巻号一覧
67 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
ARTICLES
-
Jun ADACHI, Masami HASEGAWA1992 年 67 巻 3 号 p. 187-197
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/10/04
ジャーナル フリーThree Markov models (Dayhoff, Proportional and Poisson models; Hasegawa et al., 1992a) for amino acid substitution during evolution were used for maximum likelihood analyses of proteins coded for in mitochondrial DNA in estimating a phylogenetic tree among human, bovine and murids (mouse and rat) with chicken as an outgroup. It turned out that Dayhoff model is the most appropriate model among the alternatives in approximating the amino acid substitutions of proteins coded for in mitochondrial DNA. In spite of the presence of the complete sequence data of mitochondrial genomes, we could not resolve the trichotomy among human, bovine and murids, probably because the time length separating two branching events among these three lines was short and because chicken is too distant from mammals to be used as an outgroup. It was suggested that the average substitution rate of amino acids coded for in mitochondrial DNA is lower along the bovine line than those along the human or murid lines. Advantages of amino acid sequence analysis over nucleotide sequence analysis in phylogenetic study were discussed.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1357K) -
Yasuhiko MUKAI, Takashi R. ENDO1992 年 67 巻 3 号 p. 199-207
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/10/04
ジャーナル フリーDeletion mapping was conducted to locate a fertility-restoring gene (Rfv1) of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) against the male-sterility-causing cytoplasm of Aegilops kotschyi Boiss. Since this gene had been known to be located on the satellited short arm of chromosome 1B of a common wheat cultivar Chinese Spring, we first produced alloplasmic deletion lines of Chinese Spring that had the cytoplasm of Ae. kotschyi and various sizes of deletions in the 1B short arm, and then studied their male fertilities. One of the deletion chromosomes, which lost 48% of the length of the 1B satellite, still carried the Rfv1 gene, but another deletion lacking 53% of the satellite did not. All the other deletions with larger deficiencies did not carry the gene. Thus, the Rfv1 gene was located within a 5% region of the 1B satellite, where an interstitial C-band is located.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1246K) -
Tohru TOKUNAGA, Ohmi OHNISHI1992 年 67 巻 3 号 p. 209-216
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/10/04
ジャーナル フリーThe spatial distribution of allozyme alleles was studied at two local sites of a natural population of wild radish, an inland site in 1988 and 1989 and a beach site in 1988. Randomness of the spatial distribution of genotypes was tested at four isozyme loci in adult plants and fertilizing pollen by spatial autocorrelation statistics. At the inland site, significant aggregation of an identical allele was observed at two loci each in 1988 and 1989 for adult plants. At these loci, aggregation of an allele was observed also for pollen cloud. The aggregation, however, was not stable; the loci which showed significant aggregation differed in two successive seasons. These observations can be interpreted either by limited but moderate pollen dispersal or the great variation in fertility among the adult plants. The latter accidentally causes aggregation of identical alleles. At the beach site, the seed bank was disturbed by tractors for fishing work, and this led to a random distribution of alleles.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1050K) -
Hitoshi SUZUKI, Susumu SAKURAI, Masahiko NISNIMURA, Ryo KOMINAMI, Kazu ...1992 年 67 巻 3 号 p. 217-232
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/10/04
ジャーナル フリーSilver-stainability of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) that contain genes for ribosomal RNA (rDNA) was investigated using two mouse strains, BALB/cCrSlc and MOA, and their hybrid progeny. The patterns of segregation of the rDNA clusters were analyzed in terms of chromosomal C-banding and by use of a polymorphic probe for the variable region in backcrossed N2 and N3 individuals. The results indicate that the intensity of Ag-NOR staining is stably inherited in most of the rDNA clusters, irrespective of different genetic backgrounds. In some clusters, such as those on chromosome 12 of BALB/cCrSlc, a modulation of the intensity is observed. This modulation seems to be due to compensatory activation via a change in the number of actively transcribed genes. The change from silver-negative to silver-positive staining of the NOR of chromosome 12 of BALB/cCrSlc was correlated with demethylation of the genes.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2264K) -
Hisashi TSUJIMOTO, Katsumasa NIWA1992 年 67 巻 3 号 p. 233-241
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/10/04
ジャーナル フリーTo clarify the DNA structure of the B chromosome of rye, Secale cereale L., we carried out in situ hybridization using probes of two highly repetitive sequences (pSc74 and pSc119) of rye A chromosome, of total genomic DNAs from plants with (4 B) or without (0 B) B chromosomes, and probes of fractionated genomic DNA (1.14-kb and 1.28-kb sequences) from a 4 B plant. Clones pSc74 and pSc119 did not hybridize to the B chromosomes except at small interstitial sites. A probe consisting of the total DNA of a 0 B plant hybridized over the entire length of all the A and B chromosomes except for the telomeric C-band region of the long arm of the B chromosome. A probe of total DNA from a 4B plant produced signals only in the terminal C-band region after prehybridization with the 0 B plant DNA. A probe consisting of DraI-digested 1.14-kb fragments from a 4B plant hybridized to the telomeric region of the B chromosome, whereas one of 1.28-kb fragments did so to an interstitial region of the A chromosome. On the basis of the in situ hybridization, and the cytological and molecular biological results, we assume that the B chromosome in rye originated once in the distant past and was then perpetuated in the populations.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1274K) -
Shuichi FUKUOKA, Kazuyoshi HOSAKA, Osamu KAMIJIMA1992 年 67 巻 3 号 p. 243-252
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/10/04
ジャーナル フリーRandom amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) were identified in rice by amplification using single 10-mer primers of arbitrary sequence. The number of amplification products increased with increasing GC content of the primer in the range between 40% and 60% GC. Single-base substitutions of a primer altered amplification, providing new polymorphisms. The size of amplified DNA was mostly between 0.5kbp and 2.2 kbp with the most common bands at 1.5 kbp. Sixteen rice accessions were assayed with 28 primers which generated 116 polymorphic amplified DNAs or RAPDs. All accessions were uniquely distinguished by at least one RAPD and clustered into three distinct groups which corresponded to Japonica, Javanica and Indica. Japonica differed on average from Indica with 80.1 RAPDs and from Javanica with 30.8 RAPDs. It was, thus, demonstrated that RAPDs were useful polymorphisms in rice and superior to RFLPs for their technological simplicity. RAPDs would be good alternatives for the construction of a genetic map because of the higher frequencies of polymorphism detection.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1388K) -
Kazumi HATTORI1992 年 67 巻 3 号 p. 253-258
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/10/04
ジャーナル フリーInheritance of the flower color in chrysanthemum particularly anthocyanin pigmentation was analyzed by using spectrophotometry. Genetic analysis of the inheritance of anthocyanin pigmentation showed that chrysanthemum cultivars used in this experiment belonged to three groups. In the first group the gene for anthocyanin pigment biosynthesis appeared in the homozygous recessive state. The cultivars belonging to this group had either white or yellow flower and can be useful for testing lines for anthocyanin pigmentation. In the second group, the genes were in the heterozygous condition. While in the third group, the presence of two genes in the heterozygous state with two distinct genes was noted. It was suggested that a chimerical structure be considered in the analysis of the flower color inheritance. The possible role of the gene in the step involving dihydroflavonol to anthocyanin formation in the anthocyanin biosynthesis was also presented.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (753K)
FOR THE RECORDS
-
Hiroshi MATSUBAYASHI, Muneo MATSUDA, Yoshihiko TOMIMURA, Masayoshi SHI ...1992 年 67 巻 3 号 p. 259-264
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/10/04
ジャーナル フリーSemidominant, optic morphology (Om) mutants in Drosophila ananassae have been genetically mapped to at least 25 loci throughout the genome (Hinton, 1984; 1988). Among them, four X-linked Om mutants were proved to be associated with the insertion of a transposable element, tom (Shrimpton et al., 1986; Tanda et al., 1988). In the present study, cytological mapping of autosomal Om mutants was carried out by in situ hybridization to polytene chromosomes using a cloned tom element as a probe. The cytological site for each autosomal Om mutant has been determined to a single band of the salivary gland chromosomes.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (800K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|