人文地理

景觀と生態

植物地理学と人文地理学についての考察 (1)

野間三郎

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 467-475,544
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.467

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The Method of Human Geography has close relation to that of Plant Geography. Far from that when Plant Geography had been built up dy the botanists, the splendid method has deen originated and making the rapid progress.
It was V. de la Brache who took this problem up consciously. Prof. Iizuka emphasised this when he introduced Vidal de la Brache into our country.
The method of Plant Geography is included, into that of Human Geography, of which we has not been aware. Since “Geography as Human Ecology” had appeared in America this has been made clear. A current of geography after Plant Geography did not consider this view, and so yet we have many problems about it. Social method and ecological method have been introduced into our geography these years. But it is necessary to understand this tendecy with a system of the 20th centuies-geography, I think. The report is a memorondum in relation to this view, which is one of the continuous report of my “Idea and Landscape of the Areal Plan.” (RITSUMEIKAN BUNGAKU, Aug. 1950) I am intending to point out that Landscape Geography and Human Geography do not deny mutually, but are in the same current.

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高知縣の水稻二期作の成立

山崎修

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 476-490,544
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.476

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Twice crops of rice a year appeared in the middle of the Edo era owing to the favorable climatic condition to make for the staple food. But a period of decadence set in the end of Edo era and early in the Meiji due to the poor cultivation and the difficulty of the gradeimprovement. Since the middle of Meiji at the first crop the Kinugasa-wasa had been planted from the end of March to the end of July and at the second crop the Hayakawa shu had deen planted from early in August to early in Novemder. And from early in Taisho the management has been kept eqilibrium. Those days the twice crops a year was cultivated on the seashore plains but early in Showa it has been limited to the Kochi-Aki Plain, due to labor problem.
For the twice crops of rice a year the climatic condition is essetial. It can be cultivated by utilization of the possible-climate, optimatic climate and the sunshiny-hour for grow and distribution of the Typhoon. The latter is the direct motive especially. Topography is the second condition. In Kochi Prefecture the rice-farm is scanty due to the mountainious topography, so the intesity of the rice-farm is very high. This geve impitus to appearance of the twice crops of rice a year. But the grade is low, and the fertilizer and the lador are much required. So there is a tendenoy that the second crop has changed in to the realization crop. The agricultural management of the twice crops of rice a year is changing its areal character. The growing area was most large and the crop was high in 7-8th of Showa.

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九州山地における燒畑經營隔絶山村の研究 (第1報)

熊本県球磨郡五木村の焼畑小作

三浦保寿

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 491-503,545
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.491

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Primitive agricultural management of “Yakihata” Cultiuation still exists in some mountaineous area in Kyushu. Itsugi-mura in Kuma-gun, Kumamoto-ken which lies in the bosom of the Kyushu mountains is also one of the good examples. “Yakihata” have a general tendency of being difficult to conceive their actual state as they are scattered among the steep mountaineous areas and that they have a tendency to shift every 4 or 5 years. According to the description of 1794 (the 6th year of Kansei) which still remains at Izuruha, Itsugi-mura, 99.7% of the arable land of this village was “Yakihata”. Also according to the description remaining at Mizonokuchi, Itsugi-mura dated 1874 (the 7th year of Meiji), the acreage of “Yakihata” ammounts to 88% of the whole arable land. Such being the case, the tenants on these farm-lands till the “Yakihata.” At Izuruha, only one out of the 17 households is a landlord and the others are tenants. The usage of payment may be called physical labour, so in order to pay the rent, the tenants must work for the landlord during snch days as requested by him beforehand. The time of labour is fixed on the so-called busy farming season. This is because the landlord himself also runs a farm. As to the tenants, their sacrifices are greater than at the time of their leisure. The amount of labour of the landlord here in the year of 1946 numbered 310 days. It seems that payment of rent in crops or in cash bocomes object of income tax, while this physical labour does not. This is because the system is organized so cleverly that to get the clear view of this is difficult and because taxvtion officials seldom detect the real situation, Accordingly this “Yakihata” tenant system includes a remarkable irrational element from the economical point of view, and are concluded as a genuine feudalistie usage. The reason why such a fact still exists in these area is complicated, but the main points are:
(1) that they had no opportunity of changing human labour into monney, as these areas are situated in isolated rlates and the means of transportation is inconvenient.
(2) that the feudalistic relation between master and servant originating in history is strong and the relation which resembled the lord and subjects of the medieval age remains among the landlord and the tenants.

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オーストラリアにおける基準賃銀制度

その経済地理的意義

河地貫一

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 504-513
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.504

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戦後の東亜米作地域(A.D.C.ペターソン)

海野一隆

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 514-516
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.514

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コスタ・リカのバナナ産業の発達(C.F.ジョーンズ,P.C.モリソン)

數井良雄

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 516-518
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.516

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ローマン・リビア(R.G.グッドチャイルド)

藤岡謙二郎

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 518-521
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.518

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メラネシアの経済と,原始共産主義理論(B.マリノフスキー)

石川榮吉

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 521-522
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.521

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第17回國際地理學會議出席報告

今村学郎

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 523-528
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.523

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書評能登志雄著『聚落の地理』

景観論的方法による聚落地理の研究

藤岡謙二郎

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 528-532
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.528

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W.ライムバッハ:ソ連の自然・民族・経済

藪内芳彦

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 532-536
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.532

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W.C.アリー,K.P.シュミット:生態学的動物地理学

辻田右左男

1953 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 536-542
発行日: 1953/02/28
公開日: 2009/04/30

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.4.536

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