All issues
Volume 41 (1986 - 198･･･
- Issue 6 Pages 871-
- Issue 5 Pages 793-
- Issue 4 Pages 723-
- Issue 3 Pages 617-
- Issue 2 Pages 539-
Volume 41, Issue 4
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Yukio Hirai, Tohru Hasegawa, Katsumaro Tomokuni1986 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 723-731
Published: October 31, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGroundwater around Saga city was characterized by determining anionic surfactants, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, silicic acid, phosphates, nitrite and nitrate, ammonia, sodium, magnesium, calcium, and iron in thirty nine samples of well water.
The remarkable increase in concentrations of both sodium and magnesium from the northern to the southern areas of Saga city suggested the permeation of sea water from Ariake sea located in the south of Saga city. Correspondingly, there was also a remarkable increase in concentrations of inorganic nutrients such as phosphates and ammonia. Nitrite and nitrate concentrations were low, and ammonia and iron concentrations were relatively high in well waters in the southern part of Saga city. This fact indicated that the groundwater in this area existed in a highly anaerobic condition. Concentration of anionic surfactants was generally low. However some well water showed possible contamination of anionic surfactants. Neither trichloroethylene nor tetrachloroethylene was detected.View full abstractDownload PDF (1159K) -
Hideaki Toyoshima, Shuji Hashimoto, Kazushi Okamoto, Kiyoshi Maeda, Ki ...1986 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 732-740
Published: October 31, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the effects of daily ingested nutrients on serum levels of HDL constituents, amounts of daily food intake for three consecutive days were measured and serum levels of HDL-cholesterol and apolipoproteins A-I (abbreviated as apo A-I) and A-II (abbreviated as apo A-II) were determined for 48 subjects living in a local community.
Mean HDL cholesterol level was significantly lower in type IIB (46.8±8.3mg/dl, p<0.05) and IV (40.9±9.9mg/dl, p<0.001) hyperlipoproteinemics, accompanied with hypertriglyceridemia, than in normolipoproteinemics (56.4±8.8mg/dl). However, the apo A-I levels were the same as normal (146.8±14.7mg/dl) and apo A-II levels, higher in types IIA and IV than in normal. These findings suggest a different response of lipid and protein parts of HDL to ingested carbohydrates.
HDL cholesterol had a significant negative correlation to the amount of carbohydrate (r=-0.29, p<0.1) and protein (r=-0.34, p<0.05) daily ingested. Apo A-I and apo A-II had a significant negative correlation with carbohydrates (r=-0.51, p<0.01 and r=-0.31, p<0.1, respectively). However, when the intake of nutrients were expressed with the adequacy rate (amount ingested/amount recommended), which were adjusted for differences in individual sex, age, bodily constitution, and work load, HDL cholesterol lost the significant negative correlation with carbohydrate while apo A-I and apo A-II still retained or increased it.
Excessive intake of carbohydrates has been known to accelerate the catabolism of HDL. In our study, it was shown that the increase of daily carbohydrate intake within a normal range mainly decreased the serum apo A-I and A-II levels. Considering the function of HDL in removing cholesterol from peripheral tissues, it was suggested that the intake of carbohydrates might have important effects on the genesis and prevention of atherosclerotic diseases by affecting the constitution of HDL.View full abstractDownload PDF (1079K) -
Shuzo Kinoshita, Hiroomi Kakihira, Yumiko Ohya, Hiromichi Yui1986 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 741-745
Published: October 31, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of sodium nitrite (NaNO2) were tested on strips of the cardiac muscle prepared from the ventricles of male ICR mice 4, 16 and 78 week-old. The strips were immersed in Ringer solution containing 0.01% NaNO2 and action potentials evoked by repetitive electrical stimulation were recorded by means of conventional microelectrode recording. The results obtained were as follows.
1) In 4 week-old mice: No detectable difference was observed in the action potential responses evoked by 5Hz stimulation at 1.3V in the control (before treatment), treatment (with NaNO2) and recovery periods. At 10Hz, action potentials were evoked once every 2 stimuli in the control and once every stimuli in the treatment. At 20Hz, action potentials were evoked every 3rd stimulus in the control and once every 2nd stimulus in the treatment. The responses thus elevated did not return to the control level during the periods of recovery after wash out of the drug.
2) In 16 week-old mice: The responses were tested at 1.0V and found similar to that of the 4 week-old animals. However, they recovered appreciably during the wash out period.
3) In 78 week-old mice: Action potentials were normally evoked by 1.5V stimuli at 5Hz in the same way as 1) and 2), whereas 2.8V were needed at 10 and 20Hz in the treatment with the drug. The responses was elevated in the treatment, as in 1) and 2), and somewhat reduced in the wash out period.View full abstractDownload PDF (625K) -
Takashi Someya, Shiro Chihara, Tadao Tanabe1986 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 746-751
Published: October 31, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne hundred and forty-six strains of staphylococci were isolated from three exposed skin parts on the arm, forehead and crown of the head of 42 female junior college students. Isolated staphylococci were identified as the following ten species; S. aureus, S. simulans, S. xylosus, S. cohnii, S. haemolyticus, S. saprophyticus, S. warneri, S. hominis, S. capitis, S. epidermidis and unideitified staphylococci. Ninety-six percent of the isolated strains were coagulase negative staphylococci which were subdivided into 85% of S. epidermidis species group, 6% of S. saprophyticus species group and 3% of S. simulans as indicated by Kloos with the nuclear DNA homology of Staphylococcus species.
The sensitivity tests were carried out to isolated skin staphylococci with five antibacterial agents. PCG resistant staphylococci were 46 (32%) of 146 strains, but high PCG resistant strains were not isolated. Staphylococci resistant to four other agents, KM, DOXY, EM, and CP were 4 (2.7%), 12 (8.2%), 11 (7.5%), and 6 (4.1%) strains respectively, and 9 of the EM resistances and 2 of the CP resistances were high resistant strains of MIC≥100μg/ml.
The same staphylococci of 146 strains were reinvestigated with a distribution of drug resistance in the above ten species. Comparisons were attempted with three divided groups of staphylococcal species; 62 strains of S. epidermidis, 38 strains of S. capitis and 46 strains of the remaining eight species. PCG resistant strains were recognized in 44% of the S. epidermidis and 37% of the eight species, but PCG resistant S. capitis was only recognized in 5% of the tested strains, corresponding to 1/4-1/5 of the distribution ratios of the other two groups. Though KM resistant strains distributed in an equal ratio to each of the three groups, DOXY, EM, and CP resistant strains of S. epidermidis and S. capitis were only 1/3, 1/7 and 1/3 of the distribution ratios of eight species. These results suggest that drug resistances are not evenly acquired and transferred among the species of skin Staphylococcus.View full abstractDownload PDF (785K) -
Katsuyuki Murata, Shunichi Araki, Kazuhito Yokoyama1986 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 752-763
Published: October 31, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of a wide variety of ecological factors on sex and age-specific mortality rates from five major and from all malignant neoplasms in 46 Japanese prefectures were analyzed by stepwise regression analysis twice with a 5-year interval. The major risk factors identified in the two years were as follows: (1) urban residence for malignant neoplasms of the stomach, lung, breast and uterus in elderly women, and for all malignant neoplasms in elderly men and women (and middle-aged women); (2) rural residence for leukemia and all malignant neoplasms in middle-aged men and for leukemia in girls of school age; (3) low income for malignant neoplasm of the uterus in middle-aged and elderly women, for malignant neoplasm of the lung in middle-aged women and elderly men, and for all malignant neoplasms in elderly men; and (4) the old age factor for malignant neoplasm of the stomach in middle-aged men, for leukemia in young girls, and for all malignant neoplasms in young and elderly men. Mortality rates from all malignant neoplasms in elderly men, together with those from malignant neoplasm of the lung and leukemia, significantly increased between 1970 and 1975. Age-adjusted mortality rates from malignant neoplasms of the lung, breast and uterus, and all malignant neoplasms in urban areas within the 46 prefectures surveyed, were significantly higher than those in rural areas in the two years.View full abstractDownload PDF (1177K) -
Hidekazu Hiraike, Mieko Kimura, Yoshinori Itokawa1986 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 764-768
Published: October 31, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEndogenous K vitamins (VKs) in human placentae were detected and identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorometric detection using post-column reduction. Phylloquinone (K1) and menaquinones (K2: MK-4, 6, 7) were found in human placentae.
The recovery rates of this assay were assessed by adding known amounts of VKs to the sample. Between 60% and 65% of added K1 and MK-4, 6, 7 were recoverd from the placentae by this assay method.
The mean placenta concentration of K1 in 13 normal placenta with normal diet was 1.22ng/g (range: 0.55-2.29), MK-4 was 1.14ng/g (range: 0.38-2.04), MK-6 was 0.13ng/g (range: not detected-0.61), MK-7 was 1.04ng/g (range: 0.36-2.55). These data were corrected by recovery rates. The detection limits of K1 and MK-4 in placentae were 0.1ng/g, and those of MK-6 and MK-7 were 0.2ng/g.
Two pregnant women ate fermented soybeans (NATTO) on alternate days for one month before delivery. Their placentae contained a high density of MK-7 (6.69 and 14.95ng/g), because MK-7 is abundant in fermented soybeans.
These results may be helpful to elucidate the cause of a neonatal hemorrhagic disease occuring two or three days after birth which appears to be at least in part responsive to vitamin K therapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (571K) -
Kenji Murakami, Keitaro Nishiyama, Tomihiko Higuti1986 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 769-774
Published: October 31, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRats fed a diet containing 5% dibutyl phthalate (DBP) for 35 to 45 days revealed growth depression, liver enlargement and testicular atrophy. These effects were accompanied by inhibited respiration in liver mitochondria. This inhibition was caused by the decrease of succinate and pyruvate dehydrogenases activities rather than by the inhibition in the other respiratory redox components, in the coupling process or in the energy-transfer process. Such inhibitory effect was also observed in vitro, where nealy the same inhibitory potency as that found in vivo, occurred at a concentration less than 100μM DBP for the respiration and 150μM DBP for the dehydrogenase activities. The present study also showed that DBP can be easily taken up into the matrix of mitochondria and that it directly affects succinate dehydrogenase without altering the transport system for succinate.View full abstractDownload PDF (721K) -
Kenji Murakami, Keitaro Nishiyama, Tomihiko Higuti1986 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 775-781
Published: October 31, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRats were given a powder diet containing dibutyl phthalate (DBP), monobutyl phthalate (MBP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) or phthalic acid (PA) at a level of 0.5 or 5% for 34 to 36 days, respectively. The rats treated with a 5% diet of DBP, MBP or DEHP revealed growth depression, liver enlargement, testicular atrophy, decreased activities of succinate and pyruvate dehydrogenases in liver mitochondria, and abnormal changes in biochemical tests of serum and in histological examinations of the liver and testicle. These adverse effects were also observed in rats fed a 0.5% diet of these compounds, although they were less severe. On the other hand, PA had no effect, even at a 5% concentration in the diet.
The changes in hepatocellular ultrastructure were more prominent in rats treated with DBP than in those given MBP. The most striking difference between DBP and MBP was that DBP showed a potent inhibitory effect on succinate dehydrogenase activity in liver mitochondria in vitro, wherease MBP showed no such effect. This difference was also observed in liver mitochondrial respiration in vitro.
It was suggested that the adverse effects of orally administered DBP at least on the liver may be caused partly by the direct action of intact DBP entering the liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (698K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|