音声言語医学
Online ISSN : 1884-3646
Print ISSN : 0030-2813
ISSN-L : 0030-2813
23 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • 村上 敏子
    1982 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 125-131
    発行日: 1982/04/25
    公開日: 2010/06/22
    ジャーナル フリー
    The case of a young boy with verbal auditory agnosia (pure word diafness) was reported. Speech therapy was attempted for ten months. The findings obtained are as follows :
    1) With improvement of auditory discrimination of onomatops, the threshold for the warble tone was lowered and reaction to environmental sounds was improved.
    2) Study of auditory discrimination of onomatops was relatively successful, but study of auditory understanding of words was rather difficult.
    3) Lip-reading was more difficult than expected.
    4) Understanding words and two-word sentences written in hiragana and writing words were rather successful.
    5) Preservation of inner language seemed rather good, yet not at normal level.
  • ―手話と口話を併用して訓練した1症例―
    佐川 幸子, 田中 美郷
    1982 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 132-140
    発行日: 1982/04/25
    公開日: 2010/06/22
    ジャーナル フリー
    A home training program for language education was conducted on a young girl with severe hearing impairment over 90 dB who was born to deaf parents. She began to wear a hearing aid at the age of twelve months, while the training started when she was eighteen months old. A combined method of manual and oral communication was adopted for the language education because manual communication was used among members of the family in daily life. The girl began to learn manual communication and speech reading mainly through her parents. She began to express two-word sentences at the age of 25 months and multiword sentences at the age of 36 months using manual communication accompanied by spoken words. Consequently, she became able to communicate fluently with her deaf parents.
    The case reported here suggests that the combined method of manual and oral communication as tried in our clinic is very effective for language education of a deaf infant born to deaf parents, if the parents have enough language.
  • 平口 真理, 鳥居 方策, 榎戸 秀昭, 相野田 紀子
    1982 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 141-152
    発行日: 1982/04/25
    公開日: 2010/06/22
    ジャーナル フリー
    1.まず, 予備実験として, 失語症患者14名, 非失語脳損傷患者15名, および対照群18名 (神経症または神経症傾向のある入院患者12名と病院職員6名) について, De RenziとVignoloの原版を忠実に訳したToke Testを施行した.その結果, pass-fail scoresでもweighted scoresでも3群間に有意な得点差が認められた.しかし, 「青」と「緑」の混乱を招いたり, 要素の提示頻度に偏りがあることから, 日本人に合った改訂が必要と考えられた.
    2.つぎに, 本実験として, 「緑」を「黒」に, 「長方形」を「正方形」に変え, 要素の提示頻度を等しくするなどの改訂を加えたToken Testを失語症患者32名, 非失語脳損傷患者23名, および対照群20名 (神経症またはうつ状態の診断で入院中の患者12名と病院職員8名) に施行した.改訂したToken Testの妥当性, Token Test得点と年齢やIQとの関係, Token Testで生じた誤りの分析, Token Test得点と失語症鑑別検査の成績との関係などについて検討しつぎの結果を得た.
    1) Pass-fail scores, weighted scoresともに対象の3群間に有意差があった.両採点法を比較すると, pass-fail scoresの方が群間の差を検出するのに優れていた.
    2) Pass-fail scoresのcut-off scoreを対照群の最低点であった48とすると, 失語症群の93.8%が正しく分類され, 非失語脳損傷群の17.4%が失語症に分類された.全体では89.1%が正しく分類された.
    3) 対照群では, Token Test得点と年齢, IQの問に有意な相関はなかった.失語症群では, Token Test得点は年齢と負の相関があり, WAISのVIQならびにPIQとは正の相関があった.非失語脳損傷群では, Token Test得点と年齢との相関はなく, WAISのVIQと正の相関があった.
    4) Tokenの3属性についての誤りを分析したところ, 失語症群では形>色>大きさの順に誤り率が高かった.これに対し, 非失語脳損傷群と対照群は, これら3属性の誤り率は失語症群の大きさの誤り率よりも低く, 3つの間にあきらかな差はなかった.文法的誤り (統語的誤り) については, 失語症群が各項目で最も高い誤りの頻度を示したが, 3群の誤りのパタンには大きな違いはなかった.
    5) 失語症群では, Token Test得点と失語症鑑別検査の聴く過程, および話す過程の正答率との間に正の相関があった.
    以上の結果に基づいて, 日本語版62項目のToken Testの妥当性とToken Test得点を規定する要因について考察を加えた.
  • Ira J. Hirsh, Ph. D.
    1982 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 156-163
    発行日: 1982/04/25
    公開日: 2010/06/22
    ジャーナル フリー
    The perception of speech has been the subject of laboratory studies only about 30 years. Prior to that time, speech perception was not an important part of acoustical phonetics, nor was it prominent in studies on hearing. In these last 30 years, speech perception has become an important subject in acoustical phonetics, largely as a result of technological developments, but the theory and speculation about the speech-perception process has been too much separated from modern developments in psychophysics. In this paper, we shall review some of the bases for concepts like “categorical perception” and “listening in the speech mode”, and will show that a more parsimonious interpretation might be more generally auditory and psychophysical than “special” for speech. There do indeed appear to be special attributes of perception for speech, but they appear to be associated more with special circumstances of learning of speech sounds, as opposed to other sounds.
  • 平野 実, 斎藤 成司, 澤島 政行, 比企 静雄, 廣瀬 肇
    1982 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 164-167
    発行日: 1982/04/25
    公開日: 2010/06/22
    ジャーナル フリー
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