日本衛生学雑誌
Online ISSN : 1882-6482
Print ISSN : 0021-5082
ISSN-L : 0021-5082
29 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • 安達 史朗, 大久保 利晃
    1975 年 29 巻 6 号 p. 543-551
    発行日: 1975/02/28
    公開日: 2009/02/17
    ジャーナル フリー
    After obtaining information from the National Health Insurance bills, comparative study of the relationship between air pollution and respiratory disease was made for two small areas in Tokyo; Kojiya as a highly polluted area of 6, 766 insurants and Hachioji as a contrast area of 8, 735 insurants. All the bills of above insurants demanded during 1971 were used. The result of comparison between Kojiya and Hachioji is as follows. The age adjusted incidence (average frequency of new consultation per person per year) of respiratory diseases of all kinds were higher in Kojiya for both sexes. Also the incidence of auricular diseases and injuries were higher in Kojiya, but those of skin and motor organs were the reverse. Among respiratory diseases, common cold in infants, bronchitis both acute and chronic in advanced ages and rhinitis in all ages were more frequent in Kojiya. Male were found to contract chronic bronchitis at earlier ages in Kojiya. It was also interesting to note that under 20 years of age, otitis media most of which must have the same source of infection as upper respiratory infection was more frequent in Kojiya.
    Furthermore, biasses or inaccuracies bound to the bills were analyzed to confirm the reliability of the result and to discuss the limitation as a source of morbidity information.
  • 藤原 喜久夫, 杉山 豊樹, 小池 和子, 大場 健吉
    1975 年 29 巻 6 号 p. 552-557
    発行日: 1975/02/28
    公開日: 2009/02/17
    ジャーナル フリー
    A river model for measuring the biodegradability of organic materials was devised simulating the natural aquatic environments. Applying this model, the biodegradabilities of linear alkylate sulfonates (LAS) were determined by the methylene blue method and UV-spectrophotometry
    1) LAS added to the concentration of 10ppm has shown to be removed almost completely in twenty days of operation from the water fractions and bottom sludge layers by determination with methylene blue method. The UV-spectrophotometry revealed, however, the residue of about 40% in water fractions and about 25% in bottom sludge lagers even after the experiment. The discrepancy of these biodegradabilities might be due to the difference between the principles of the determination methods.
    2) Among the LAS compounds containing alkyl chains in the range from C10 to C14, the substrates having alkyl chains of C10 were degradated most slowly and the compounds with the chains of C14 disappeared most rapidly.
    3) LAS compounds having phenyl radicals near the terminal part of the alkyl chains could be decomposed easily. On the contrary, it was difficult to attack them the phenyl radicals were bound to the inner part.
  • 山本 正治, 渡辺 厳
    1975 年 29 巻 6 号 p. 558-562
    発行日: 1975/02/28
    公開日: 2009/02/17
    ジャーナル フリー
    マウスの加令に伴う生殖生理学的変化及び胎仔の染色体不分離現象について観察した。実験にはCF#1系雌マウスを用い, この動物集団を生後2∼4カ月, 5∼8カ月, 9∼12カ月, 13∼16カ月の4群に区分した。この間雌マウスを若年成熟雄とつがえた。妊娠10.5日に母獣を開腹しその生殖生理学的変化 (妊娠の有無, 排卵数, 吸収胚数, 生存胎仔数など) 及び胎仔の染色体構成について検索した。
    母獣の加令に伴う妊娠率の低下, 排卵数および生存胎仔数の減少をみとめた。胎仔の染色体異常発生の頻度は, 異数性異常については生後2∼4カ月, 5∼8カ月, 9∼12カ月, 13∼16カ月群でそれぞれ160例中2例 (1.3%), 128例中1例 (0.8%), 106例中5例 (4.7%), 52例中5例 (9.6%) と加令に伴い増加傾向を示した。これに反し, 倍数性異常 (3倍体) の発生は, それぞれ2例 (1.3%), 1例 (0.8%), 1例 (0.9%), 0例 (0.0%) であり加令に伴う増加傾向を認めなかった。
  • 第2報 Impinger 法による空中細菌の分析
    中田 秀彦, 横田 正義, 河原林 忠男
    1975 年 29 巻 6 号 p. 563-567
    発行日: 1975/02/28
    公開日: 2009/02/17
    ジャーナル フリー
    The airborne bacteria were investigated by the Impinger method and Koch's method in order to elucidate the significance of bacterial aerosol in ordinary living environments from the viewpoint of environmental medicine.
    1. There was a correlation between the number of indoor airborne bacteria by the Impinger method and by Koch's method in the state after the students left the classroom, while there was no correlation during their stay in the room.
    2. The number of bacteria after they left the room by the Impinger method was less than the number during their stay in the room.
    3. The percentage of isolation of staphylococci from the indoor airborne bacteria by the Impinger method was about 15%.
    4. In the airborne staphylococcus strains by the Impinger method, coagulase-positive strains were very few, while deoxyribonuclease-positive strains reached about 25%.
    5. In deoxyribonuclease-positive strains of airborne staphylococci, alpha-lysin, beta-lysin and deltalysin by plate assay were found in a very high percentage, and in deoxyribonuclease-negative strains these hemolysin were also found.
    The existence of pathogenic staphylococci in the indoor bacterial aerosol should be considered to be a valid indicator of carrier-borne bacterial contamination in living environments. These results indicate that the Impinger method would be adequate for the quantitative analysis of airborne bacteria, and both the hemolytic test by plate assay and the deoxyribonuclease test would be valuable as a screening test of pathogenic staphylococci.
  • 山下 節義, 土居 真
    1975 年 29 巻 6 号 p. 568-580
    発行日: 1975/02/28
    公開日: 2009/02/17
    ジャーナル フリー
    Finally, 19 years after the incidence of poisoning by arsenic tainted Morinaga Dry Milk, the permanent relief work has been just started for the sufferers.
    How to treat nonregistered sufferers, i. e. sufferers who were not registered by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in the Morinaga Dry Milk poisoning incident, is a very important problem.
    In order to clarify the cause and actual state of nonregistered sufferers, a study was carried out using the data of Kyoto follow-up survey (Jap. J. Hyg. Vol. 27, No. 4, 364-399, 1972) and many medical reports about Morinaga Dry Milk poisoning.
    Results are summarized as follow:
    1) The nonregistered sufferers' group consisted of relatively younger patients who had slighter symptoms than the registered sufferers' group in the those days.
    2) On the data of the Kyoto follow-up survey by the Kyoto Prefecture, nonregistered sufferers' group had as many physical and mental complaints as the registered group, and the state of the nonregistered group was similar to that of the registered group.
    3) The criteria for diagnosis of the poisoning by the Nisizawa committee and the treatment by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and municipal governments for sufferers in those days were inadequate.
    4) The occurrence in nonregistered was foundamentally caused by the fact that the sufferers were registered on the basis of the criteria for the diagnosis of the poisoning, but not on the basis of drinking the arsenic tainted Moririnaga Dry Milk.
    5) That is the question, why doctors in those days did not take a serious view of the fact that no man had heretofore ever experienced such mass arsenic poisoning in infants and that many of the sufferers were infants who were physically and mentally in the developing process, and they came to a conclusion according to the medical well-known knowledge of arsenic poisoning in those days.
    6) One should pay attention to the fact that the damage of sufferers consisted not only of physical damage but also of psychological or socieoecnomical damages.
    If the official registeration of sufferers is made only according to the criteria for the clinical diagnosis of the poisoning, nonregistered sufferers can be produced inevitably in any public nuisance.
    7) The officical registration of sufferers must be based on the fact that they had been drinking the arsenic tainted Morinaga Dry Milk in those days.
    Many of the nonregistered sufferers can not show any evidence of drinking aresenic tainted Morinaga Dry Milk because government and medical officers have disrecorded such evidence in the past. So, nonregistered sufferers should be registered on the basis of their families' verbal evidences.
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