巻号一覧
32 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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田中 豊穂1977 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 613-623
発行日: 1977/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe author studied fifteen retinopathy cases for the purpose of finding the sociomedical problems involved therein. Retrospective interviews with the families were the main sources of information. The items on the list for interviews included the obstetric histories of mothers, the conditions of mothers during their pregnancies related to retinopathy infants, the conditions of mothers during the deliveries related to the infants, medical care provided for the infants, the present conditions of the infants, the knowledge of the families about retinopathy of prematurity, etc.
The results of the interviews prompted the author to particularly investigate the conditions of mothers during their pregnancies related to the infants, the obstetric histories of mothers and the explanations from the medical personnel on the cases to the families.
The conclusions are as follows;
(1) All cases were preterm low birth weight infants and it was noted that twelve cases out of fifteen had evidently one or more risk factors of preterm delivery which were preventable.
(2) The total pregnancies of all the mothers were 46; natural abortions and preterm deliveries were 31, artificial abortions 3, and full-term deliveries 12. Among them 14 natural abortions and preterm deliveries, 2 artificial abortions and 4 full-term deliveries were experienced before the infants with retinopathy were born, and 2 natural abortions and preterm deliveries, one artificial abortion and 8 full-term deliveries were experienced after the infants with retinopathy had been born. That is, after the infants with retinopathy were born the rate of full-term delivery in total pregnancies was higher than before the infants with retinopathy were born.
(3) It was revealed that in all cases the explanations from the medical personnel on the cases to the families had been ill-timed and/or inappropriate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1494K) -
阪本 州弘, 勝野 真吾, 吉本 佐稚子, 木下 博, 田中 登美子1977 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 624-629
発行日: 1977/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー兵庫県多紀郡において昭和49年度から脳卒中発生予防の疫学調査を行った。
先づ,脳卒中発生率の異なったN, J地区を選び,食生活の調査を行った。地区め食塩摂取傾向は地区住民40名の1日全尿のNa排泄量及び単位時間当りのNa排泄量及び各回のNa/Cr比の値等を検討した。その結果Na/Cr比は,時間当りのNa排泄量と相関が高いことが解ったので,この指標により,食塩摂取傾向をみた。N地区では食塩摂取傾向はJ地区よりも1.5倍程高い値を示している。又,高血圧の発生率は今回は最高血圧150mmHg以上又は最低血圧90mmHg以上の値を用いて検討した。
最高血圧においては各年齢層においても異常者はN地区においてはJ地区よりも1.5倍高い傾向がある。
この地区における高血圧発生率の異いには,食塩摂取の相対的な量の変化がよく対応している。このため食塩多量摂取の傾向が高血圧多発の傾向に関連しているものと思われる。
次に,食塩摂取傾向をNa/Creatinine比300mEq/gでわけ,高い群と低い群における年齢別血圧値の中央値をみると,ことに若年者においてNa摂取傾向が高い群で血圧値が高い傾向を示した。このため兵庫県のこの地区における脳率中予防,ことに高血圧発生予防には食塩摂取の制限が重要であるが,ことに又若年者における食塩摂取を少なくすることも重要なことであると思われる。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (565K) -
勝野 真吾, 吉本 佐稚子, 阪本 州弘, 木下 博, 田中 登美子1977 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 630-641
発行日: 1977/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー兵庫県下一農村地区住民を対象として,交感神経活動の指標と考えられる血清Dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH)活性の分布とその血圧値に対する関連性を検討し,以下の結果を得た。
1. 正常者の血清DBH活性は対数正規型の分布を示し,その正常範囲は女性では8∼102I.U.,また男性では8∼75I.U.であった。
2. 血清DBH活性のレベルは加齢とともにわずかに減少し,また女性の血清DBH活性は男性の血清DBH活性より有意に高かった。
3. 血清DBH活性には地域差は認められなかった。
4. 30歳代,40歳代および60歳代の女性において,その血清DBH活性は149/89mmHg以下の正常血圧範囲内では血圧の上昇にともなって増加する傾向が認められた。しかし,血圧値が150/90mmHg以上の範囲ではその活性はむしろ減少する傾向を示した。
5. 本態性高血圧者群と正常血圧者群の血清DBH活性には有意差は認められなかった。また高血圧群の血清DBH活性の分布も正常者群のそれと同じであった。
6. 正常者群の40歳代および本態性高血圧者群の50歳代では血清DBH活性と血圧値の間に有意の相関性が認められた。一方,血清DBH活性70I.U.以上の高い活性値を示す群は,各年齢層において,血清DBH活性15I.U.未満の低い活性値を示す群より正常血圧の範囲で高い血圧値を示す傾向が認められた。
以上の結果から,血清DBH活性のレベルと血圧値の間には関連性があり,血清DBH活性の血圧値におよぼす効果は血圧値をその正常範囲の上限まで上昇させることにあると推測される。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1277K) -
高下 忍, 横田 勝司, 坂口 平1977 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 642-649
発行日: 1977/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーRespiration and enzyme activities of Geotrichum candidum showing filamentous phase in bulking sludge was examined in comparison with yeast-like phase.
1) RQ value of endogenous respiration in F phase cells for the early period was slightly greater than that of Y-like phase cells, but considerable differences were not observed between both phases. NaN3, CH2ICOOH strongly inhibited the endogenous respiration of F phase cells.
2) The dissolved oxygen (DO) consumption of G. candidum on various substrates was generally greater in Y-like phase cells than in F phase cells, and there was, in particular, a remarkable difference of DO consumption when the organism was grown in the medium added with amino acid such as glycine, alanine and arginine. As3+ and Hg2+ showed almost equal inhibition on pyruvate oxidation in both phase cells, but Cu2+, Pb2+, CN- and HCHO inhibited strongly the respiration of Y-like phase cells.
3) On enzymes of Leucine aminopeptidase, Alcohol dehydrogenase, G-6-P dehydrogenase and Glutathione reductase, except 5'-Nucleotidase, F phase cells showed high activities. Acid phosphatase (PMase) in cells of Y-like phase showed a marked lower activity than in F phase cells. However, Acid PMase in cell free extracts from Y-like phase showed opposite results.
4) Acid PMase was activated by the addition of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Ba2+, and it was noted that the activity was markedly accelerated by Pb2+ and Cu2+ Mo6+ and W6+ showed complete inhibition by the activity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1096K) -
県および地方別,単産華表 宏有, 土井 徹, 比嘉 恵子, 大沢 進1977 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 650-659
発行日: 1977/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーIn this study we investigated the secular trends in the mean birth weight of the single births by prefecture and region, using the vital statistics of the Japanese government, and then compared the mean birth weight of single births with that of total births (including the single and multiple births) reported in the previous paper (Ref. 1).
The mean birth weights and their standard deviations of each available year (1969-74) were computed by sex and by prefecture and region (Table 1∼2).
The ranges, the means and their standard deviations of the differences between the mean birth weight of single births and that of total births in each year were computed by sex, by prefecture and region (Table 3). During this period the ranges of the former differences were 8gm. at the prefectural level, 4gm. at the regional level when both sexes are combined. The means of the differences were almost constant, with 8gm. in males, and 8-9gm. in females at the two areal levels and the standard deviations of the differences were very small, 1.1-1.7gm. at the prefectural level and 0.5-1.2gm. at the regional level.
All other results presented in Table 1∼7 and in Fig. 1∼2 showed quite similar patterns in comparison with those of total births reported previously.
In conclusion we wish to emphasize that it would be possible, at least at the prefectural and regional level, to assess the secular trends of the mean birth weight of the single births from the data of the total births quite accurately, taking into consideration the constant differences of 8gm. in males, and 8-9gm. in females.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1317K) -
安達 史朗1977 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 660-670
発行日: 1977/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーStatic and dynamic analyses were used for investigating the acute relationship among acute respiratory disease, meteorologic condition and air pollution. Daily incidence of the disease was obtained from the records of the National Health Insurance regarding those who lived in two small areas in Tokyo where air monitoring stations were located. Reliability of the incidence estimated was proved by a preliminary study.
After eliminating the variations due to day of week, stepwise regression analysis revealed consistent relation of temperature to the incidence and a spectral analysis showed the probable chain connecting them to be a second-order differential system analogous to protection taken against temperature spell. Dermal disease as a control showed no relation to air pollutants.
Among pollutants, only NO and its associates showed a relatively constant relation to the incidence. A spectral analysis indicated that the incidence associated with the change of NO but not with NO itself, which was not contradictory to regression analysis because NO, NO2, NOx or Oxidant were entered when the lag varied.
A further study will be needed to modify the probable error due to deviation from ‘true’ date of disease occurrence or unsuccessive air measurement, to specify the most probable agent among nitrogen oxides and to determine which is more effective, average or peak concentration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1454K) -
多孔性吸着剤に対するアセトアルデヒドの吸着棚田 成紀1977 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 671-676
発行日: 1977/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー近年,悪臭防止法に加えられたアセトアルデヒドの除去に適した吸着剤を見い出し,さらに吸着機構を明らかにするため,多孔性吸着剤20種(活性炭13種,ゼオライト4種,ケイ酸塩3種)に対するアセトアルデヒドの吸着量と吸着速度を静的方法により測定した。
吸着剤20種のうち,活性炭No.11は平衡濃度1,000∼60,000ppmの範囲内で吸着量が最も多く,吸着速度は比較的速いため,アセトアルデヒドの吸着除去剤に適している。若干の活性炭に対するアセトアルデデドの吸着等温線はDubinin式によく適合することから,アセトアルデヒドの吸着は活性炭のミクロ孔内へのvolume fillingによって行われるものと考えられる。窒素ガス吸着法によって,若干吸着剤の細孔半径300Å以下の細孔分布を求めたが,いずれの吸着剤も半径約15Å以下(ミクロ孔)の細孔が発達していた。さらに吸着量と細孔容積の関係について検討した結果,アセトアルデヒドの吸着量と細孔半径10.5Å以下の細孔容積との間に相関性が認められた。したがってアセトアルデヒドの吸着剤はミクロ孔,とくに半径10.5Å以下の細孔容積の大きいものが適していることがわかった。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (587K) -
(その2) 東京都における主要死因別死亡の地理分布について大久保 利晃, 安達 史朗, 外山 敏夫1977 年 32 巻 5 号 p. 677-686
発行日: 1977/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous study the authors investigated the utility of the areal division by the grid square method applied to the geographical distribution of cancer mortality in Tokyo. In the present study, we intended apply it to major causes of death and extended areas which have larger variations in population density. To smooth the variation of confidential intervals of death rates, some grid square areas are grouped into one area. When the expected number of deaths is less than five, the grid square areas are made into one unit to the extent that the expected number is up to five. As a result, 1126 original grid square areas are reproduced to 341 new combined areas. The maximum number of original areas in one combined area is 63 and the average is 3.3. Inspection of the geographical distribution for the various causes of death reveals some differences in the patterns of mortality. However, some patterns are similar and may be grouped into two categories:
1. high rates in the western area, rural and/or hilly, and in the eastern area, industrial, but generally low rates for middle zone, residential; all causes, apoplexia, pneumonia or bronchitis
2. a cluster of high rates in central Tokyo; cancer抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7885K)
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