The Japan Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics
Online ISSN : 1884-3646
Print ISSN : 0030-2813
ISSN-L : 0030-2813
Volume 41, Issue 3
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
  • Eiji Yumoto
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 213-221
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The author perf ormeo microsurgery of the larynx in 23 patients who complained of hoarseness caused by lesions as small as or smaller than the size of a “typical” nodule, The patients included six men and 17 women. Nineteen had a history of vocal abuse. Their lesions were classified as “typical” bilateral nodules in three patients, “ atypical” bilateral nodules in four, unilateral nodules in five, polyps in five, coexistence of nodule and polyp in three, cyst in two, and coexistence of polyp, nodule and polypoid change in the remainingone. Lesions in five patients were complicated by microvascular pathologies. Mean airflow rate in most patients was distributed within the normal range and did not show significant change after operation. By contrast, AC/DC ratio and acoustic measures (H/N ratio, jitter and shimmer) showed significant improvement after operation (p <0.05) . Detailed preoperative examination and meticulous manipulation during the operation is required bacause these tiny lesions are usually atypical and of more than two different kinds, and because they often occur in professional voice users.
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  • Noboru Otsuka
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 222-228
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The reliability of articulation judgment depends on agreement in hearing impressions among multiple evaluators or within an individual evaluator. Although high agreement has been generally considered reliable, some scholars claim it is low agreement that shows reliability in the case of distorted articulation.
    This paper deals with dictations of monosyllables by a child with lateral articulation. 15 evaluators provided judgment. Results were as follows. (1) For some monosyllables, most evaluators were able to distinguish correctly. (2) For some monosyllables, they almost all distinguished incorrectly. (3) For the remaining monosyllables, their judgments showed low coincidence.
    These tendencies appeared even among judgments by individual evaluators. These findings suggest that reliabilidy of judgment is not predicated on this coincident evaluation of dictation, but rather on the number of right or wrong answers.
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  • -Based on Ability of Manual Diadochokinesis in Interfering Manual Movements with the Opposite Hand-
    Hiroaki Kobayashi, Kikuko Hayasaka
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 229-236
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We investigated the concurrent finger movements of 27 children who have stuttering and phonological disorders (S+P), 27 children who suffer from stuttering alone (S+NP), and 27 children who have neither stuttering nor phonological disorders (NS+NP) (N=81; age length: 5: 6-11: 5) . The concurrent finger movements consisted of finger tapping with one hand and manual reactions followed by a buzzer sounded at regular intervals with the opposite hand. We regarded the manual reactions with the opposite hand as the interference of finger tapping with the other hand.
    The results of this examination indicated that (1) the speed of manual tapping in the S+ P subjects was significantly inferior to the speed of tapping in the S+NP and NS+NP subjects; (2) the speed of manual tapping in S+NP subjects was similar to the speed of tapping in the NS+NP subjects; and (3) there were some differences among the three experimental groups in the reaction time of the left hand even though there were no differences among the three groups in reaction time of the right hand. Based on these results, we discuss the possibility that S+P children comprise a subtype of stutterers characterized by poor coordinative movements.
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  • —Through Integration of Direct and Indirect Treatments—
    Kikuko Hayasaka, Hiroaki Kobayashi
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 237-242
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We obtained exallent results in treating a severely stuttering child. We taught him to manipulate his stutter and to adopt his attitude so as not to fear stuttering.
    Onset of stuttering was at 2 years 10 months, and the first consultation was at 6 years 7 months. During this interm stuttring had become worse. Stuttering symptoms were almost all of the block type, and accessory symptoms were notable. Even more conspicuous was an attitude seeking to avoid stuttering. The child was overly sensitive, and he withdrew when his parents and elder sister pressured him.
    In order to change this environment and his character, we offered counseling and guidance to his parents, and provided play threrapy to the child. When improvement in his psychological state, we began direct therapy for stuttering and taught him to stutter fluently. As a result, he acquired ability to stutter fluently and tell his worry about stuttering to his parents.
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  • Nobuko Hirano, Sei Nakajima, Michio Kawano, Keiko Mitamura, Kyoko Kuni ...
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 243-249
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We investigated the developmental process of Japanese consonant articulation using labials in a normal child and in a child with cleft palate.
    We tape-recorded meaningful speech sounds of the normal child from the age of 1 year and 1 month to 9 years. Afterward, we reproduced and described them. We then did the same for the child with cleft palate from the age of 1 year and 8 months to 6 years and 1 month.
    The normal child articulated bilabials earlier than dentals or alvelolas in the process of developing consonant articulation, she articulated glottal stops in place of bilabials. Through analysis of consonant articulation developmert, we found the same tendencies in the child with cleft palate.
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  • —Is Tone Deafness Really Deafness?—
    Toru Yuba
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 250-254
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Tadahiro Murao
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 255-259
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Since the 1960's, hundreds of research papers concerning poor pitch singing have appeared in Europe and North America. In Japan, on the other hand, a small number of researches have been conducted only beginning in the 1990's. In this paper, we briefly overview previous studies reated to poor pitch singing and report our own recent approach using visual feedback system“VSG”.
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  • Sumi Shigeno
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 260-265
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Individuals who are unable to judge tone intervals correctly or play music or sing songs with the correct tone intervals, although they have no physiological problems, are called “cognitive tone deaf” in this paper in order to discriminate them from those who have physiological defects. What, and why, do the cognitive deaf people find difficult in music? The discussion focuses on : (1) two characteristics of tonal pitch—tone height and tone chroma ; (2) two kinds of pitch sensitivity—absolute pitch and relative pitch ; and (3) categorical perception in music. It was found that cognitive deaf people cannot perceive pitch or tone intervals categorically and as a result they retain pitch and tone intervals in the sensory memory, which is very short-lived and unstable. Accordingly, the cognitive tone deaf easily forget correct pitch and tone intervals because of their memory system. The findings further suggested that if cognitive deaf people acquire relative pitch, their musical performances will improve.
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  • Kimitaka Kaga
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 266-271
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Masahiro Tanabe, Shinzo Tanaka, Manabu Minoyama
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 272-275
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Thyroplasty type 1 has been indicated for cases exhibiting a small glottal gap during phonation. This technique has been considered to have little effect on cases with a large glottal gap or when there is a difference in level between the two cords. To apply this operation to patients with a larger glottal chink, we modified the surgical technique to allow for insertion of a large silastlc prosthesis. Severing the perichondrium may cause intrusion of the prosthesis into the thyroarytenoid muscle, which in turn may impede vocal cord vibration. To insert the larger prosthesis without severing the inner perichondrium, the perichondrium surrounding the window was elevated broadly. The window was made about 3 mm posterior to the original method in order to improve the posterior glottal gap. Although this modified thyroplasty type 1 may be applied to most patients with a large glottal gap, the arytenoid adduction technique may be necessary in some extraordinary cases.
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  • Katsuhiko Tetsuka, Niro Tayama, Ryuzaburo Higo, Seiji Niimi
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 276-278
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Kazutomo Kitajima, Hideyuki Kataoka, Takayo Yamana, Yuko Asada, Satosh ...
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 279-282
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We performed arytenoid adduction by pulling the lateral cricoarytenoid muscle (Iwamura) for unilateral vocal fold paralysis. The detailed proeedures of the operation and results are described. The subjects were 21 patients whose maximal phona-tion time (MPT) were under 9 seconds. Fourteen among the 21 patients had thyroplasty type I as an adjunct to the arytenoid adduction, Sixteen patients (76%) were able to extend their MPT beyond 10 seconds, which could stand comparison with Isshiki's original tech-nique for adduction.
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  • Kazunori Mori, Hirohito Umeno, Keiichi Chidiwa, Atsushi Kikuchi, Buich ...
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 283-289
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Since 1983, at Kurume University Hospital, transcutaneous Intrafold silicone injection (TCIFSI) has been employed as the first choice in almost all cases with unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) . The reliability, long-term effectiveness, and factors affecting vocal function after this procedure were examined based upon 325 patients with UVFP who underwent TCIFSI.
    TCIFSI resulted in a dramatic improvement of vocal function, with stability enduring for a long period. In addition, the safety of TCIFSI was also shown. Repeated injections of silicone were also effective.
    With respect to factors affecting vocal function after TCIFSI, the following eight factors were seen to have no singnificant relationship with vocal function after TCIFSI : gender, laterality, period after onset of UVFP, EMG findings, extent of aspiration, position of paralyzed vocal fold, volume of injected silicone, and extent of bowing of paralyzed vocal fold. On the contrary, the following cases were shown to be good indications of TCIFSI : 1) young patients with UVEP due to neck disease, 2) patients with width of posterior glottal gap during phonation less than 10 % of the length of the membranous portion of the vocal fold, 3) patients with maximum phonation time more than 3 sec, and 4) patients with mean air flow rate during comfortable phonation less than 400 ml/sec.
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  • [in Japanese]
    2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 290
    Published: July 20, 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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