巻号一覧
35 巻, 4 号
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(II) 水銀化合物, セレン同時投与ラットの肝および腎における Metal Binding Protein の動態山本 勇夫, 滝澤 行雄, 佐藤 芳枝1980 年 35 巻 4 号 p. 635-642
発行日: 1980/10/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of the simultaneous administration of selenium and mercurials on mercury distribution, and the binding properties of mercurials with the components in the soluble fraction of tissues in 140 male Wister rats were studied.
The concentrations of mercury, in both liver and kidney, 120 hours after the simultaneous administration of methylmercuric chloride and sodium selenite were significantly higher than those for groups administered only with methylmercuric chloride. Furthermore, the amount of mercury in the kidney was higher than that in the liver.
The concentrations of selenium in the livers and kidneys of the group administered with sodium selenite alone, decreased rapidly in comparison with the group administered with sodium selenite and mercury compounds simultaneously.
The soluble portion were fractionated by the gel filtration method on Sephadex G-75. Mercury, both in the liver and kidney of rats administered only with mercuric chloride, was found in the low molecular weight fraction 17-18 and the high molecular weight fraction 32-33, although the fraction 32-33 might correspond to metallothionein. In addition, the amount of mercury bound to the low molecular weight fraction in the kidney showed a tendency to increase gradually with time. On the other hand, the gel filtration patterns of the liver and kidney for the groups administered with methylmercuric chloride and sodium selenite was obviously different from that for mercuric chloride. The groups administered with methylmercuric chloride and sodium selenite were mainly bound to the low molecular weight fraction 17-18 and the high molecular weight fraction 55, although the group administered with mercuric chloride was confined within the high molecular weight fraction 32-33.
No obvious discrepancy was seen in the amount of methylmercury between the group administered simultaneously with methylmercury and sodium selenite and that administered with methylmercuric chloride alone.
The results indicate that the administration of selenium is identified as the compound responsible for the selective binding and accumulation of mercury in the kidney and liver of rats.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1004K) -
第8報 沖繩本島住民の手指寒冷血管反応野原 博1980 年 35 巻 4 号 p. 643-653
発行日: 1980/10/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーCold vascular reactions of the fingers (the so-called “hunting reaction”) were studied among 353 adult males and 206 adult females living in Okinawa. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tolerance levels to cold for residents of Okinawa with specific comparisons of Okinawa and those who have moved from the main Japanese islands. Okinawa is located in the subtropical zone and has temperatures about 1°C in summer and 10°C in winter and humidity a few percent higher than those in the southwestern part of the main islands.
Using a thermister, skin temperatures at the nail bed of the middle finger of the left hand were measured before and during a 30-minute immersion in stirred ice water.
The following characteristics: temperature before immersion (TBI), temperature and time elasped at the first rise after immersion (TFR and TTR respectively), mean skin temperature during 5∼30 minutes in water (MST) and amplitude of hunting (AT) were recorded. The resistance index to cold on frost-bite (RI) was scored according to a five-point scale, modified by Nakamura (1977) from the three-points method first proposed by Yoshimura (1950).
The experiments were carried out from 1972∼1974 on three groups of subjects in Okinawa.
For subjects born and raised in Okinawa, the reactions and RI tended to be lower for those in their twenties than in their thirties and other. Results are shown in Tables 1-5 for Group 1, subjects (residents of rural regions) and in Tables 6, 7, 10 and 12 and Figs. 1 and 2 for Group 2 (medical workers) and Group 3, (students at a police academy) all of whom live in urban areas.
A study was also performed in Okinawa on the vascular reaction to cold of residents born and raised in southwestern Japan who had migrated to Okinawa within the year before the experiments were conducted. The reactions and the RI values of these subjects were not remarkably different for different age groups, and approached those of Okinawans aged thirty and over in the first study (Table 12 and Fig. 5). This suggests that Okinawans acquire cold resistance more slowly with age than others. It is noteworthy that seasonal changes in these reactions reported by many investigators for other regions were also found for the residents of Okinawa, although actual climatic changes are far smaller than elsewhere.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1503K) -
森田 博行, 小池 重夫1980 年 35 巻 4 号 p. 654-658
発行日: 1980/10/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー塩化コバルトを家兎に注射して, 血液のコリンエステラーゼの活性の変動を観察した。ブチリルチオコリンを基質として, 家兎の血清偽コリンエステラーゼの活性をみると, その度合によって2つの型に分類される。
塩化コバルト注射によって, 血漿トリグリセライドもコレステロールも顕著に上昇し, 脂血症の状態を呈したが, 血清コリンエステラーゼの活性は2つの型とも著明に低下した。塩化コバルト注射家兎の血球の過酸化脂質 (マロンジアルデヒドであらわす) は有意に増加したが, 血球アセチルコリンエステラーゼの活性には変化がみられなかった。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (550K) -
八木 典子1980 年 35 巻 4 号 p. 659-664
発行日: 1980/10/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーPCB投与ラットの肝臓の脂質代謝について in vivo, in vitro の実験を行い, 以下のような結果を得た。
1. PCB投与ラットの血中及び肝臓中の cholesterol 量, phospholipid 量の有意の上昇を認めた。
2. HDL-cholesterol 量は, PCB投与群で有意の上昇を認めた。
3. in vivo の系において14C-acetate, 14C-glucose の呼気中CO2への取込みには対照群とPCB投与群の間に有意の差は認められなかったが, 肝臓中 cholesterol 分画への14Cの取込みはPCB投与群で有意に上昇を示した。
4. in vitro の系において, 14C-acetate, 14C-glucose を肝臓切片に反応させると, いずれもPCB投与群で sterol 分画及び phospholipid 分画への14Cの取込みの上昇及び triglyceride 分画への14Cの取込みの減少を認めた。
5. 脂肪酸の合成系については, 対照群とPCB投与群間で有意の差は認められなかった。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (847K) -
久野 由基一, 栃原 信子, 小池 重夫1980 年 35 巻 4 号 p. 665-669
発行日: 1980/10/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー塩化コバルトを家兎に3日間注射すると, 赤血球と血漿の脂質酸化物マロンジアルデヒド (MDA) が増加し, 溶血の傾向がみられた。コバルト注射によって上昇した血漿MDAと血漿トリグリセライド, 血漿コレステロールの間には高い相関があり, 血漿過酸化脂質は他の脂質と同様に肝臓に由来することを示唆している。赤血球のグルタチオンパーオキシダーゼの活性も赤血球の還元型グルタチオンの濃度もコバルト注射によって有意な変動を示さなかった。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (566K) -
第2報 パイロットプラントによるクレゾールの処理に関する実験狭山 信矩1980 年 35 巻 4 号 p. 670-675
発行日: 1980/10/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, author describes the results of the efforts to treat cresol using a trickling tower plant which was built on the campus of Kyoto University. This model plant consisted of a tower (height: 4.75m) containing plastic spray filter beds (total surface area 74m2), an aeration tank (100 liters), a settling basin tank (50l), a circulation tank (20l) and a tank for nutritive elements (100l). The waste water containing cresol was sprinkled from the top of the tower and cresol was treated by the bacteria grown on the filter beds. It was found that up to 400 liters of a 500ppm of cresol solution could be treated in 24 hours using such apparatus. As the equipment for this plant requires an area of only 3m2, it appears very applicable for use in the treatment of disinfectants discarded from medical schools and hospitals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3087K) -
松本 健治, 三野 耕, 永井 尚子, 宮田 啓史, 工藤 陽子, 庄本 正男, 竹内 宏一, 武田 真太郎1980 年 35 巻 4 号 p. 676-683
発行日: 1980/10/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThis is a report of how the acceleration of growth correlates with urbanization for each Japanese prefecture. The secular trend in the age of maximum growth in height (MGA-H) was taken as an indicator of the acceleration of growth, and the ratio of workers in primary industries to the total number of workers (WPI-ratio) as an indicator of urbanization in general.
The results were as follows:
1) The greatest regional difference, an MGA-H of 1.59 years for boys and 0.87 years for girls, was observed for those born between 1947 and 1949. The regional difference may be due to the fact that the acceleration of growth has been shown greater in urban than in rural areas.
2) With boys, as the result of comparing the inflexion point computed out in each MGA-H curve, large regional differences were found between boys born in 1934 in Aichi, an urban prefecture, and boys born in 1957 in both Ehime and Miyazaki, typically rural prefectures.
3) The WPI-ratio has decreased yearly in relation to urbanization since World War II. In 1975, regional difference in ratios ranged from 0.7% in Tokyo to 34.9% in Iwate prefecture.
4) There were statistically significant positive correlations between the MGA-H of the same population plotted, for example, in 1934-41 (see Fig. 4) and the WPI-ratio of the same population 10 years later, except for the years immediately after World War II.
5) In analyzing the correlation coefficients between the WPI-ratio in 1955 and the MGA-H of each population by the year of birth, it became clear that the highest correlations were for boys born in 1941-43 (ages 12-14 in 1955) and for girls born in 1946-48 (ages 7-9 in 1955).
6) In some prefectures during the decade from 1955 to 1965, the greater the speed of industrialization, the greater the decline of MGA-H.
Judging from the fact that there are regional differences in MGA-H in some degree for each prefecture, it may be concluded that changes in the Japanese way of life along with urbanization are the main factors causing the acceleration of growth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1062K) -
第1報 ラットに対する Dibutyl Phthalate の吸入実験河野 通宣1980 年 35 巻 4 号 p. 684-692
発行日: 1980/10/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーRats were exposed to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) mist at concentrations of 0.5mg/m3 (low concentration group) and 50mg/m3 (high concentration group), 6 hours per day for 6 months.
The rats in the high concentration group showed a smaller body weight gain, and greater brain and lung weights when compared to the control group. The former also showed abnormal serum findings such as high urea nitrogen, low cholesterol, and for some, high transaminase activity.
The rats in the low concentration group showed similar findings, but at comparatively low levels.
An increased percentage of neutrophiles was observed in both groups.
It was concluded that prolonged exposure to DBP at concentrations of 50mg/m3 produces adverse effects in rats, but that even low level is harmful.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1362K) -
第2報 ラットにおけるフタル酸エステルの代謝, 蓄積及び排泄について河野 通宣1980 年 35 巻 4 号 p. 693-701
発行日: 1980/10/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーA quick, simple and accurate method for the quantitative analysis of phthalate esters and their metabolites in rat urine was devised. The chemicals in urine extracted into ethyl acetate were injected into a gaschromatograph-mass spectrograph system and their mass phragmentgraphy was taken at 149m/e.
When administered into the stomach, most diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) metabolized to monoester and phthalic acid and were rapidly excreted into the urine.
Rats exposed to DBP aerosols at concentrations of 50mg/m3, 6 hours daily for 6 months, showed some DBP accumulations in internal organs, of which the levels in the brain and lungs were most remarkable.
In some cases DBP concentrations in the brain was several times greater than in other organs. Brain accumulations were comparatively slight, in rats exposed only to 0.5mg/m3 DBP.
The results suggest that the adverse effects of phthalate esters arise from their accumulations in the brain and from their metabolite toxicities.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1246K) -
1980 年 35 巻 4 号 p. 719
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (24K)
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