巻号一覧
4 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1～13を表示しています
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松井 武敏1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 175-183,279
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリー(1) In order to clarify the nature of geography, it is necessary (a) to interpret it epistemologically, or methodologically, (b) to expound it from the standpoint of historical development, and (c) to examine it on the basis of real studies. The present essay deals with the nature of geography mainly from the first point of View above mentioned.
(2) Science can be classified in to abstract and concrete sciences. Concrete science is further divided into sciences of time and space. Geography is a science of space which belongs to the category of conrete science. The Character of geography lies in the investigation and studying of the structure of a region in the concrete.
(3) A region is a unity that is realized on the surface of the earth with which different phenomena are associated. It is a collective object having its own structure and exists in a different dimension from each seprate phenomenon. It forms an object of study peculiar to geography.
(4) “To investigate the structure of region means to understand a region not as a simply united whole but as a compound whole made up of elements, and to grasp mechanism of such a make-up. What is characterisitc of geography in the most recent times is that the structure of a region is made clear functionally and the mutual relations of elements composing the whole are grasped in a numerical manner. In the understanding of the structure of a region, the most important subject of study is a correlation between nature and cultural phenomena. The ascertaining of how the component elements are distributed will prove essential in such a study.
(5) By studying the structure of a region in the concrete is meant not only that a region is grasped mechanistically on basis of real facts but that a structure which is not be thoroughly understood in such a manner is clarified concretely. In this study the historical consideration plays an important role.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (971K) -
菊地 利夫1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 184-197,280
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーThis study deals with the Shinden developed on the sand-bar at the lower Tone about 350 years ago. The author tried to illustrate the three items as follows, (1) the political-geographical meaning of this Shindien, (2) characteristics of the Shinden developed on the sand-bar of the river influenced by the river (3) the structuce of the village and the process of its disorganization.
(1) The Tokugawa Clan permitted the hermits to develop the Shinden on the sand-bar of the lower Tone, the boundary with the territory of the Satake Clan. They were a group of the defeated Samurai (Japanese knights) who had fled to the Tokugawa Clan, losing their lands in the Satake Clan. The Tokugawa Clan made use of them for the match of the boundary, betwen the territory of the clan and that of the Satake Clan. Therefore, the Tokugawa sustained the Jurokushima Shinden when a dispute arose betwen the Tokugawa Clan and the Satake Clan.
(2) The Jurokushima Shinden was developed to be fit for the characteristics of the Tone. As the Tone was influenced by the tide, in the rice-field developed on the sand-bar natural irrigation and drainage perfomed in accordance with flow and ebb. At first only the village was surrounded by the bank to provide against the flood but later the Tone overflowed its banks so often that the banks were built around not only the villages but also the arable lands, and water flowed in and out through the sluices.
(3) As it was difficult to call for the new settlers, the structure of the village in the Shinden contracted for by the trademen. A hermit owned the arable land for 5 or 6 persons, which was distributed generally among some new settlers. According to this proportions in dividing lands, grass for manure were also allotted. But as the system of owning lands fell in disorder, this proportions came to de disregarded. And, it was poor peasants who required the change of the proprtions in distribution. The more often floods happened, and the more difficult life became, the more eagerly this claim was repeated. Thus, the proportions in distributing lands or daily necessities could be changed, and yet poor peasants had to cultivate the hermits lands in the system of statute labour as before.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1561K) -
文化圏の成立契機への一試論石川 栄吉1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 198-211,281
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーTo bring the culture area into existence, we first need the cultural exchange in the area, but it is not enough for the existence of culture area. There must be also the uniformity of production systems, because the production system is the basic factor to form culture. Culture, however, is influenced by other cultural or natural conditions, too, so the culture area will not be brought into existence by only the cultural exchange and the uniformity of production systems. And still, as these two factors are indispensable, such cultural element as reflects the above two upon itself be the most suitable indicater to certify the existence of culture area. We can, therefore, think of the dwelling type as one of such indicaters.
(1) Beween the North Island, and the South Island up to north of Banks Peninsula, the dwelling type is same; each house is square, and has a veranda with a projecting roof and bothside wall in front of the house. Though the settlements which consist of these houses, include ordinary, ones called Kainga and the forts called Pa, the plan is prevailed through this area. These facts that the dwelling type did not grow independently in the area, but was formed by the cultnral exchange.
(2) When we see Grabstokbau was being carried on there. this area is distinguished from the southern part where people get their living by collecting or hunting. The production power by Grabstockbau is shown in the dwelling type above mentioned, too.
Thus Northcrn New Zealand and north of Banks Peninsula are regarded as one cultural area.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1506K) -
近藤 忠1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 212-217,282
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーPlace name of Tsushima has the special characteristics, which is different from that of near Iki Isl. and Goto Isl. Dan or Danyama is the name of the mountain. The plain on the top of a mountain is Yamandan. The saddle of a mountain is Togendan. The field in the mountain is danbaru or danbari. The mountain range is sone, keta and kuma. Sone means the rock pile in the sea at Iki Isl. Kuma means in usual the heart of a mountain or the small basin along the river, but it means the top of a mountain at Tsushima Koba is the place name of the land under cultivation relating to the burning cultivation field. The valley is called sale, Kubo udou wada and wami are also used. At Iki Isl. wada means the small settlement. The field is baru or bari. There is little connection between the place of name Tsushima and that of Iki Isl. or Gotto Isl., we think.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (616K) -
西村 嘉助1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 217-222
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (454K) -
齋藤 叶吉, 須藤 久穂1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 222-228
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (631K) -
武州・王禅寺の場合山崎 謹哉1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 228-232
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (441K) -
浮田 典良1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 233-242
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (929K) -
兼子 俊一1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 242-244
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (289K) -
末尾 至行1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 244-253
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
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樋口 節夫1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 253-256
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
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由比 濱省吾1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 256-259
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (390K) -
成立と地域的拡がりに関して米国農村社会学の成果から木地 節郎1952 年 4 巻 3 号 p. 260-275
発行日: 1952/07/30
公開日: 2009/04/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1525K)
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