巻号一覧
36 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
永田 久紀, 石榑 清司, 浅野 弘明1981 年 36 巻 5 号 p. 763-767
発行日: 1981/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー昭和35, 40, 45, 50年のわが国の男子の年齢階級別肺がん死亡率 (45∼49歳から70∼74歳まで) を資料として, 年齢階級別死亡率の年次推移の解析に Multiplicative model をあてはめる研究方法が有効か否かを検討した。
年齢階級・年度二重分類表の各区画の死亡率が年齢階級の効果と年度の効果との積に比例するとみなした模型は観察データーに適合しなかったが, 各区画の死亡率が年齢階級の効果と出生コホートの効果との積に比例するとみなした模型は観察データーによく適合した。すなわち, Multiplicative model をあてはめる研究方法によって, 年齢階級別肺がん死亡率の年次推移の解析にあたっては, 死亡率におよぼす出生コホートの効果を重要視する必要があることを一層明確に示すことができた。
以上, 本研究の結果は Multiplicative model をあてはめる研究方法が, 年齢階級別死亡率の年次推移を解析するための一つの有効な手段であることを示唆している。計算には京都大学大型計算機センターを利用した。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (593K) -
塚本 利之, 小泉 直子, 香川 多津子, 井上 芳樹1981 年 36 巻 5 号 p. 768-772
発行日: 1981/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーLithium salts are widely used in the treatment of psychotic patients, therefore, it is of significance whether lithium is able to cross the placental barrier and be transmitted to the fetus in pregnant women. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that lithium is transmitted to the fetus at a low level.
Sixteen rats were given lithium in single doses of 4mg/kg daily by gastric incubation during gestation, days 1-10 or 10-19. This dose is approximately twice the therapeutic dosage used psychiatrically. All animals were sacrificed on day 11 or 20 of pregnancy.
Lithium concentrations in maternal tissues (liver, kidney, brain, serum, blood cells), in the placenta, the fetus and the amniotic fluid were determined by flame or flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
Ten days after the termination of the drug, lithium concentrations in maternal and fetal tissues were the same as those for the control group. Lithium was rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and transmitted from the mother to the fetuses were higher on day 11 than on day 20. The results thus indicate that lithium crosses the placental barrier but is inhibited to some degree in the last stages of pregnancy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2829K) -
山中 すみへ, 市岡 功己, 西村 正雄1981 年 36 巻 5 号 p. 773-782
発行日: 1981/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーA variety of organophosphorus compounds with low acute toxicity levels are widely used as pesticide. This paper reports on the effects of several organophosphorus compounds and 2-pyridine aldoxime methiodide (PAM) on rat serum cholinesterase (ChE) activity and isoenzyme. The following results were obtained.
1. Twenty bands of serum ChE isoenzyme from normal rats were detected by electrophoretic separation on polyacrylamide gradient gel. The inhibition patterns of separated ChE isoenzyme obtained by incubated it in vitro with various organophosphorus oxon-types were different.
2. The serum ChE activity in rats was inhibited by the administration of various organophosphorus compounds (1/2 LD50, p.o.). The spontaneous recovery of the enzyme was comparatively rapid in rats treated with Dichlorvos or Parathion, but it was slow in those treated with Fenitrothion or Pyridaphenthion. The effects of PAM which had been administered at the same time on the recovery of the serum ChE activity was marked in those rats treated with Parathion or Pyridaphenthion.
3. Serum ChE isoenzyme patterns in rats administered various organophosphorus compounds were different, but each of them was similar to the respective pattern inhibited in vitro. Of the twenty bands of serum ChE isoenzyme, band 7 was specifically reactivated by the administration of PAM, and PAM was effective in reactivating serum ChE to rats treated with Parathion or Pyridaphenthion, which specifically had inhibited band 7 of ChE isoenzyme.
4. Of the twenty bands of non-specific ChE isoenzyme, acetylcholinesterase activity was highest in band 4, 5, 7, and butyrylcholinesterase activity was highest in band 5.
PAM seemed to be able to reactivated the high acetylcholinesterase activity in band 7 of ChE isoenzyme, and it was effective only for those organophosphorus compounds which specifically had inhibited band 7, such as Parathion and Pyridaphenthion.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (10029K) -
田中 平三, 植田 豊, 伊達 ちぐさ, 馬場 昭美, 山下 英年, 林 正幸, 堀本 豊範, 岡崎 邦夫, 吉川 賢太郎, 島田 豊治, ...1981 年 36 巻 5 号 p. 783-794
発行日: 1981/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー新潟県S市某地区において脳卒中の疫学的研究が実施されている。本論文では, この研究における脳卒中患者の把握と診断の方法について検討した。
脳卒中患者の把握のために, 次の情報源が利用されている。すなわち, 年1回の集団検診, 開業医および病院からの届出, 保健婦や住民組織からの情報, 消防本部の救急車出動記録・国民健康保険のレセプト・死亡診断書の定期的閲覧などである。研究に従事している医師は, 届出患者を家庭訪問して診察を実施した。全情報は, 一定の書式に整理された。3人の医師がそれを検討し, 脳卒中と非脳卒中, および脳卒中の病型鑑別の診断を行った。
患者の60%以上の診断は, 現病歴 (臨床経過, 臨床症状など) と一般および神経学的理学検査に基づく, いわゆる“臨床診断”によってなされ, 生化学的検査, レントゲン検査, 特殊補助検査 (髄液検査, コンピューター断層撮影, 脳血管造影など) などの精密検査に関する情報は得られなかった。そこで, 3人の医師による“臨床診断”の妥当性を, コンピューター断層撮影および他の精密検査結果と比較することによって検討した。全脳卒中に対する感度 (Sensitivity) は97.2%, 特異度 (Specificity) は97.9%であった。両方法間の一致率は, くも膜下出血68.4%, 脳出血86.0%, 脳梗塞82.4%であった。このように, 充分満足すべき妥当性が得られた。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1399K) -
渡辺 紀子1981 年 36 巻 5 号 p. 795-800
発行日: 1981/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーMuch interest has been focused on organic pollutants in aquatic environments, because such pollutants are significant from the viewpoints of health and of eliminating water pollution. Synthetic detergents constitute one group of these pollutants. The author investigated the quality of water in the main rivers and of sewage in the city of Kagoshima. Chemical analyses were made for synthetic detergent (MBAS), BOD and DO.
Detergent concentrations in river water investigated were approximately 1ppm in downstream areas. These values showed a considerable increase when compared with the trace amounts detected in 1962. This increase is a result of the marked increase in the domestic use of synthetic detergents in recent years. BOD values in river water were 0.6∼13.6ppm and a positive correlation (r=0.82) was found between the detergent concentration and BOD value for each sample.
Detergent concentrations in raw sewage and secondary effluents were 8.2±1.4ppm and 0.14± 0.04ppm, respectively. These concentration levels are about twice those of 1962. Detergent removal by sewage treatment processes were calculated to effect about 98%, and therefore, high levels of biodegradablity of detergents in activated sludge were assumed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (787K) -
第1報 運動負荷における種々のヒト血漿酵素活性の変動について大野 秀樹, 寺山 和幸, 平田 史子, 河原林 忠男, 渡部 秀雄, 西野 守彦, 高桑 栄松, 谷口 直之1981 年 36 巻 5 号 p. 801-810
発行日: 1981/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーEleven healthy untrained male students were studied, using a bicycle ergometer, 920kpm/min for 30min, to observe the effects of physical exercise upon the activities of various plasma enzymes. The enzymes examined were glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) isozyme (mitochondrial GOT, m-GOT and soluble GOT, s-GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozyme (heart-type, H and muscle type, M), α-hydroxybutyric acid dehydrogenase (α-HBDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) isozyme (MM-, MB- and BB-type), aldolase, α-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OCT), and dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH). Blood samples were drawn at the beginning and end of the exercise periods and then 20min, and 1, 6, 24 and 48 hours later.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) DBH activity increased after the end of exercise as well as during the 48-hour recovery period.
2) The activities of skeletal muscle enzymes-m-GOT, s-GOT, LDH-M, CPK-MM, MDH, and aldolase-increased after exercise ended. LDH-M activity tended to increase after the 48-hour recovery period.
3) Both cardiac muscle enzymes, α-HBDH and CPK-MB, increased in activity after exercise was terminated. LDH-H activity decreased after the 48-hour recovery period.
4) After exercise ended, the activities of hepatic enzymes, such as ICDH and GPT, tended to increase. γ-GT increased and OCT activity decreased after the recovery period.
The results demonstrate that even enzymes from the same organ reacted differently to physical exercise. Moreover, the results suggest that the prolonged liver dysfunction can be associated with increased sympathetic nerve activity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1532K) -
高野 健人, 宮崎 良文1981 年 36 巻 5 号 p. 811-815
発行日: 1981/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe combined effect of carbon monoxide (CO) and cyanide has been a controversial issue. To elucidate the interaction of CO and cyanide, the fluorescence which represents the intracellular reduced pyridine nucleotide was measured on the rabbit kidney surface in situ. Various doses of potassium cyanide (KCN), 2μmol/kg-8μmol/kg, were administered intravenously with and without inhalation of 1, 2, and 3% CO via a respirator. The dose-response relationship between KCN and the fluorescence increase fitted a salient sigmoid curve with a steep slope, and CO was potent to increase fluorescence independently and shifted the dose-response curve for KCN to the left. It was concluded that the combined effect of CO and KCN was additive, but when cyanide was of a critical dose for intracellular respiration, it had the appearance of synergism.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (670K) -
鈴木 明, 局 博一, 市瀬 孝道, 織田 肇, 久保田 憲太郎1981 年 36 巻 5 号 p. 816-823
発行日: 1981/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーTo clarify the effect of subchronic nitrogen dioxide exposure on arterial blood pHa, PaCO2 and PaO2, rats were exposed continuously to NO2 at concentrations of 0.4, 1.2 and 4.0ppm for 1, 2 and 3 months. Body weight, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), blood hemoglobin, arterial blood pHa, PaCO2 and PaO2 were measured for exposed rats and controls. The weights of rats exposed for 1 and 2 months were slightly greater than that of controls, however those of rats exposed to 4.0ppm for 3 months decreased to a level 92% of the control group. The HR's of rats exposed to 1.2 and 4.0ppm for 1 month were significantly reduced, although for animals exposed for 2 or 3 months HR's were equal to control levels. The RR's of rats exposed to 4.0ppm for 2 and 3 months were 109-111% of control levels. The blood hemoglobin in exposed rats was slightly elevated, but not to a significant degree. When rats were exposed to 4.0ppm NO2 for 3 months, the PaCO2 increased slightly, but the PaO2 dropped to 90% of control. The reduced PaO2 which is dependent on NO2 concentration was evident in rats exposed to NO2 for 3 months. Under anesthesia and artificial ventilation, when rats were exposed to 4.0ppm for 3 months, the increase in PaO2 plus the increase in artifical respiratory rate was significantly lower than for control group.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (945K) -
高木 靖弘1981 年 36 巻 5 号 p. 824-829
発行日: 1981/12/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー福井県住民における2∼88歳までの約360名の毛髪中各種微量金属濃度を原子吸光光度法で測定し, それらの値について既知の値と比較検討する一方, 性差, 年齢差などの検討および生活環境基盤の同一のもの (双子家族) での濃度相関マトリックスの相関性やまた一般環境とは異なった鉱山従事者における毛髪中微金属濃度の違いなどについても検討した。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (556K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|