巻号一覧
63 巻 (2008)
- 4 号 p. 699-
- 3 号 p. 617-
- 1 号 p. 5-
63 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
総説
-
野村 卓生, 甲田 宗嗣, 重森 健太, 吉本 好延, 佐藤 厚2008 年 63 巻 3 号 p. 617-627
発行日: 2008年
公開日: 2008/06/13
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of this study was to summarize the approaches to behavior modification for exercise from the viewpoint of preventive medicine. Articles were searched according to the particular field of preventive medicine, i.e., primary prevention, secondary prevention, tertiary prevention, and other fields of prevention. In the field of primary prevention for elderly people living at home, many fall prevention programs were found to have been carried out. In these studies, various programs were found to be effective if the exercise proved to be sufficient. Although some approaches were observed to be based on the productive aging theory and social capital, the number of such studies was small. In the field of secondary prevention, illness and functional disorders are prevented from becoming worse. It is therefore important for each individual to exercise by himself/herself and also acquire sufficient self-monitoring skills. Social capital is useful for learning good exercise habits. In the field of tertiary prevention, although exercise therapy is effective for improving physical functions and preventing disease recurrence in patients with chronic disease, some patients nevertheless find it difficult to continue such an exercise therapy. The approaches to behavior modification were extremely effective for patients with chronic disease. In other fields of preventive medicine, daily exercises such stair climbing are effective methods for reducing the risk of chronic disease and such a behavior modification may lead to a considerable public health gain. In the future, further studies with a many lines of evidence should be performed, and approaches based on behavioral science should be established.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (686K)
原著
-
網中 雅仁, 近藤 雅雄, 高田 礼子, 山内 博, 池田 真紀, 吉田 勝美2008 年 63 巻 3 号 p. 628-635
発行日: 2008年
公開日: 2008/06/13
ジャーナル フリーWe sought to establish a causal relationship between oxidative stress and porphyria in patients and carriers. We reported changes in urinary porphyrin concentrations related to 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine.
Methods: We measured urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine concentration in porphyria patients and carriers with multifactorial inheritance as a possible marker of attack. The porphyria types included 10 patients with porphyria cutanea tarda, 5 with variegate porphyria, 8 with hereditary coproporphyria, 7 with congenital erythropoietic porphyria, 5 with erythropoietic protoporphyria, 5 with acute intermittent porphyria, 7 erythropoietic protoporphyria carriers, and 7 acute intermittent porphyria carriers.
Results: Urinary porphyrin concentrations in these patients were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects (p<0.001). Urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine concentrations were significantly high in dermatopathy porphyria types namely porphyria cutanea tarda (p<0.001), variegate porphyria (p<0.05), hereditary coproporphyria (p<0.05), congenital erythropoietic phyria (p<0.05), and erythropoietic protoporphyria (p<0.001).
Conclusion: These results reveal that urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine concentration in cutis porphyria types is a good predictor of attack and abatement.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (850K) -
―性およびライフステージによる検討―熊谷 幸恵, 森岡 郁晴, 吉益 光一, 冨田 容枝, 宮井 信行, 宮下 和久2008 年 63 巻 3 号 p. 636-641
発行日: 2008年
公開日: 2008/06/13
ジャーナル フリーObjective: To investigate the relationships of self-reported physical health, social and spiritual satisfactions with subjective mental health according to gender and life stage.
Methods: Self-reported questionnaires with questions regarding subjective health status and lifestyles were sent to 1905 community residents aged 20 years or older selected by random sampling in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. Subjective mental health, physical health, social and spiritual satisfactions as measures of subjective health status were assessed using a visual analogue scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationships between the subjective mental health and the other three components of the subjective health status with adjustment for life style factors related to the subjective mental health in the subjects without missing values of relevant factors (n=1,752). The subjects were divided into three life stages depending on their ages: young (20–39), middle (40–59), and old (60 or more).
Results: Overall, the poor statuses of the three components, namely, physical health, social and spiritual satisfactions, were significantly associated with poor mental health in both genders at any life stage. However, detailed analysis revealed some interesting characteristics. In young men, social dissatisfaction was strongly associated with poor mental health whereas spiritual dissatisfaction in addition to social dissatisfaction was strongly associated with poor mental health in young women. In the middle aged group, both social and spiritual dissatisfactions were strongly associated with poor mental health in both genders. On the other hand, poor physical health status was strongly associated with poor mental health in the old aged group.
Conclusions: These results suggest the importance of the mental health interventions under consideration for each life stage and gender.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (543K) -
高橋 珠実, 新井 淑弘, 原 美智子, 大島 喜八, 小屋 佐久次, 山西 哲郎2008 年 63 巻 3 号 p. 642-650
発行日: 2008年
公開日: 2008/06/13
ジャーナル フリーObjectives: The health benefits of resistance training for women have been well documented. However, few investigations have been reported on the immune responses to resistance training among young people. To determine the effects of resistance training on natural killer cell activity (NKCA) in young people, a study was conducted among healthy female university students.
Methods: The study was conducted with 22 healthy non athlete female university students (aged 19.8±1.3 years) who volunteered to participate in the study. Six women were assigned to exercise group (a) that carried out resistance training five or six times a week, another six women were assigned to exercise group (b) that carried out resistance training three or four times a week, and the remaining ten comprised, the control group (non exercise group). The exercise groups carried out resistance training for both the upper and lower parts of the body using ankle and wrist weights for 8 weeks. Blood samples were obtained at the onset of the study (before the start of any activity in the exercise groups) and at the conclusion of the training (8 weeks later) in order to determine NKCA. A physical fitness test and a muscle strength test were conducted on the subjects to assess the strength of the upper and lower parts of the body, muscular endurance, and flexibility.
Results: The mean NKCA at the conclusion of the training showed a significant increase in exercise group (b), even though there was no significant difference in NKCA in the non exercise group or in exercise group (a) between before and after the training. An improvement in physical fitness and muscle strength was observed in exercise group (a) and exercise group (b).
Conclusions: This study showed that resistance training improved physical fitness, muscle strength, and NKCA in young female subjects. Regarding the effects of exercise frequency on NKCA, this study suggests that exercise carried out three of four times a week might be associated with an increase in NKCA.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (547K)
資料
-
坂巻 弘之, 北澤 健文, 武藤 孝司2008 年 63 巻 3 号 p. 651-661
発行日: 2008年
公開日: 2008/06/13
ジャーナル フリーObjectives: In this study, analysis was performed with the objective of clarifying the incidence of lifestyle-related diseases and related complications and its medical expenses.
Methods: A random sample population of people insured under government-managed health insurance in Mie Prefecture, Japan, who had undergone annual health examinations in 1993, 1998, and 2003, and who had incurred medical costs in 2003 was analyzed. The relationship between the results of health examinations in 1993 and medical costs in 2003 was investigated by examining 2,165 individuals whose data were available. The relationship between medical costs and risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipemia, cerebrovascular disease, and ischemic heart disease was examined by analysis of covariance adjusted by sex and age.
Results: There was a higher doctor consultation rate for diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipemia after 10 years among people presenting with high Body Mass Index, blood pressure, serum lipid, and plasma glucose.
Conclusions: It was shown that there is a relationship of having lifestyle-related diseases and related complications with doctor consultation rate and medical expenditure.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (673K)
論壇
-
村田 勝敬2008 年 63 巻 3 号 p. 662
発行日: 2008年
公開日: 2008/06/13
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (148K)
フロンティアレポート
-
「ナノ粒子の測定法および気相中ナノ粒子の現状」藤谷 雄二, 平野 靖史郎2008 年 63 巻 3 号 p. 663-669
発行日: 2008年
公開日: 2008/06/13
ジャーナル フリーThe mass concentrations of airborne particles in the atmospheric, indoor, and industrial environments are regulated by air quality standards. Epidemiological studies show that there are significant positive correlations between particle mass concentrations and adverse health effects. In this context nanoparticles in the air, which are defined as particles with a diameter (Dp) of less than 50 nm or 100 nm for engineered ones, are gaining increasing attention despite a small contribution to the mass of total airborn particles. Contrary to the mass concentration the number concentrations of atmospheric nanoparticles are quite high in most cases. Moreover there is limited toxicological information on nanoparticles, although the deposition rate of nanoparticles in the respiratory region is known to be relatively high. Accordingly there are a lot of debates about what metric is best to depict the size distribution of nanoparticles, number, surface area, or mass. In this paper, we report methods for measurement of nanoparticles on the basis of those metrics.
We also report sources of nanoparticle in the environment and occupational settings. The high number concentration of nanoparticles of 20–30 nm modal diameters have been documented at roadsides. Diesel-powered vehicles are major sources of those nanoparticles in the urban atmosphere. Engineered nanoparticles generate in some occupational settings in the handling processes such as bagging and cleaning with vacuum cleaners.
抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (524K)
衛生学基礎講座シリーズ
-
本田 靖2008 年 63 巻 3 号 p. 670-672
発行日: 2008年
公開日: 2008/06/13
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (277K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|