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Volume 46 (2005)
- Issue 4 Pages 237-
- Issue 3 Pages 167-
- Issue 2 Pages 105-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 46, Issue 3
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Yukiko Yokoyama, Hideto Saigusa, Toshiaki Yagi, Seiji Niimi2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 167-173
Published: July 20, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe reported a case of progressive sensorineural hearing impairment and dysphagia induced as late complications of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer.
The patient was a 64-year-old male who had received radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer at the age of 37. Twelve years after the radiotherapy, he complained of gradually progressive bilateral hearing impairment and dysphagia.
The structures of the oral cavity, pharyngeal cavity, and larynx were found to be atrophic. The hypoglossal nerve on the right side was also affected. Electromyographic examination of the genioglossus muscle on the right side showed a pattern of myokymic discharges. Chronic radio-dermatitic change was observed around the upper neck and the submandibular regions.
Pure tone audiometry revealed bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment particularly for higher frequencies. Maximum speech recognition scores were worse than the results of the audiometry indicated, and there were no auditory brainstem responses. DP-OAE response was not disturbed, however. These results indicated that the sensorineural hearing impairment originated mainly from disturbance of the fibers of the auditory nerves. Administrations of Prednisolone, PGE1and Warfarin were unable to stop the bilateral hearing impairment and dysphagia from progressing.View full abstractDownload PDF (5204K) -
Sayoko Takano, Kiyoshi Honda2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 174-178
Published: July 20, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) excels at three-dimensional visualization of the living body and is used for functional analysis of speech organs. Despite MRI's many advantages, however, this technique has several problems with respect to laryngeal observation: image resolution and signal-to-noise ratio are insufficient because of the small size of the larynx, and respiratory effort results in motion artifacts in the images. In this study, two attempts were made to solve these problems: a custom larynx coil was built by modifying the antenna of a small circular coil, and a phonation-synchronized imaging method was devised to avoid motion artifacts. Applying these techniques in combination, we obtained laryngeal images from a male subject during repetitions of the vowel /i/ at normal voice pitch (120 Hz) and high pitch (180 Hz) . The images were of sufficient quality for visualizing the cartilages, which allowed us to measure movements of the cricothyroid joint. Our findings in this case indicated that the cricothyroid joint demonstrates a rotation of 5 degrees and a translation of 1 mm between the two pitch levels.View full abstractDownload PDF (7074K) -
Gen Yoshimura, Takeshi Uchiyama, Motoichiro Kato2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 179-184
Published: July 20, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo explore the cortical activation of vocalization, we measured evoked magnetic fields (EFs) related to time-locked imaginary vocalization using magnetoencephalography (MEG) . We demonstrated a unique procedure which synchronized auditory stimuli with visually presented images, and made comparisons before and after imaginary vocalization. Since MEG measurements have high temporal resolution, we used visual stimuli for subjects who have the timing of silent articulation, and subtracted responses in each case. With this paradigm, brain activities of the right frontotemporal region and right insular area were detected at a latency of around 160 ms. These activations were thought to be the initial brain activity of human vocalization.View full abstractDownload PDF (2772K) -
—As a Screening Intelligence Test for Children with Learning Disorder and Acquired Childhood Aphasia—Akira Uno, Naoko Shinya, Noriko Haruhara, Masato Kaneko2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 185-189
Published: July 20, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study is to investigate use of Raven's coloured progressive matrices (RCPM) as an intelligence test for Japanese children. The subjects were 644 schoolchildren in second to sixth grades at two public primary schools in a city near Tokyo with a population of 400, 000. The second-graders scored 29.5 on average with 5.6 as their standard deviation. Their scores became higher as the subjects got older, and the sixth-graders scored 33.0 on average with 3.8 as their standard deviation. Cronbach's alpha and the significant correlation between RCPM and WISC-III demonstrated that RCPM has both reliability and validity as an intelligence test for children. These data suggest that RCPM is appropriate for use as an intelligence test for Japanese children.View full abstractDownload PDF (711K) -
Yuki Hara2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 190-195
Published: July 20, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is generally agreed that the onset of stuttering occurs during childhood in most cases. In the present paper, the process of treatment of a girl (3 years and 4 months) who began to stutter at the age of 1 year and 9 months was reported. Through the experience of the treatment spanning 3 years, the following points for treating stuttering in preschool children were suggested: (1) instruction designed to increase the child's experience of fluent speech; (2) adjustment of environmental factors affecting effective communication; (3) proper attempts to decrease negative feelings toward one's own stuttering. We could facilitate fluency using the “Easy Relaxed Speech” model, which could also serve as a proper model of communication for parents. This case had awareness of stuttering in her early childhood. It was important for speech therapists to listen to the child's speech carefully, and to confront the problem through good and natural communication with both the child and its parents. It was also important to give the child abundant opportunities for self-affirmative speech experiences in order to obtain self-confidence.View full abstractDownload PDF (832K) -
Hideto Saigusa2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 196-200
Published: July 20, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSwallowing disorders can be caused by local dysfunctions (I call“local swallowing dysfunction”), such as oropharyngeal and laryngeal dysfunctions or defects, and by general dysfunctions (I call“general swallowing dysfunction”) relating to ability to maintain body and head posture, coughing up phlegm, consciousness, and so on. In particular, general swallowing dysfunctions can affect total swallowing function, and directly induce swallowing disorders. When treating swallowing disorders, it is important to consider not only biological problems (nutrition disorder, aspiration pneumonia), but also problems relating to the patient's psychological state, family and social and economi-cal conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (2925K)
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