Along the coastal region on the eastern shore of Awaji Island, as of 1965, the horticulture of flowering plants a total of 19ha. has been distributed, as follows: a greenhouse of 9.9ha., a travelling greenhouse of 4.8ha, and a vinyl-house 4.4ha. The first of the subjects for study, as products of the Awaji Island, should be the formative factors of grouping greenhouses in horticulture regions close to a large city-in this case, Osaka. The second is to make a survey of the characteristics of the regions, especially greenhouse horticulture in Awaji Island; and then to study what specific characters influenced horticulture there.
The greenhouse horticulture areas of Awaji Island are characterized by carnation cultivation. The characteristics of greenhouse horticulture in this area are, in addition, not only manifested by greenhouse construction and a method of floriculture, but also by the regional landscape, land utilization, and the management of agriculture extending over the whole land under floriculture. Constructed greenhouse types which are called “travelling greenhouses” are a method peculiar to this area. The areas under carnation cultivation are covered by the travelling greenhouses with glazed doors from November to April in the cold season, but are removed every year in these areas under carnation cultivation.
The elements of regional formation in this area are not only well situated in mild winter, but terms are advantageous to the districts which stand close to a largescale market. There is also a close relation with the farm-houses which are based on the small land ownership of paddy fields. Besides, the land under cultivation drains well and is blessed with a sprinkling of water. Development of shelf rice fields has become the main promoting condition.
Before the war, Awaji Island, standing close to a metropolitan city was an area of vegetable horticulture stands. The change into a region of greenhouse horticulture for flowering plants has resulted in competition for products between truck and garden farmings. This is a nation-wide tendency. By development of the travelling greenhouse, floriculture is rapidly being popularized. The horticulture of the flowering plants in Awaji Island has richly enlarged the scale of flower-growing land through the competition between producing districts.

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Sawn timber is the most important forest product of Japan. Its main consuming areas are the big cities, especially Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya, which consume 30% of its national production. There are differences among these three large consuming cities: both Tokyo and Osaka have been the leading import centers of sawn timber since prewar time, Nagoya, in prewar days, was a place where round timber was made into loards, millers, and so on. They are mainly made of Sugi (Cryptemerica Japonica D. Don) and Hinoki (Chamaecryparis Obtusa S. et Z.). Since the end of the war, however, Nagoya has become an importing port of sawn timber, like Tokyo and Osaka.
The object of this paper is as follows: 1) To clasify the areal supply and demand relationship of sawn timber between the Nagoya market and its surrounding production area, 2) To analyse the time and space factors affecting this relationship, and 3) To delimit the supply area of sawn timber to Nagoya.
The results obtained are the following.
1) Before World war II, Nagoya was one of the main production areas of sawn timber, large amount of which was exported to other large markets, namely to Tokyo and Osaka. Since the war, the demand at Nagoya for sawn timber has increased with its urban growth. Nagoya depends on the importation of sawn timber from other regions, and plays the role of a big market for such regions. Thus, in postwar time, the supply area of sawn timber at Nagoya has been newly established. This area constiutes of mainly Aichi, Gifu, and Mie prefefectures, and the parts nearest to Nagoya of both Nagano and Wakayama prefectures.
2) Now, the demand of sawn timber at Nagoya is greater than the production. Between pre-and post-war times, the sawn timber production of Nagoya declined; three reasons for this decline are:
a) Production cost of sawn timber at Nagoya became higher than surrounding producting places, because of the advanced cost of labour and saw material.
b) Development of traffic facilities, especially improvement of road net works, concentrating on Nagoya.
c) Change of the circulation system of sawn timber.
Before the war, several factors had power to fix the price of sawn timber at the Nagoya market; they were buyers of round timber as well as owners of big sawn timber mills at Nagoya and supplied round timber to other smaller mills. In war time, government put sawn timber under state control, and curbed the power of price-making. Moreover, war disasters and inflation in early postwar years caused much damage to the factors system. Since 1955, four open timber markets have been established at Nagoya city. Now the price of sawn timber is reasonably settled at these markets. Such a change in the price-making system of sawn timber encourages lower cost-production areas outside the city to take advantage of inter-regional competition at the Nagoya market.
3) Lower cost production areas outside of Nagoya city supplies sawn timber to the Tokyo and Osaka markets as well as to Nagoya. In prewar time, however, the principal markets of these areas were Tokyo in the east, and Osaka in the west. In these areas, even today, there are differences in the market regions to which local sawn timber is supplied; large scale mills with high productivity supply their products, mainly to Tokyo. On the contrary, small mills with low productivity supply Nagoya. Hamamatsu, Tenryu, Owase and Shingu, which consist mainly of large mills, supply Tokyo. Toyohashi and Matsuzaka, which consist mainly of small mills, send their timber to Nagoya. These differences could be explained by the fact that the market price in Nagoya is lower than Tokyo, and, because the distance to Nagoya is shorter than to Tokyo, which affects transportation costs.

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