In order to detect basophilic stippled erythrocyte (BSE), Kozukue (one of the authors) et al. (1966) devised a kind of specific staining for ribonucleic acid (RNA) in red cells as follows: The peripheral blood is smeared thinly onto a glass-slide, dried in air, fixed with methanol for 3 minutes, stained with 1:2, 000 acridine-orange phosphate buffer solution (pH8.0) for about 2 seconds, washed with tap water, dried, mounted with paraffine oil, and observed under a fluorescence microscope. By this method, BSE is easily detected by the red fluorescence of its granules (basophilic stipples) while normal reticulocyte (Ret) emits a diffuse reddish orange fluorescence. Using this technique, the authors have found that BSE appeared also in cases of eczema, dermatitis, disorders involving various organochlorine compounds and steroids, in addition to lead poisoning.
The results from examination of this fluorochroming method in cases of abnormal time for drying blood smears before fixation are herein described. For this purpose, smears from rabbits (1) with occurrence of BSE induced by lead poisoning, (2) with post phlebotomy reticulocytosis without BSE, and (3) of normal rabbits were dried in various times by use of a humidity chamber, ventilation at room temperature or with hot air, or heating (30-50°C) of glass-slide.
1) In blood with occurrence of BSE, BSE increased in number with the prolongation of time from 4 seconds to 5 minutes but did not appear within 3 seconds. While in normal and mere reticulocytemic blood, BSE count always stayed within 0.2‰ per whole erythrocytes.
2) The granules showed a tendency to increase in size and number as the BSE count was increased.
3) These phenomena can be explained by the following hypothesis: Visible difference between BSE and Ret, both of which can not be distinguished by supravital staining, appears in the period within which the smear remained with moisture. During this period, in BSE, RNA begins to aggregate around mitochondria forming granules as time passes. This change stops with the competition of drying, while in normal Ret, RNA continues to disperse diffusely in cytoplasm independently of the time. But this continued dispersion is caused by certain properties in the blood (normal or with disorders induced by lead or other causes) so that even when the time is prolonged, BSE count, size and number of granules never exceed a certain limit that varies with the origin of each blood. Such property of the blood might be decided by the distribution of mitochondria and quantity, quarity or abnormality of RNA in each cell.
4) In practicing this fluorochroming technique, smeared blood should be dried slowly spending a minimum of 30 seconds, avoiding hot air, radiant heat or strong wind. A wind-protecting box or humidity chamber should be used under the circumstances where dessication is promoted.
5) On the other hand, in order to merely detect BSE or distinguish from normal blood, it is very useful as a provoking method to dessicate smears in 4.5 to 5 minutes by means of putting them into a humidity chamber for about 4 minutes.

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寝具の快適性を追求する指標を得るため,簡易で規制の少ない体動計を用いて自然な睡眠を記録し,種々の体動測定項目とめざめ感の良否との関係を検討したところ,次のような成績が得られた。1)めざめ感の良否は,5種の体動測定項目-1時間あたりの体動数(FB),平均静止時間(MR),最大静止時間(MAR),最大静止時間までの所要時間(TMAR),最大静止時間までの体動回数(FMAR)-と関連があり,めざめ感が快適な時,FBは少なく,MR,MARは長く,TMARは短く,FMARは少ない,結果となった。2)5種の体動測定項目のうち,FB,MR,MARは,めざめ感の良否と有意な相関を示す傾向がみられたが,TMAR,FMARは,MARの出現時期と関係があるため,指標とすることは困難と思われる。3)FB,MRは個人差が示されたが,MAR,TMAR,FMARは個人差は示されなかった。4)以上の結果,“めざめ感の良い寝具”を検討する際の指標としては,FB,MR,MARが最適であり,個人差の影響を消す実験計画をたてた上で,各種寝具を比較検討することは意味があると思われる。

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下水汚泥由来の加圧減量化乾留残渣細孔内へのメチレンブルーの吸着特性を調べた。加圧減量化した試料は未加圧の試料に比べ,見かけの密度は1.3-1.6倍で,10トン瞬間加圧試料(3)へのメチレンブルー吸着量は,100ppm濃度において1.5倍であった。一方,15トン瞬間加圧試料(4)への吸着量は,2000ppm濃度において1.5倍であった。乾留残渣の粒子内拡散係数は,活性炭のその値よりも2-10倍大きく,試料(3)の粒子内拡散係数は未加圧試料のそれに比べ約4倍大きな値を示した。加圧試料(3)が吸着量,粒子内拡散係数とも他の試料と比べ大きな値を示したことは,10トン程度の加圧により,乾留残渣のマクロ孔が減少し,逆に遷移孔(とくに細孔半径が50Å以下の遷移孔)が増大したためと考えられる。

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The purpose of this study is to make clear a comprehensive relationship between activity and fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP and nutrient intakes.
These figures are taken from 267 young healthy male students excluding habitual users of alcohol.
The results of the survey were as follows:
1) There were no statistically significant correlation between serum γ-GTP activity and obesity indices. A high correlation was observed between percentage of γ-GTP (1) fraction and Rohrer index, Broca index. (p<0.01)
2) Serum γ-GTP activity had no correlation with the nutrient intakes.
3) The percentage of γ-GTP (1) fraction correlated significantly with dietary intakes of vitamin C, protein(g)/weight(kg), vitamin B2, and vitamin B1. (p<0.01)
4) Multiple regression analysis showed that the variables which correlated best with the percentage of γ-GTP (1) fraction were dietary intakes of vitamin C, protein(g)/weight(kg), vitamin B1.
5) It is possible to conclude from the results that activity of serum γ-GTP was not affected by nutrient intakes but percentage of γ-GTP (1) was closely related to it.

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In order to investigate the effects of sulfuric acid and sulfate salts mist on the respiratory system, guinea pigs were exposed to acute conditions of sulfuric acid, ammonium bisulfate, ammonium sulfate, sodium bisulfate, sodium sulfate of 50mg-SO₄/m³, respectively. Animals developed laboured breathing, only when exposed to acidic mist. Furthermore, it was shown that laboured breathing might be related to the acidity of mist. No significant differences in respiratory frequency (f), total respiratory system resistance (T. R. S. R) and pseudo-flow rate (Vpse) were observed between ammonium bisulfate (acidic) exposed group and ammonium sulfate (neutralized salt) exposed group, before laboured breathing development. Histamine content of lung and tracheal tissues were also examined. Tracheal histamine level of ammonium salts exposed group was reduced compared to the control group, but the relationship between laboured breathing development and histamine content was not observed.

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To assess the significance of obesity as an etiological cause for essential hypertension, the relation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and blood pressure level was statistically examined from a cross-sectional data of health examinations for male clerical workers aged 40-54.
The conclusions were as follows.
1) Among 640 subjects under analysis, 105 subjects were accompanied by obesity characterized by more than 25.0 of BMI.
2) ‘Rate Ratios’ of the individuals whose BMIs are more than 25.0 to those whose BMIs are less than 25.0 for hypertension (WHO criteria) were 2.77, 1.96 and 2.22 in the three age groups of 40-44yrs, 45-49yrs and 50-54yrs, respectively.
3) ‘Population Attributable Risk Percents’ (PARs) of obesity characterized by more than 25.0 of BMI for hypertension (WHO criteria) were calculated as 21.3±13.6%, 13.2±7.9% and 17.9±7.3% for the three age groups of 40-44yrs, 45-49yrs and 50-54yrs, respectively. Furthermore, the author attempted to estimate the standard PAR level among the whole middle-aged male population by the age-standardization of PAR. If the above three age groups are equally weighed, this age-standardized. PAR is calculated as 17.1%.
4) If the subjects with border-line hypertension (WHO criteria) are also included in hypertensives, the age-standardized PAR is caluculated as 9.5%.
5) These results suggest that about 10-20% of essential hypertension among Japanese middle-aged males could be prevented by the maintenance of desirable weight.

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福井県の農山村地区住民(男性:274名,20-83歳,女性:419名,20-82歳)における血中セレン(Se)濃度と握力・血圧・ヘマトクリット・ヘモグロビン濃度との相関性を検討し,次の結果を得た。
1) 血中Se濃度は,正常女性よりも正常男性において,より強く正の相関性を握力や血圧に対して示した。
2) 正常女性においてのみ,血中Se濃度はヘマトクリット及びヘモグロビン濃度の両方に対して正の相関性を示した。
3) 正常者におけるこのような関係は,検尿陽性者や循環器有所見者においては明瞭に認められなかった。

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Lysozyme (LZM) activities in sera of 236 persons including 159 persons with pneumoconiosis in a group of ceramic workers and 77 healthy persons were measured by tubidity method.
The results were summarized as follows;
1. LZM value in sera of controls was 5.6±1.2μg/ml (M±S. D.) and those of subjects with each form of pneumoconiosis roentgenogram was 6.4±1.3 in PR1 (n=40), 7.1±1.8 in PR2 (n=33), 7.0±1.6 in PR3 (n=52) and 7.0±2.1 in PR4 (n=34). There were significant differences (p<0.01, respectivity) between that of controls and of subjects with each form of pneumoconiosis, but no significant difference among those of subjects in PR2, PR3 and PR4.
2. Increased values of LZM above 8.1μg/ml (M+2S. D. of controls) appeared 2.6% in controls, 15.0% in PR1, 27.3% in PR2, 15.3% in PR3 and 17.6% in PR4. Those rates in subjects with each form of pneumoconiosis were significantly higher (p<0.01, respectivity) in comparison with that of controls, but no significant difference among 4 forms was recognized.
3. In the relationship between LZM values in sera and the results of the score evaluation of radiographic severity in pneumoconiosis, there was significant correlation with the scores of rounded opacities (r=0.39, p<0.01) and were not correlations with the score of other radiograpic findings.
4. In the ralationship between LZM values in sera and the data of various pulmonary function tests in the group of pneomoconiosis, there was significant negative correlation with only the values of V₂₅/H/pre (r=-0.21, p<0.01).
5. There were no significant differences in LZM values between subjects with and without subjective symptomes (e. g. dyspnea, cough, sputum) in PR 3 or PR4.
6. The correlation between LZM and ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) values in sera of subjects with pneumoconiosis was significantly recognized (r=0.43, p<0.01).
7. LZM values in sera were not related with the years of occupational exposure in the group of pneomoconiosis.

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An epidemiological study was carried out on diabetes mellitus (DM: 9th ICD rubrics 250.0-250.9) mentioned on the death certificates in the coastal area of the Yatsushiro Sea for the 1953-81 period.
The number of DM mentioned was 1, 057 for males and 1, 003 for females which accounted for 1.52% and 1.63% of all causes of death (132, 505), respectively. The percentage increased from 0.47 percent in 1953-57 to 3.21% in 1978-81. Underlying cause of death by DM was 403 (0.58%) for males and 461 (0.75%) for females.
The percent distribution of both underlying DM and mentioned DM showed a bimodal curve with the highest peaks at ages 20-24 and 60-64.
The percent distributions of underlying cause (or mentioned) DM were as follows: DM without mention of complication 49.2% (77.2%), DM with coma 11.3% (5.1%), DM with renal manifestations 7.2% (3.3%), DM with other specified manifestations 31.8% (13.5%) and others 0.4% (0.8%). The proportions of DM with renal and DM with other specified manifestations increased in recent years, while DM without mention of complication decreased.
The proportion of underlying cause DM among DM mentioned depends upon the number of DM without mention of complication. Its over-all frequency was generally higher in females than in males. DM with complications tended to be coded as underlying cause with high frequency.
Sex ratio was high for underlying cause DM and low for mentioned DM but it depended on the types of DM.
Age distribution of DM generally showed that there was a low peak at ages 20-24 and relatively a high peak at ages 70-74. Proportion of deaths over 45 years of age was responsible for more than 90 percent of all causes of death.
This study also showed the potential value of multiple causes of death coding in analyses of mortality from DM.

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