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Volume 47 (2006)
- Issue 4 Pages 365-
- Issue 3 Pages 268-
- Issue 2 Pages 143-
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Volume 47, Issue 1
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Shigeru Hirano, Kunihiko Nagahara2006 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 1-4
Published: January 20, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is important to fully explore the anterior commissure in laser treatment of early glottic cancer in order to achieve better local control. The Zeitels laryngoscope is designed to obtain improved exposure of the anterior glottis, but has some difficulties in the management of supraglottic regions. We have used two different types of laryngoscopes including the Zeitels scope for six patients with early glottic cancer. The supraglottic structures were managed using an ordinary round-shape scope, and then glottic tumors were resected under Zeitels direct laryngoscopy. We found that this procedure facilitated an adequate resection of glottic cancer by laser, and no recurrence has been detected one year after the procedure. These findings suggest that a Zeitels laryngoscope is useful in intraoperative assessment of tumor spread and adequate tumor resection.View full abstractDownload PDF (2245K) -
Emi Ohara, Motonobu Itoh, Yoshinobu Kikuchi2006 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 5-15
Published: January 20, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study investigated characteristics of the speech of skilled esophageal speakers. The esophageal speech of nine laryngectomized males was analyzed acoustically as well as perceptually. Fifteen undergraduate students judged the intelligibility of single syllables, words, sentences and passages of the esophageal speakers. Results showed that there were great differences between high-intelligibility speakers and lowintelligibility speakers in terms of maximum phonation times and sound error patterns. The speakers with high speech intelligibility showed longer maximum phonation times and rather fixed sound error patterns. As reasons for the low intelligibility of esophageal speakers, many researchers have pointed out multiple factors such as difficulty of keeping a high sound pressure level, noisy voices due to unstable soundwave cycles and difficulty of articulation for certain sounds. Besides these factors, the results of this study suggest that inconsistent error patterns of sounds and unintelligible end parts of utterances caused by insufficient phonation time also contribute to reduction of speech intelligibility among esophageal speakers.View full abstractDownload PDF (1652K) -
Naomi Sakai, Koichi Mori, Emi Ozawa, Akiko Mochida2006 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 16-24
Published: January 20, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMost stutterers can speak fluently when they time their speech to the rhythmic beat of a metronome. Although metronomes have been widely used for the treatment of stuttering, their effect is reportedly difficult to transfer to daily life. We devised a miniaturized portable electronic metronome that can be worn behind the ear, and applied it to an adult who stutters. The metronome can be programmed for a beat rate from 6 to 200 tone pips per minute, around which the user can adjust the rate up to ±10 or ±20%. The device has a switch enabling the user to set two levels of loudness programmed from 20 to 90 dB SPL. Our adult stutterer wore the device when she used the telephone during a period of three-and-a-half months. A reduction in the frequency of disfluency in her speech was observed not only during phone calls but also in the therapy room. The subject had earlier exhibited a tendency to avoid the telephone, but became able to call actively with use of the behind-the-ear metronome. She evaluated the device positively because she felt her stuttering improved in terms of naturalness of speech and reduced avoidance of verbal interaction.View full abstractDownload PDF (3364K) -
Yoshio Miki, Kanji Nohara, Kentarou Okuno2006 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 25-33
Published: January 20, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study investigated the influence of conversation frequency with a glossectomized patient on the listener's audition ability. A 100-syllable Japanese speech intelligibility test was administered. Three sound listeners who have different frequencies of conversation with a glossectomized patient were chosen as subjects. The subject who had low conversation frequency with the patient obtained an especially low score of intelligibility for contracted sounds, syllables containing /i/, stops, velars and bilabials. But the subjects who had higher conversation frequency with the patient obtained higher scores of intelligibility. Such tendency was not true for semi-vowels and palatals, however. It was further revealed that the patient, who served as the fourth subject, acquired superior listening ability for his own abnormal articulation within a short period. These findings confirm that repetitive conversations with a patient a) cause the listener to habituate to a patient's abnormal articulation and b) improve the listener's audition ability for most abnormal speech.View full abstractDownload PDF (1358K) -
Tomofumi Sasaki, Hidemi Itoh, Hiroko Nakahara, Satoshi Imaizumi2006 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 34-42
Published: January 20, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to obtain basic information for determining mandibular position, the effects of augmentation of the S-shaped frontal palate on lingual-mandibular articulation and resulting acoustic characteristics were investigated for the Japanese /s/ sound through simultaneous electro-palatographic, sirognathographic, and sound-spectrographic observations.
Five adults with healthy dentition were the subjects. The test words were meaningful/asa/ (morning) and /asu/ (tomorrow), consisting of a target consonant /s/ with a preceding vowel /a/ and a succeeding vowel of wide /a/ or narrow /u/.
Results showed that, through augmentation of the S-shaped frontal palate, the lingualpalatal constriction and fricative segment of /s/ are significantly prolonged, and stable duration of the mandibular vertical movement is also prolonged particularly for /asu/. The vertical distance of the mandible from the intercuspal position is significantly enlarged for both test words.
These results suggests that the shape of the frontal palate significantly influences mandibular and lingual articulatory movements and resulting speech acoustics, and that /asu/, which is affected more by augmentation, is more useful than /asa/ as a test word in determining mandibular position.View full abstractDownload PDF (1504K) -
2006 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 72-122
Published: January 20, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (9283K)
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