人文地理
Online ISSN : 1883-4086
Print ISSN : 0018-7216
ISSN-L : 0018-7216
53 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1~8を表示しています
  • 長野県坂城町のバラ生産を事例に
    両角 政彦
    2001 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 407-429
    発行日: 2001/10/28
    公開日: 2009/04/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The objective of this paper is to clarify the nature of restructuring in the flowering plant production areas engaged in agricultural assistance projects sponsored by the government. This research focuses on the relationship between production areas and farmers in terms of the effects on the structure of the flowering plant market.
    1) Structural changes in the rose market possess a special character in the sense that innovations in rose culturing technology have proceeded at a faster rate compared with other flowering plants. Although roses are shipped throughout the year to all parts of Japan, it is expected that other flowering plants will follow a similar pattern. The introduction of facilities for rose production has directed farmers towards management involving even higher costs.
    2) If an assistance project for greenhouses had not been implemented in Sakaki town, Nagano Prefecture in the 1970s, Sakaki town may not have become a rose production area. However, there were also no problems involving the organization of a floricultural greenhouse cooperative or the need to bear joint responsibility during times of management hardship. In Sakaki town, the main body of production areas has shifted from local organizations to other farmers, including those in areas other than Sakaki town.
    3) From about 1995, rose farmers in Sakaki town began to be divided into a number of groups: those who decided to leave the floricultural greenhouse cooperative, those who continued to remain members, those who reduced the scale of their operations, new members and advanced farmers. Changes in the market structure did not allow farmers to grow and develop at the same rate. This represented a change from when farmers could join the floricultural greenhouse cooperative regardless of their management capabilities in the implementation of the assistance project.
    4) Even if the assistance project implemented in Sakaki town had some problems, farmers were forced to cope with the current market. Advanced farmers opening up markets using their own techniques have been able to utilize the greenhouses of farmers who left the floricultural greenhouse cooperative without large investments. In other words, the weeding out of farmers in production areas provided an opportunity for growth by advanced farmers.
    5) A new shipping cooperative comprising farmers having enthusiasm for management is important for Sakaki town to maintain its rose production areas. This type of autonomous effort is enabling producers to restructure production areas. It is thought that during the course of deploying agricultural policies in the future, it will be necessary to evaluate each production area after implementing the assistance projects with respect to farmers' attempts to create production areas on their own.
  • 近代期における観光空間の生産についての省察
    神田 孝治
    2001 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 430-451
    発行日: 2001/10/28
    公開日: 2009/04/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper examines the development process of Nanki-Shirahama Spa Resort, located in southern Wakayama Prefecture in the modern period, in terms of its association with images of other places. In this paper, an attempt is made to examine the triple relationships of "tourism", "otherness", and the "spatiality of capitalism", current concepts stemming from the "cultural turn".
    To understand the images of other places in tourism space, such images are characterized into two dimensions and their mutual relationship is analyzed. In the first dimension, the image of the tourism space as an "other" place contrasts with images of ordinary and familiar places. In the second dimension, images of geographically remote "other" places are evoked in the imagination. Thus, tourism space becomes the site of "other" encounters. Since the modern period is an age of globalism and nationalism, images which imply a connection to distant "other" places tend to evoke desires and idyllic thoughts and contribute to national identity, and are thus more suitable as the core image of tourism space than one which merely contrasts with ordinary images. In addition, liminal place-myths are more easily formed by this core ima ge through combining a set of images in tourism space.
    This study aims to further understand the relationship between images of other places and the material creation of tourism space. H. Lefebvre's work (1991) on the outline of space recognition in "The production of space" was therefore consulted. In short, the production of tourism space is treated as a triple dialectic of spatial practice, representation of space and space of representation. Using R. W. Butler's hypothesis (1980) of a tourist area cycle of evolution, three evolutionary stages of the modern tourism space are distinguished: exploration, involvement, and development. The relationship between the images of other places and the process of producing tourism space is considered for each stage.
    In the Nara Period, the beginning of the exploration stage in this tourism space, Emperors visited Muro-no-onyu, which was called the Yusaki or Shirahama spa, and was counted among the three oldest Japanese hot springs after the modern term. Later, it became popular with spa and sightseeing guests from the Kishu clan in the Edo era. In the early modern period, because it could be reached by ship, explorer-type tourists came from the city. At that time, the spa, renowned for its therapeutic qualities, was called the Yusaki hot spring.
    The involvement stage began in 1919, when the Shirahama Land Development Company built a resort. Created by Honda Seiroku, the father of the Japanese national park system, this development project was modeled after the German-created beach resort of Qingdao. The Shirahama Land Development Company utilised modern development techniques, such as digging hot springs, creating a road, cottage and park area, and constructing recreational facilities. The core "other" image of this tourism space was the whiteness of "Shira-ra-hama", a clean, white, sandy beach in Shirahama, because it contrasted with the dark images of cities caused by smoke and labor. This whiteness image evoked liminal place-myths, such as making love, curing the body and healing the mind by connecting with other whiteness images of a modern woman's skin and modern infrastructure. Because of these modern white images, many tourists experienced European and American geographical images, which evoked ideal modern culture or free love place-myths. However, these modern and occidental images also evoked images of the modernized city, the "ordinary" place, which is destructive to nature and the whiteness of the beach. Therefore, white and occidental images gradually became poor symbols of "other",
  • Chan Lee
    2001 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 452-454
    発行日: 2001/10/28
    公開日: 2009/04/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 2001 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 455-462
    発行日: 2001/10/28
    公開日: 2009/04/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 沖縄県恩納村を事例として
    上江洲 薫
    2001 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 463-476
    発行日: 2001/10/28
    公開日: 2009/04/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between land transactions by enterprises and their characteristic impacts on tourism developments in Onna-son as an example of a seaside resort during the period of the asset-inflated bubble economy in the latter half of the 1980s and the early part of the 1990s. The results of the analysis can be summarized as follows:
    Land transactions by enterprises in Onna-son increased as a result of the successful operation of the Manza Beach Hotel, which was opened in 1983. At that time, the peak of land transactions was not in the period of the asset-inflated bubble economy of the second half of the 1980s but was in about the mid-1980s. Land transactions in this period were handled by enterprises mostly on forested land in the mountains and on barren fields. The main purposes of such land transactions were aimed at tourism development and, at the same time, for land speculation.
    Enterprises outside of Okinawa Prefecture acquired land aggressively in Onna-son before and after 1972 when Okinawa reverted to Japan. However, local enterprises in Okinawa Prefecture belatedly acquired land aggressively from the beginning of the 1980s. In particular, most of the land transactions by local enterprises were observed in the middle of the 1980s. The main purpose of land transactions by local enterprises was for land speculation and for the development of condominiums. On the other hand, enterprises outside of Okinawa Prefecture developed beach resort hotels on the lands that were acquired before the period of the asset-inflated bubble economy.
    After the collapse of the bubble economy at the beginning of the 1990s, the number of land transactions and tourism developments by enterprises outside Okinawa Prefecture declined. On the other hand, local enterprises continued land transactions and tourism developments in Onna-son. There are three main causes for this difference in enterprise activities. The first is the expectation that the resort industry would be the leading industry in Okinawa Prefecture. The second is the availability of powerful local enterprises to meet such expectations to promote tourism development. The third is the business slump that followed the burst of the asset-inflated bubble economy which emerged rather late in Okinawa compared with the other Prefectures.
    Enterprises outside of Okinawa Prefecture dominated much of the large-scale tourism development. Thus, major enterprises outside of Okinawa Prefecture seemed to be taking the lead in tourism development in the Prefecture. However, compared with Prefectures in Kyushu, development by local enterprises was carried out aggressively. In particular, in Onna-son, much land transaction and tourism development by local enterprises has been confirmed. In Onna-son, much of the tourism development planned in the period of the asset-inflated bubble economy has been forced into project suspension due to the influence of the major recession and the enactment of the Onna-son Environment Protection Regulations in 1992, and so on. As a result, some local enterprises have been forced into a management crisis which has then resulted in bankruptcy.
  • 河角 龍典
    2001 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 477-493
    発行日: 2001/10/28
    公開日: 2009/04/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The Asuka-Fujiwara region contained the capital of Japan during A.D. 694-710. Many land developments have been carried out in this area over the past two thousand years. It is one of the most important areas in which to consider an analysis of the land development history of Japan. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between geo-environmental changes and land development process of the Asuka-Fujiwara region after the middle of the Yayoi Period. The study identifies five stages in the geo-environmental history of this region. These stages are closely related to land development and land-use change.
    The following results were obtained:
    (1) The middle of the Yayoi Period (B.C.1-A.D.2th c.); A natural levee was formed on the Asuka river basin during this period, followed by soil formation. This soil formation indicates the existence of a stable geo-environment at this stage. The Shibu archaeological site was developed on this dry geo-environment natural levee.
    (2) From the late Yayoi Period to the Kofun Period (A.D.2-6th c.); During this period, the back swamp was buried around the natural levee by sediments from the Asuka river floods. On account of this sedimentation, the natural levee located in the Shibu archaeological site became wetter than it was during the middle of the Yayoi Period. Paddy fields were also developed in this back swamp area during this period.
    (3) From the Asuka Period to the middle of the Heian Period (A.D.7-about A.D.10th c.); By the end of the Kofun Period, sediments from the Asuka river floods resulted in a completely flat landscape. Following this, The soil formation was occured on the floodplain, indicating that the area had become a stable environment during this stage. The development of the Fujiwara Capital and the Jori Grid Plan were constructed on the Asuka river floodplain during this period.
    (4) From the late Heian Period (A.D. 11th c.) to A.D.14th c.; The channel entrenchment that occurred along the Asuka river led to the formation of a Holocene terrace by A.D.12th c. This entrenchment made the floodplain small, and transformed the terrace geo-environment from wet to dry. Paddy fields on the Holocene terrace were abandoned because of this environmental change. As a result, these cultivated lands, including Hida-sho, were later redeveloped by Sho-en developers.
    (5) After A.D. 15th c.; Active sedimentation after A.D. 15th c. produced a natural levee along the Asuka river. This active sedimentation and the building of embankments led to the formation of a raised bed river on the natural levee zone of the Asuka river basin.
  • 2001 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 494-503
    発行日: 2001/10/28
    公開日: 2009/04/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 香川 貴志
    2001 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 503-505
    発行日: 2001/10/28
    公開日: 2009/04/28
    ジャーナル フリー
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