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Volume 35 (1994)
- Issue 4 Pages 317-
- Issue 3 Pages 231-
- Issue 2 Pages 167-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 35, Issue 1
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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—A Study of Longitudinal Transitions of Categorization and Abilities of Hearing Syllables—Toyohiko Hamada1994 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 1-7
Published: January 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwenty-one children with severe or profound hearing impairment were longitudinally tested for AHT (aided hearing thereshold) and phoneme recognition ability over three to five years. The results suggest the following findings:
1. To acquire intentional auditory activity in children with severe or profound hearing impairment it is important that AHT remains below 60 dBSPL until the age of school matriculation.
2. If individual around a child with hearing impairment, such as family or teachers, understand the importance of a hearing aid, the hearing-impaired child can learn to select phonetic gain independently after about four years of age.
3. Children with hearing impairment, who have not could acquire motivation for use of the hearing aid, can't select phonetic gain independently after the age of school matriculation.
4. The most important requirement are to acquire and maintain motivation for use of the hearing aid.View full abstractDownload PDF (715K) -
Yoko Fukusako, Toshiko Watamori, Hisako Monoi, Sumiko Sasanuma1994 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 8-18
Published: January 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA series of neuropsychological tests covering four broad areas-orientation, memory, linguistic functions and visuospatial functions-was administered to 93 patients with aphasia, and the results were compared with data obtained from 91 patients with mild to moderate dementia (Sasanuma et al., 1987) . The latter were further divided into two diagnostic groups-52 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and 39 patients with vascular dementia (VaD) -in order to explore differences in performance among the three diagnostic groups. Major findings included the following:
(1) Performance profiles of the two dementia groups were similar except for a higher Story Recall (Delayed) score for the VaD group.
(2) The aphasic patients as a group exhibited poor performance on tests of linguistic functions but well-preserved performance on tests of visuospatial functions. The dementia groups exhibited the reversed pattern.
(3) The three groups performed differently on tests of orientation and memory. The performance of the DAT group was significantly poorer than that of the aphasia group on the Orientation test, but differences in performance between the aphasia group and the VaD group did not reach a level of significance. The percentage of information remembered in the Story Retelling (Delayed) test revealed that the aphasia group was on a par with normal controls while the two dementia groups showed marked decreases over time, particularly the DAT group.
(4) Implications for clinical application of the results to differential diagnosis between major subtypes of aphasia and dementia, particularly the VaD group, were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1456K) -
Tadashi Koyama1994 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 19-28
Published: January 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeveral recent research studies in developmental psychology suggest a correspondence between symbolic play and language development. Symbolic play is said to be a useful vehicle for enhancing the capacity of early symbolization and language development. But it is only recently that symbolic play has started to be used as a stimulus for language development for early intervention with mentally retarded infants. In this paper we discussed the possibilities that child centered and voluntary symbolic play could develop symbolic functions and language acquisition in children.
Our subjects were 11 mentally retarded infants who belonged to a child welfare center or our university. They did not engage in any symbolic play and had no meaningful words at the beginning of our intervention. We prepared a situation which would elicit their symbolic play: we presented various materials by which the child could extend his symbolic play through our individualized intervention program. A therapist tried to facilitate the child's intentions to play and to be a support partner, but without instructing symbolic play. At the end of our intervention programs for each child (mean length of intervention period: 8.5 months), all the children developed communicative behavior (vocalizations, requests to therapist) and joint attention. Nine cases reached the one-word utterance level and five cases of them increased their vocabularies in the one-word utterance level. Results showing that the situations or opportunities for voluntary play are fundamental for development of symbolization and production of single words in mentally retarded infants.
We confirmed the significance of symbolic play as a context to encourage voluntary play in an early language intervention program for mentally retarded infants.View full abstractDownload PDF (1385K) -
—Comparison with syllable intelligibility and patient's own assessment—Satoko Imai, Yukari Yamashita, Kohsuke Ohno, Noriko Suzuki, Ken-ichi M ...1994 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 29-38
Published: January 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSpeech intelligibility was examined in 15 oral cancer patients with forearm flap reconstruction. Speech intelligibility was assessed using a one hundred syllable Japanese speech intelligibility test and a 2-3 minute conversational speech. Each task was judged by three listener groups, i. e., dental school students (naive listeners), oral surgeons (untrained listeners) and speech pathologists (trained listeners) . The patient's own assessment of his or her level of communication was also learned using a questionnaire. The results were as follows.
1. Among the listeners group, syllable intelligibility was highest among speech pathologists. There were significant differences between results for each listener group.
2. Oral surgeons showed best results in conversation intelligibility.
3. The significant correlation between syllable intelligibility and conversation intelligibility was highest among speech pathologists.
4. The rate of agreement between conversation intelligibility and the patient's own assessment of his or her level of communication was highest among speech pathologists and significantly low among naive listeners. The results obtained from subjective evaluation did not quite coincide with results obtained from objective evaluations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1045K) -
[in Japanese]1994 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 43-45
Published: January 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (387K) -
1994 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 46-106
Published: January 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (10053K) -
1994 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 107-149
Published: January 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (7074K)
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