, on the contrary, almost all of the formed spores were viable at the various concentrations tested.View full abstractDownload PDF (533K) -
Hiroaki YAMAMOTO, Sakae TAKEUCHI, Toshiyuki KUDO, Kozo MAKINO, Atsuo N ...1987 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 271-274
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA cDNA library was constructed from poly (A)+ mRNA from mouse melanocytes and screened using anti-tyrosinase antiserum and oligonucleotide probes corresponding to amino acid sequence of tyrosinase. Sequencing of some cDNA clones positive in these screenings gave a nucleotide sequence of 1838 nucleotides including a open reading frame of 1344 nucleotides.View full abstractDownload PDF (451K)
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