巻号一覧
34 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1～7を表示しています
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山口 正義1980 年 34 巻 6 号 p. 719-722
発行日: 1980/02/28
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー塩化第一スズ (3.0mg Sn/100g体重) を1日2回, 3日間あるいは10日間経口投与したラットの臓器内カルシウムの変動を調べた。スズの3日間の投与により, 血清および大腿骨カルシウムが有意に減少した。これに対して, 肝, 腎, 脾, 心, 肺および膵のカルシウムはスズ投与で有意に変動しなかった。一方, スズの10日間の投与により, 血清および大腿骨カルシウムの有意な減少とともに, 腎ならびに膵カルシウムが明らかに増加した。現在の結果から, 無機スズ化合物の経口投与により臓器内カルシウムの変動がひき起こされるものと考えられる。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (405K) -
(第4報) アミノ酸尿能川 浩二, 本多 隆文, 小林 悦子, 石崎 有信1980 年 34 巻 6 号 p. 723-732
発行日: 1980/02/28
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーUrine specimens were collected from 40 actual and 17 suspected Itai-itai disease patients living in the cadmium-polluted Jinzu River basin, from 56 subjects with renal tubular damage living in the Kakehashi River basin polluted by cadmium and from 10 subjects from non-polluted areas. The urine was analyzed for individual free amino acids, total protein, glucose, β2-microglobulin, retinol binding protein, lysozyme and cadmium quantitatively.
Generalized aminoaciduria was found in both the actual and suspected patients and also in those inhabitants of the Kakehashi River basin.
Amino acid patterns were very similar among all specimens though the excreted amounts of amino acid were lower in the urine of the inhabitants in the Kakehashi River basin.
High correlation coefficients were found between the excretion of individual amino acids (alanine, proline, ornithine) and other substances (total protein, glucose, β2-m, RBP, lysozyme), and also between urinary amino acids and renal functions (Ccr, CPAH, % TRP).
The results indicate that the aminoaciduria mechanism in chronic cadmium poisoning is due to multiple disorders of amino acid transport in renal tubules, and that urinary amino acids peculiar to Itai-itai disease do not exist.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1156K) -
第1報 クレゾール, フェノール, ホルマリンの処理に関する基礎的実験狭山 信矩1980 年 34 巻 6 号 p. 733-742
発行日: 1980/02/28
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーRecently, public attention has increasingly been drawn to environmental contamination by wastes from universities and research institutions. Counterplans carried out by serveral universities were designed mainly to treat wastes as are usually given off by schools of technology or science. However, the wastes from medical schools and hospitals differ from those of schools of technology and science, because the former contain large quantities of disinfectants, and biological materials, to give two specific examples.
In this experiment, the author attempted to design a counterplan for the treatment of wastes from medical schools and hospitals specifically. In the present study, the author describes the results of laboratory experiments on the treatment of the disinfectants, cresol, phenol and formalin. In an apparatus (capacity 2liters) containing intalox saddles, an activated sludge (200) was introduced a bacterial source, and bacterial nutrients, various concentrations of disinfectant and water were added and aerated.
The results were that each unit of 1, 000ppm of cresol, phenol and formalin could be decomposed within 24 hours using this apparatus continuously. However, when more than 1, 000ppm of these disinfectants were introduced in the apparatus, the disinfectants were still detectable in the effluent after 24 hours.
Upon termination of the action of the apparatus, the maximum decomposition level for a 500ppm cresol solution was found to be 1, 700ml per 24 hours.
In the same manner, a mixture of cresol and phenol or mixture of cresol and formalin could be decomposed using the same apparatus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7100K) -
II. カドミウムと亜鉛・カルシウムとの相互作用福島 晋一1980 年 34 巻 6 号 p. 743-750
発行日: 1980/02/28
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of cadmium chloride and the interaction of cadmium chloride, zinc chloride and calcium chloride on the cell division in Paramecium tetraurelia were investigated.
The results were found to be as follows:
(1) As the concentration of cadmium increased in the culture medium, the rate of cell fission reduced. Reduction in the fission rate was observed at a level below 2μM CdCl2 and all cells died in a concentration of over 12.5μM CdCl2.
(2) Cells that were exposed to cadmium once were resistant to the second exposure, but this resistance apparently had limits.
(3) Some cells died in a culture medium contained at 5.5μM CdCl2 and some cells divided in the culture medium contained 12μM CdCl2, that is, clonal variation in resistance to cadmium in Paramecium tetraurelia had a wide range.
(4) Zinc generally strengthened the toxicity of cadmium in the cell, but it acted antagonistically to high concentrations of cadmium.
(5) Calcium showed only a weak toxicity to the cell even at concentrations of CaCl2 over 1mM. Calcium acted antagonistically to the toxicity of cadmium.
(6) Cells that had been exposed to zinc were sensitive to the exposure of high concentrations of cadmium.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1045K) -
第1報 性・年齢別自覚症状の量的・質的な差青木 繁伸1980 年 34 巻 6 号 p. 751-765
発行日: 1980/02/28
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーAn attempt was made to make use of the results of a kind of health questionnaire in health administration or evaluation of health status of both a group of people and specific individuals.
The Todai Health Index, THI, was developed by S. Aoki et al. in 1974 with the purpose of supplementing the widely-used Cornell Medical Index, CMI. It consists of 130 questions. Twelve scales and three discriminant scores are available for use in evaluation.
In this paper, quantitative and qualitative differences of subjective complaints in five sex-age groups, and the relevance and usefulness of the THI in this problem were investigated.
The survey was carried out using 5, 937 employees of a trading company. The five sex-age groups were as follows; females in their twenties (2, 190), males in their twenties (1, 217), males in their thirties (948), males in their forties (592) and males in their fifties (479).
To determine quantitative differences, the proportion of responses to each question, the mean value of scale scores and discriminant scores were used. To determine qualitative differences, the factor-pattern of subjective complaints and scale scores were each checked by factor analysis.
The results were as follows:
1) Females in their twenties had many physical and psychological complaints, especially concerning their eyes. Two subjective complaint factors, the control of temper and the depression, were extracted by factor analysis. Twelve scales were divided into a physical scale group and two psychological scale groups.
2) Males in their twenties had three factors; an irregular lifestyle, the complaints of the digestive organs and the self-aggrandizement.
3) Males in their thirties seemed most stable, both physically and psychologically of the five groups.
4) Males in their forties showed depression. This was assumed to be a result of a loss of self-confidence in their physical condition or their work ability.
5) Males in their fifties had regular lives and were psychologically stable. On the other hand, this group showed somehow neurotic conditions and high scores on the “living scale”. Two factors, related to cardiovascular complaints and the self-aggrandizement, were extracted by factor analysis of subjective complaints.
The author believes that these results have determined relevance of the THI in collecting information about the physical and psychological status of both groups and individual people.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1810K) -
第2報 心身症患者の判別診断のための評価方法青木 繁伸1980 年 34 巻 6 号 p. 766-776
発行日: 1980/02/28
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe Todai Health Index, THI, was developed as a general health questionnaire by S. Aoki et al. in 1974. It consists of 130 questions. Twelve scale scores and three discriminant scores are available for use in evaluation.
In this experiment, several methods for discrimination of psychosomatic diseases were investigated. Fifty psychosomatic disease patients (PSDs) and sex-age matched 250 controls were used as subjects.
The results were as follows:
1) Using discriminant analysis, seven scale scores were selected. With this function, the correct ratios were 82.0%, 81.6% and 81.7% for PSDs, controls and totals, respectively.
2) Using the Quantification Theory, Type II, each three answer choices for nine of the questions were quantified. The relationship between psychosomatic diseases and subjective complaints was nonlinear. The correct ratios were 82.0%, 92.0% and 90.3% for PSDs, controls and totals, respectively.
3) Using the Quantification Theory, Type III, and following the procedure for Type II, three choices for nine of the questions ranked in order of the seriousness of the subjective complaints were graphed on the first axis. A choice indicating a “medium degree” was assigned a negative value, and choices indicating a “high degree” or a “low degree” were assigned positive values on the second axis. Therefore, the graph of the three choices had a “V-shape”. The correct ratios were 72.0%, 92.0% and 88.7% for PSDs, controls and totals, respectively.
4) The above three evaluation methods were applied to 94 other cases. Four out of five cases, where doctors gave their comments, and in 32 out of 36 cases, where there were no comments from doctors, were judged correctly using the above three methods of evaluation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2875K) -
深瀬 治1980 年 34 巻 6 号 p. 777-792
発行日: 1980/02/28
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー大気汚染物質の影響を測る指標としての肺の peroxidative metabolic pathway (PMP) の活性変化を評価する目的で, ガス状大気汚染物質の繰り返し暴露によるマウス肺の還元型 glutathione (GSH) 量及び glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, 及び glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 活性の変化を検討した。
大気レベル濃度のオゾン又はオゾンより高濃度の二酸化窒素の暴露により, PMPの活性は暴露の強さに比例して上昇した。一酸化窒素, 二酸化硫黄, 又は一酸化炭素の暴露では, 大気レベルよりはるかに高濃度でもPMPの活性は変化しなかった。金属カドミウムフュームの吸入又はANTUの投与によってもPMPの活性は上昇したが, 肺重量当りの上昇率はオゾン又は二酸化窒素によるそれよりも小であった。これらのことは, PMPの活性上昇は, 酸化性の大気汚染物質の影響を示す特異的ではないが鋭敏な指標であることを示している。
PMPへの作用はオゾンの方が二酸化窒素より10∼15倍強く, 又オゾンの作用はどんな低濃度でも存在し得るのに対し, 二酸化窒素のそれはある濃度以下では見られなかった。酵素活性の上昇度にも両者の作用の相異が見られた。
PMPの活性と致死濃度のオゾン暴露に対する抵抗性との間に関連性が見られた。PMPは, オゾン等のオキシダントに対する肺の生体防御機構として重要な役割を果たしていると考えられる。
GSH量の増加はオゾン又は二酸化窒素の暴露の強さとよく比例することから, GSH量の増加率を指標としてオゾンと二酸化窒素の複合影響を検討した。オゾンと二酸化窒素の混合暴露の影響は各々の単独暴露の影響の和に等しく, 両者の作用は相加的であると推定された。上記の指標を用いて, オゾンの作用に及ぼす二酸化硫黄, 一酸化窒素, 及び一酸化炭素の影響も検討した。二酸化硫黄はオゾンの作用を高める場合があり, 両者の相乗作用の可能性が指摘された。これらの知見は, オゾンを含む複雑な混合物より成る大気汚染による健康障害を, より明らかにするための手がかりを与えるものと考えられる。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1918K)
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