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Volume 24, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Starch-gel Electrophoretic PatternNobuhiko Taniguchi, Kazuo Sakata1977 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 1-11
Published: July 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMuscle protein patterns of Japanese and European crucian carp were investigated by the starch-gel electrophoretic method.The pattern was affected by the factors such as the quality of starch, the starch-concentration of gel, and pH of both gel- and electrode-buffer.The favorable condition was determined for obtaining the patterns which will clearly demonstrate inter- and intra-specific variations.Under the most favorable condition, the patterns of crucian carp collected from the selected localities from taxonomical point of view were classified into 4 types; Type I represented by four subspecies of Carassius buergeri, Type II represented by C.langsdorfii, Type III represented by C.cuvieri, and Type IV represented by C.carassius from Europe.Type I was further divided into three subtypes controlled by two codominant alleles A and B.The frequency of allele A of Carassius buergeri varied between 0-1.00.Type II was also divided into four subtypes which were not considered to share the same gene pool.Type II-1 was dominant in the lake Kasumigaura, and Type II-2 was dominant in the waters of western Japan.The pattern of Carassius carassius (Type IV) had some similarity with that of C.buergeri buergeri (Type I).View full abstractDownload PDF (14451K) -
Mitsuo Sato1977 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 12-16
Published: July 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHistological structures of cutaneous processes on the head of the fringed blenny and Hemitripterus villosus were compared with that of the barbels of fish.The cutaneous processes are very similar to the barbel in microscopic constituents but with the following difference that the former lacks both a supporting axial rod and a network of blood vessels in core of the dermis.Accordingly, this process seems to be useful as a feeler in recognition of food.In H.villosus, a covering layer, presumably a cuticle, overlies the outer surface of the epidermis of the cutaneous process which may be called multifid cutaneous flap.The nature and source of the covering layer material require further researches.That most of the terminal buds found in the epidermis of the multifid flap are remarkably taller than those buried in the ordinary head skin except the multifid flaps and that their summit attains nearly to the superficial boundary of the covering layer may probably be correlated with the presence of this layer.View full abstractDownload PDF (6481K) -
Yoshiharu Honma, Seiji Shioda, Sumio Yoshie1977 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 17-25
Published: July 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe role of the thyroid gland of the diadromous threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, was studied in relation to the life history of the fish.The activity of the gland is high at the earlier period of ascending the river, while the activity is low in the sea.In the spawning season, an indication of exhaustion of the gland is seen, and the further regressive change occurs in the postspawning spent fish.The thyroid of juvenile fish caught near the spawning bed reveals a comparatively mild state.An inactive phase is obtained in the gland of the juvenile fish transferred into the sea water.
Mild state of the gland activity is secured in the materials of juvenile, adult and spent landlocked form, collected from May to October.
In the specimen reared in the freshwater aquarium for a long time (15 months), the gland expands greatly, showing some pathologic conditions, such as hyperplasia, hyper-trophy and rich vascularities.View full abstractDownload PDF (10086K) -
Akira Zama, Minoru Asai, Fujio Yasuda1977 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 26-34
Published: July 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBony cranial projections and color patterns in Pentaceros japonicus Döderlein of various stages of growth were studied.In the jevenile.bony cranial projections were well developed and cloud-shaped markings were found on the side of body.Both the projections and markings disappeared by the time the fish attains 94.0 mm in standard length.but the markings remained in the specimen of Shiriya collected in a floating seaweed.
This species seems to shift the habitat from surface layers to deeper water at the stage when the projections and markings disappear.View full abstractDownload PDF (3350K) -
Gen-ichi Hoshiai1977 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 35-42
Published: July 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSebastes schlegeli Hilgendorf is a viviparous scorpaenid fish distributed around Japan.The larvae and juveniles of this fish were reared for 80 days to clarify their development, relative growth, and mouth size in relation to feeding capability and changes in behavior.
The development of this fish can be devided into eight stages as shown in Fig.2.The just spawned larvae were 6.89 mm on average in total length.Individuals of 9.5 11.7 mm are regarded to have attained to the juvenile stage, when all the fin rays were brought to completion.The fish reached 30 mm in total length in about 50 70 days.
The growth of seven body parts (post-anal length, ante-anal length, head length, trunk length, eye diameter, auditory vesicle diameter, and mouth size) was examined against changes of total length.The growth inflection of each body part occurred at the size of 9.1-12.9 mm in total length, and coincides with the shift period from the larva to juvenile stage or just after this period (Figs.4 and 5).The mouth size and trunk length demonstrated common change showing tachyauxesis before growth inflection and isauxesis after it.
The size of food taken is determined by the mouth size.As the results, it is esti-mated that the mouth size of newborn larvae is 836 μ, and the food less than 423-629 μ can be taken easily by these larvae.The mouth size can be roughly estimated by the measurement of the trunk length.View full abstractDownload PDF (1114K) -
Masaru Shiogaki, Yoshie Dotsu1977 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 43-48
Published: July 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe marine gobiid fish, Luciogobius platycephalus Shiogaki and Dotsu (1976) is ananguilliform in shape and grows to 80 mm in total length.Over three hundred and fifty specimens of the goby were collected from Kawahara and Nomo, both near Nagasaki City on the western coast of Kyushu (Fig.1).The habitats of the goby are restricted to the upper intertidal zone where pebbles and stones are sedimented over the hollows of the rocky bottom and the bottom is exposed to the air for several hours during the ebb tide (Fig.2, A).During the ebb tide the goby was found concealing itself among pebbles and stones.The goby fed on small crustaceans.From the examinations of the specimens collected through all seasons, it seems that the goby grows to about 50 mm long in a year and to about 70 mm in two years (Fig.3).
The spawning season at Kawahara seemed to extend from the beginning of October to the end of December.Seven egg masses were collected from the habitat on the coast of Kawahara on October 23, 1972.The eggs were attached in a dense one-layer mass on the underside of a stone lying among pebbles and guarded by a male parent.Number of the eggs in each egg mass ranged from 66 to 528.The eggs are club-shaped, from 2.05 to 2.28 mm in long axis and 0.68 to 0.75 mm in short axis, and provided with a bundle of adhesive filaments at the basal end (Fig.2, B, C).Hatching of the eggs, which were collected at 24 myomere stage, took place 129 hours after collection in an incubator with the temperature varing between 18.7 and 20.5°C (Fig.4).About four hundred hatched larvae, from 3.5 to 3.8 mm in total length, were kept in a 30-liter plastic vessel and fed on the rotifers, Brachionus plicatilis and nauplii of brine shrimp, Artemia sp.They were reared for 42 days after hatching and the biggest one grew to 16.2 mm long in the last planktonic life 35 days after hatching (Fig.5, A-G).A 22.2 mm long young was collected from the habitat on the coast of Kawahara to prove that the fish of this size already performs a benthonic life among pebbles as the adult fish does (Fig.5, H).View full abstractDownload PDF (3515K) -
III.Geographical Variations of the Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma, and Morphological Characters of the Miyabe CharKoji Maekawa1977 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 49-56
Published: July 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGeographical variations of some meristic characters of the Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma, which were collected in some districts (Nome, Anchorage, Juneau and Seattle) of North America, Bering Sea, Okhotsk Sea and in some rivers of Hokkaido, were investigated with special reference to the systematics of the Miyabe char, S.malma miyabei, in Lake Shikaribetsu in Hokkaido.An obvious “geocline” associated with an increase in the number of vertebrae, gill-rakers, dorsal rays and pored scales of the north American populations was found.Toward the east and toward the uplands, slight increases in the number of vertebrae and pored scale were observed in the land-locked populations of Hokkaido. No significant differences were recognized in the number of anal rays among populations of the Dolly Varden, however, pyloric caeca were slightly fewer in Hokkaido populations than in the others.Meristic characters of the Miyabe char, excepting gill-rakers, were similar to those of Dolly Varden living in Hokkaido.A striking characteristic of the Miyabe char was found in the number of gill-rakers, as well as accessory gill-rakers in the medial surface of the gill arch.Gill-rakers of the Miyabe char were the most numerous among all Dolly Varden investigated.It was discussed that, in relationship to food habitats of the anadromous Dolly Varden, the changes in morphology might be an adaptation to plankton feeding.View full abstractDownload PDF (1270K) -
Akira Zama, Minoru Asai, Fujio Yasuda1977 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 57-60
Published: July 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Yasuhiko Taki, Arata Kawamoto1977 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 61-65
Published: July 20, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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