Japanese Journal of Ichthyology

Callionymus leucopoecilus, a New Dragonet (Callionymidae) from the Yellow Sea

Ronald Fricke, Chung-Lyul Lee

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 275-279
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.275

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Callionymus leucopoecilus, a new species of dragonet from the Yellow Sea, is described and illustrated. The new species is characterized by 4 spines in the first dorsal fin, 9 rays each in the second dorsal and anal fins, ii, 5, ii principal caudal fin rays, a preopercular spine formula of 13-4/-1, an interspace between the dorsal fin bases which is about equal to the first dorsal fin base length, the upper part of the pectoral fin base dark brown, and a low first dorsal fin without filaments in both sexes. Callionymus leucopoecilus is compared with the closely allied species C. planus Ochiai, 1955 from Japan, and C. olidus Gunther, 1873 from the coasts of China and Korea.
The identity of the two nominal species Callionymus sagitta Pallas, 1770 and C. macdonaldi Ogilby, 1911, which were recently synonymized, is reconsidered. The two species are treated as separate, but closely allied species on the basis of five distinguishing characters.

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Two New Genera and Species of the Subfamily Brosmophycinae (Bythitidae, Ophidiiformes) from Northern Australia

Yoshihiko Machida

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 281-286
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.281

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Two new bythitid genera and species of the subfamily Brosmophycinae are described from Northern Territory, Australia. Brosmolus longicaudus, described from a single male specimen, is unique in the tribe Brosmophycini in having the anal fin origin well anterior to the midpoint of the body and thin, transparent skin on the head and body. Beaglichthys macrophthalmus, described from a single female specimen, differs from all other genera in the subfamily by the following combination of characters: eight branchiostegal rays, eye diameter longer than snout length, cheek scaly, anal fin origin at midpoint of body, three developed rakers on the first gill arch, 12 caudal fin rays, and 14 precaudal vertebrae.

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Scarus obishime, a New Parrotfish (Perciformes: Scaridae) from the Ogasawara Islands

John E. Randall, John L. Earle

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 287-293
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.287

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Scarus obishime is described as a new species of parrotfish from the Ogasawara Islands from five specimens. It is characterized as follows: 6-7 median predorsal scales, a single scale in third row on cheek, 15 pectoral rays, terminal male with a prominent bulging snout and forehead; initial-phase fish yellowish brown with an irregular white lateral stripe posteriorly on body; terminal male deep blue with a broad yellow bar on body.

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A Review of the Threadfin Breams of the Genus Nemipterus (Nemipteridae) from Japan and Taiwan, with Description of a New Species

Barry C. Russell

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 295-310
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.295

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Species of the fish genus Nemipterus (Nemipteridae) from Japan and Taiwan are reviewed. A key, diagnoses and synonymies are provided for 9 species, including a new species: N. aurora sp.nov.(previously misidentified as N. delagoae Smith); N. bathybius Snyder; N. furcosus (Valenciennes) [mistakenly referred to as N. peronii (Valenciennes)]; N. hexodon (Quoy et Gaimard); N. japonicus (Bloch); N. peronii (Valenciennes) [previously referred to as N. tolu (Valenciennes), a junior synonym]; N. thosaporni Russell [previously misidentified as N. marginatus (Valenciennes)]; N. virgatus (Houttuyn); and N. zysron (Bleeker) [previously referred to as N. metopias (Bleeker), a junior synonym]. N. aurora is described from specimens from Taiwan, the Gulf of Thailand, East Malaysia and Indonesia. It appears to be closely allied to N. bipunctatus (Ehrenberg) (N. delagoae is a junior synonym), an Indian Ocean species, but the two species are readily distinguished on the basis of colour pattern of the dorsal and anal fins: N. aurora has a broad orange-yellow submedial stripe along the dorsal fin, and a lemon submedial stripe on the anal fin; whereas rosy, and the anal fin has 2-4 wavy yellow stripes.

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Selenoscopus turbisquamatus, a New Genus and Species of Uranoscopid Fish from Japan and the Norfolk Ridge

Osamu Okamura, Hirokazu Kishimoto

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 311-317
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.311

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A new stargazer, Selenoscopus turbisquamatus, is described from 30 specimens from the Kyushu-Palau Ridge, the coasts of Kii Peninsula, Japan, and the Norfolk Ridge, northern Tasman Sea. The species appears to be most closely related to the genus Uranoscopus in having two dorsal fins, a spinous dorsal fin consisting of feeble spines, a stout cleithral spine, an externally visible pelvic spur, two supracleithral spines, and no postcleithrum, but differs from it in having a smooth posterior margin of the gill flap, uniserial dentary teeth, random arrangement of body scales, no subopercular spine, an intervention of the pterosphenoid (=alisphenoid) between the frontal and the parasphenoid, and the first and second haemal spines depressed on the centra. A new genus, Selenoscopus, is therefore proposed, based on these characters.

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Genetic Differentiation of Oryzias minutillus in Thailand

Keisuke Takata, Masaharu Hoshino, Wichian Magoon, Nivesh Nadee, Hirosh ...

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 319-327
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.319

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An allozyme survey was conducted in eleven local populations of Oryzias minutillus from Thailand. The region-specific distribution of alleles and the genetic relationship among the eleven populations revealed that they represented major three population groups, within the country as a whole; the Peninsular, Mae Nam Chao Phraya and Mekong subpopulations. Because their distribution boundaries coincide with geographic features, it is supposed that their genetic differentiation is primarily due to geographic isolation. Karyotype polymorphism has been reported only from the Mae Nam Chao Phraya subpopulation, suggesting that the variant karyotype evolved after allopatric isolation of the three subpopulations.

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An Electrophoretic Study of Genetic Differentiation of a Japanese Freshwater Goby, Rhinogobius flumineus

Takaaki Shimizu, Nobuhiko Taniguchi, Nobuhiko Mizuno

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 329-343
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.329

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Genetic differentiation among 34 populations of the fluvial land-locked goby, Rhinogobius flumineus, endemic to southwestern Japan, was investigated by electrophoretic methods . Twenty-three loci, which were presumed to correspond to 15 enzymes and one non -enzymatic protein, were scored. Genetic differentiation within the species was high compared with other amphid romous or peripheral fishes, probably due to more restricted gene exchanges between adjacent populations.
From the allelic constitution, 5 population groups could be recognized. The largest group, distributed in the western part of Japan, included 21 populations with low genetic differentiation (mean genetic distance; 0.04). Six populations distributed in the eastern part of Japan, bounded by the Suzuka Mountains, constituted the second largest group (mean genetic distance; 0.02). The most divergent group, distributed at the eastern edge of the species' range, had a unique allelic constitution, not only when compared with other groups but also within populations of the group itself. The geographical patterns ofthe genetic groups were discussed in relation to the geological history of the Japanese Archipelago since the Pleistocene.

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Distribution and Food Habits of the Slender Smoothhound, Gollum attenuatus, from the Waters around New Zealand

Kazunari Yano

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 345-356
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.345

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Three hundred and seventy-three females and 385 males of Gollum attenuatus were caught with bottom longlines from the Challenger Plateau, Wanganella Bank and Three Kings Ridge around New Zealand. The sharks ranged in size from 440 to 1092mm TL for females and 442 to 1067mm TL for males. Catch rates (number of fish per 100 hooks) were 0.41 for the Challenger Plateau, 0.14 for the W anganella Bank, and 4.52 for the Three Kings Ridge. The sex ratio was 1: 1. In terms of 100-m depth intervals, G. attenuatus was most abundant in 500 to 599m depths . There was a marked decrease in catch rates with increased distance of the hooks from the bottom . Stomachs contained such varied items as sharks, teleost fishes, gastropods, squids, octopi, decapods, isopods, brittle stars, and human garbage . The data in this study suggest that G. attenuatus consumed, in order of importance, fishes and crustaceans.

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Female Spawning Migrations of the Protogynous Wrasse, Halichoeres marginatus

Takuro Shibuno, Kenji Gushima, Shunpei Kakuda

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 357-362
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.357

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Spawning sites and spawning migration paths of tagged females of the protogynous wrasse, Halichoeres marginatus, were studied on the shallow reefs at Kuchierabu-jima Island, Japan. Males set up mating territories above prominent rocks on the offshore reef slope in the late afternoon, and pair-spawned with females, which had migrated there from their home ranges located in inshore areas. Small females migrated to the spawning sites near their home ranges, whereas large females migrated to various spawning sites located within a wide area, including downcurrent sites. Spawning at the downcurrent sites favors transport of eggs offshore, thereby increasing the female's fitness. The spawning sites where an individual had spawned as a female were subsequently used for mating after it had changed sex. It is suggested that the wide migration of females to various spawning sites, enables the storing up of information on those sites, which later helps in the acquisition of mating territories after changing sex.

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Clinal Life-history Variation in the River-sculpin, Cottus hangiongensis: an Example of Phenotypic Plasticity

Akira Goto

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 363-370
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.363

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An amphidromous sculpin, Cottus hangiongensis, distributed freely in a natural river system, exhibited clinal differences in population density, sex ratio, age composition and life-history. In a second river, in which the distribution was restricted to a narrow area in the lower reaches by a notched weir, the species was characterized by high population density and a similar population structure in two different habitats. Little life-history variation was evident. Field observations suggested that clinal life-history variations in C. hangiongensis were not genotypic, but environmentally-induced, phenotypic responses. Rearing experiments demonstrated that the maturity of one-year old males was delayed under low density conditions, and that no relationship existed between the timing of maturity and the sex ratio . This suggests that phenotypic life-history variation in C. hangiongensis is induced primarily in response to population density. Such phenotypic plasticity in life-histories of individual C. hangiongensis populations may be an adaptation for exploitation of broad and heterogenous river habitats.

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Development of Eggs, Larvae and Juveniles of the Labrid Fish, Halichoeres poecilopterus, Reared in the Laboratory

Seishi Kimura, Takanari Kiriyama

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 371-377
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.371

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Embryonic, larval and juvenile development of the labrid fish, Halichoeres poecilopterus, is described using a laboratory-reared series. The eggs, measuring 0.60-0.72mm in diameter, were pelagic and spherical with a single oil globule (0.12-0.16mm in diameter). Hatching occurred 18h 48 min after spawning. The newly-hatched larvae, measuring 1.46-1.70mm TL, had 8-11+16-18 myomeres. A conspicuous melanophore appeared on the dorsal finfold 8h after hatching, at ca. 2mm TL. The yolk was completely absorbed 3 days after hatching, at 2.52-2.72mm TL. Flexion of the notochord started at ca. 6mm TL and was finished at ca. 8mm TL. Aggregate numbers of all fin rays were completed at ca. 14 mm TL. Squamation was almost completed at ca. 20mm TL.

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Growth during the Early Life History of the Pacific Tarpon, Megalops cyprinoides

Youichi Tsukamoto, Muneo Okiyama

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 379-386
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.379

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The early growth of the Pacific tarpon, Megalops cyprinoides, was studied by larval otolith analysis and rearing of larvae and juveniles in the laboratory . Morphology of the sagitta, validation of sagittal daily increments, age at the start of metamorphosis, decrement of standard length in early metamorphosis, and growth under rearing conditions are described.
The sagitta of fully-grown Pacific tarpon leptocephali were transparent and circular, with regular intervals between the neighboring rings becoming wider at the onset of metamorphosis . Alizarin corn plexone treatment of larvae confirmed the daily formation of the sagittal rings.
Metamorphosis was estimated to start about one month after hatching . After drastic shrinkage during the first several days of metamorphosis, the body length more or less stabilized for one month and then resumed rapid growth. The early growth of Pacific tarpon was divided into four phases as follows: A) leptocephalus positive growth phase; B) leptocephalus negative growth phase; C) sluggish growth phase;and D) juvenile growth phase.

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Sexual Dimorphism in the Polypterid Fishes, Polypterus senegalus and Calarnoichthys calabaricus

Kaoru Komagata, Atsushi Suzuki, Ren Kuwabara

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 387-390
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.387

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New Record for Neenchelys daedalus (Ophichthidae) from japan

Yoshihiko Machida, Suguru Ohta

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 391-394
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.391

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Albino Specimen of Sebastolobus macrochir Collected from off the Shimokita Peninsula, Northern Japan

Gento Shinohara, Kunio Amaoka

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 395-397
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.395

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First Record of an Arrow Eel Cyema atrum (Cyematidae: Saccopharyngiformes) from Japan

Masahiro Aizawa, Kazuo Sakamoto

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 398-400
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.398

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Type-assortative Mating of Miyabe Charr

Koji Maekawa, Satoshi Kitano, Satoru Takeyama

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 401-403
Published: February 15, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.401

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Errata

1993 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 418
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.39.418

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