Japanese Journal of Ichthyology

Mating Behavior and Larval Development of Pseudobagrus ichikawai (Siluriformes: Bagridae)

Katsutoshi Watanabe

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 243-251
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.243

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Mating behavior and larval development of Pseudobagrus ichikawai (Siluriformes: Bagridae) were observed in captivity. The mature male showed aggressive behavior, apparently forming a territory around its shelter. Mating behavior by 8 pairs was observed two hundred and sixteen times in and around the male's shelter, 20-45hr after HCG injection of females. Mating behavior comprised either the male leading the female to or the female visiting the shelter, embrace, spawning, and the female stirring the eggs and leaving the shelter. Mating behavior sequences were repeated with intervals of several minutes, the number of eggs spawned at each time decreasing from over 100 to 0. The species appeared to have a sequential polygynous mating system with male parental care. Females had about 400-1800 developed ovarian eggs. The eggs, measuring 1.6-2.1mm in diameter, hatched out some 60-80hr after fertilization in 21-24°C W.T. Newly-hatched larvae measured 4.1-5.1mm TL, with yolk absorption nearly completed and feeding initiated 4 days after hatching, at 8.4-9.3mm TL. Full fin ray complements developed as follows: caudal and pectoral (10.6-11.3mm TL), dorsal and anal (12.0mm TL), and pelvic (13.7-14.2mm TL). The adipose fin separated from the caudal fin at about 16.0mm TL. Male filial cannibalism was observed in all pairs, and sibling cannibalism in which the larvae fed on the eggs was also implied.

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Genetic Differentiation in Populations of the Ryukyu-ayu Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis on Amami-oshima Island

Yasumasa Sawashi, Mutsumi Nishida

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 253-260
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.253

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The Ryukyu-ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis, currently occurs only on Amami-oshima Island, and is represented by geographically separated, amphidromous populations in the eastern and western parts of this island (Sumiyo Bay and Yakeuchi Bay areas, respectively). To examine the level of isolation between the populations in the two areas, ecological and genetic investigations were made. The occurrence of young fish ascending streams from the sea was determined by a survey throughout the island, there being no evidence of occurrence in streams in the region separating the above areas of distribution. Genetic examination of 28 loci using allozyme electrophoresis revealed considerable allele frequency differences (p<0.001) between the eastern and western populations at two loci. These results suggest that the two populations are substantially independent from each other with little gene flow via larval migration along the coast. The considerable genetic heterogeneity in P. a. ryukyuensis on Amami-oshima Island should be taken into account in future conservation procedures involving this endangered subspecies.

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Reproductive Behavior, Eggs and Larvae of a Caesionine Fish, Pterocaesio digramma, Observed in an Aquarium

Kiyoko Yokoyama, Yoshiaki Kamei, Minoru Toda, Katsumi Hirano, Yukio Iw ...

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 261-274
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.261

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Reproductive behavior and early life history of Pterocaesio digramma were described from aquarium observations. Spawning occurred between a pair plus sneakers (usually about 5 individuals) during the period before sunset from the beginning of May to the beginning of July, 1993. Six easily distinguishable behavior patterns were involved in the spawning sequence: 1) Up and down swimming; 2) Courtship; 3) Rushing; 4) Pair spawning; 5) Sperm release by sneakers; and 6) Post spawning. The species was considered to be a group spawner. Fertilized eggs were spherical, transparent, buoyant and unpigmented. They averaged 0.84mm in diameter, and contained a single oil globule averaging 0.16mm in diameter. Hatching began 23 hours after fertilization, 70% of the eggs having hatched within the following 2 hours, at 24.0±0.5°C. Immediately after hatching, larvae were 2.06-2.34mm in total length and had a large ellipsoidal yolk. An oil globule with a few melanophores was situated at the anterior margin of the yolk. Larval development of P. digramma was described during the first 15 days after hatching, 15 day-old larvae being characterized by a large head, a relatively elongated and laterally compressed body, conspicuous preopercular spines and serrate spines in the dorsal and pelvic fins (characteristically long second dorsal and pelvic spines). They also possessed several large and clearly defined dendritic melanophores on the membrane between the second and third dorsal spines.

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A New Cottid Species, Artediellus neyelovi, from the Southeastern Coast of the Oshima Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan

Fumihito Muto, Mamoru Yabe, Kunio Amaoka

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 275-280
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.275

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A new cottid species, Artediellus neyelovi, is described on the basis of 39 specimens collected from southeastern coast of the Oshima Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. The species is distinguished from all other members of the genus by the following combination of characters: simple sharp nasal spines, 28-33 lateral line pores, numerous pores in the cephalic sensory system, numerous head cirri, elongate dorsal fin spines of the male, a pale first dorsal fin with a few blown blotches, and 2 or 3 vertical bars on caudal fin.

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Parioglossus interruptus, a New Species of Goby from the Western Pacific

Toshiyuki Suzuki, Hiroshi Senou

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 281-286
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.281

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A new species of goby, Parioglossus interruptus sp.nov. is described from specimens from Iriomote Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It is distinguished from congeneric species as follows: scales imbricate; anterior oculoscapular canal with pores C', D, E and F; preopercular canal with pores N' and O'; a single sensory papilla in the symphysial line; a narrow, black lateral band extending from the posterior edge of the eye through the upper part of the opercle and along the lower half of the trunk, fading gradually above the anal fin, not extending to caudal fin base; a black triangular to oblong blotch on the caudal fin, between 5th or 6th and 15th or 16th segmented rays, not extending onto fin base. A key to the species of Parioglossus is given.

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Scanning Electron Microscope Study of Rainbow Trout Spleen with Special Reference to the Role of the Reticular Meshwork in Erythrocyte Release

Jun Kita, Yasuo Itazawa

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 287-293
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.287

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The fine structure of the perfused spleen of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was studied by scanning electron microscope. Morphological comparisons were carried out between the spleen in dilated (resting) condition and in contracted condition induced by 5.5μM adrenaline infusion. Sphincter-like constrictions of the arterioles terminate additional blood supply to the spleen during splenic contraction. It is suggested that reticulum cells contributed to the marked decrease in splenic volume and expulsion of blood cells stored in the reticular meshwork following adrenergic stimulation. The fenestrae found in the walls of the proximal section of the venules function as major passages enabling erythrocytes to be propelled from the reticular meshwork to the vascular lumen.

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Circular Swimming by the Medaka, Oryzias latipes, Induced by Microinjection of GABA-ergic Agonists and Antagonists into the Posterior Thalamus

Kunisuke Takeuchi

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 295-299
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.295

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The thalamic mechanism involved in locomotor control, particularly in steering control, was studied in a teleost, Oryzias latipes. Ipsilateral circular swimming was induced by injection of bicuculline, a selective gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A antagonist, into the unilateral posterior thalamus. δ-Amino-valeric acid, phaclofen and 2-hydroxysaclofen (weak GABA-B antagonists) had weak, but similar effects. In contrast to antagonists, injection of GABA, muscimol (GABA-A agonist), baclofen (GABA-B agonist), nipecotic acid (blocker of Na⁺-coupled GABA uptake carrier), and γ-hydroxy-butyric acid (possible GABA-A and -B agonist) into the unilateral posterior thalamus induced contralateral circular swimming. It is suggested that GABA-ergic inhibition in the posterior thalamus, probably via both GABA-A and-B type receptors, plays an important role in the steering control of teleosts when swimming.

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Changes with Growth in Feeding Habits and Gravel Turning Behavior of the Wrasse, Coris gaimard

Takuro Shibuno, Hiroaki Hashimoto, Kenji Gushima

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 301-306
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.301

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Ontogenetic changes in the diet and foraging behavior of the wrasse, Coris gaimard, were studied on shallow reefs at Kuchierabu-jima Island, southern Japan. C. gaimard selected larger prey with growth, smaller individuals feeding on small crustaceans (e.g., gammarideans) and larger ones feeding on larger molluscs (i.e., pelecypods, gastropods and chitons) and crabs. Although C. gaimard usually took prey from the surface of the substrate, individuals of 5 cm TL and over also foraged for prey under gravel by turning over the latter. The relative frequency of gravel turning and size of gravel turned over increased with growth, larger fish being able to take correspondingly larger prey (e.g., molluscs and crabs) hiding under larger gravel. Especially for small individuals, foraging for alternative prey by turning over gravel may reduce the need to extend the foraging range and consequently the risk of predation.

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Distribution of Taste Buds in the Oropharyngeal Cavity of Larval and Juvenile Stages of the Cyprinid Fish, Tribolodon hakonensis

Noritomo Komada

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 307-311
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.307

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Redescription of the Congrid Eel, Rhechias retrotincta (Jordan and Snyder), from Japan

Yoshihiko Machida, Hirotoshi Asano, Suguru Ohta

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 312-316
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.312

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A Record of a Great Siberian Sturgeon, Huso dauricus, off Niigata, Sea of Japan (Osteichthyes: Acipenseridae)

Yoshiharu Honma, Hideyoshi Itano

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 317-321
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.317

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Ultrastructure and Motility of Spermatozoa of the Japanese Sardine, Sardinops melanostictus

Masako Hara, Sumio Ishijima, Muneo Okiyama

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 322-325
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.322

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The ultrastructure of the spermatozoa of the Japanese sardine, Sardinops melanostictus, was examined under scanning and transmission electron microscopes. The spermatozoon comprised the head (nucleus), midpiece (mitochondrion), and a single tail (flagellum), as in most teleosts, with a total length of about 50μm. The head was ovoid, being wider than long, and slightly depressed with a deep basal fossa containing the proximal centriole slanted at about 45 degrees to the distal centriole. A single, extremely large mitochondrion in close contact with the posterior border of the head was C-shaped in cross-section, with its inner membranes modified into variously-shaped cristae, including characteristic walls along the longitudinal axis of the mitochondrion, as well as tubular and vesicular structures. Microtubules of axonemal doublets 1, 3, 5, 6 and 7 were characterized by intratubular differentiation as in other clupeids. Measurements of sperm motility indicated a progressive speed of 221.9μm/s, a beat frequency of 66.7Hz, an amplitude of 3.1μm and a wave length of 76.5μm. In seawater, the spermatozoa usually maintained a circular motion, although they sometimes followed a straight path after 20 or more circular movements. Morphological characteristics were discussed in relation to their functional aspects.

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First Record of Cyclothone parapallida (Gonostomatidae) from the Pacific Ocean, with Notes on Its Geographic Distribution

Masaki Miya

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 326-329
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.326

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Range Extensions of Two Deep-seamacrourids Coryphaenoides filifer and Squalogadusmodificatus to the Sea of Okhotsk

Hiromitsu Endo, Daisuke Tsutsui, Kunio Amaoka

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 330-333
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.330

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Development of the Caudal Skeleton in the Saury, Cololabis saira

Kiyoshi Fujita, Yoshioki Oozeki

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 334-337
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.334

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Embryonic Growth during Gestation of the Viviparous Eelpout, Zoarces elongatus

Yasunori Koya, Toshitaka Ikeuchi, Takahiro Matsubara, Shinji Adachi, K ...

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 338-342
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.338

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A Record of the Cottid Fish, Icelus stenosomus from Southern Sea of Japan

Takashi Murai, Tetsuji Nakabo, Takahiro Kinosita

1994 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 343-346
Published: November 21, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.41.343

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