All issues
Volume 49 (2008)
- Issue 4 Pages 237-
- Issue 3 Pages 149-
- Issue 2 Pages 101-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 49, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
—An fMRI Study—Midori Homma, Satoshi Imaizumi, Masaharu Maruishi, Hiroyuki Muranaka2008 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 237-247
Published: October 20, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the role of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dMPFC) when listening participants are evaluating a speaker's pleasant or unpleasant mental state and also judging their own pleasant or unpleasant mental state through event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis. The speech materials were linguistically positive and negative short phrases uttered in a pleasant or unpleasant emotional tone (i.e. affective prosody) . The brain imaging results show that the dMPFC is commonly activated in both the listener's own and the speaker's mind evaluation tasks. Furthermore, the dMPFC activation is significantly stronger when the listener is evaluating his or her own mind than when evaluating the speaker's mind. With respect to reaction time and rate of concordance between the intention of the speaker and the listener's judgment, there was significant interaction between linguistic meaning and affective prosody in both tasks. However, the main effect of affective prosody was significant only in the task evaluating the speaker's mind. These results suggest that the linguistic meaning and affective prosody of utterances interfere with each other to generate coherent interpretation of a speaker's mind.View full abstractDownload PDF (3870K) -
—Trial Preparation of a Valuation Table—Megumi Maeoka2008 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 248-253
Published: October 20, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the performance of speech-language-hearing therapy of aphasic persons, it is important to build a disciplined training system enabling improvement of QOL. For the present purposes, I created a valuation table paying attention to “active attitude” as a parameter linked to the QOL of aphasic persons, and examined the fundamental items. The table consists of 6 aspects divided into a total of 25 subentries. Six staff members assessed 15 aphasic persons using this table. The results suggested that the table is highly reliable and effective for evaluating the active attitude of aphasic persons, as 23 items out of 25 agreed amongst the evaluating staff. Also, the results indicated that although the aspects of “interest in things, ”“participation, ”and “actions in daily life” were good, the characteristics of the active attitude of the aphasic persons relating to interpersonal consciousness, utterance behavior, and social behavior were not considered to be good. As for subentries, while the non-verbal items were good, “topic changing, ”“topic offering, ” “leadership role, ”“directive behavior, ”“consideration for others, ” and “helping behavior” were not good.View full abstractDownload PDF (956K) -
Atsushi Sakai, Akihito Hori, Akira Uno2008 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 254-264
Published: October 20, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the cooperative relationship between medical staff and teachers when supporting children with learning disabilities (LD) . The participants were 140 medical staff including doctors, speech therapists and clinical psychologists. They completed questionnaires asking: 1) awareness of necessity of and experience in cooperating with teachers, 2) routine medical treatment, 3) efforts to learn skills to support children with LD, and 4) anxiety toward cooperating with teachers.
The results showed that even though medical staff strongly felt the necessity for cooperating with teachers, they had only limited experience in working with teachers. The doctors had more cooperative experience with teachers than other medical staff, and this suggested that the doctor would play a key role when working with teachers.
A structural equation analysis with path model showed that frequency of assessment enhanced the medical staff's support to teachers, which in turn led to improved cooperation between medical staff and teachers for supporting children with LD. Frequency of assessment increased when the medical staff was actively communicating with parents/class teachers.View full abstractDownload PDF (1694K) -
Akiko Yuge, Sanae Okabe, Hiroyo Ishida, Keiko Suzuki, Takashi Masaki, ...2008 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 265-272
Published: October 20, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present paper reports on trial training for a child with submucous cleft palate exhibiting delayed speech development characterized by problems in Phonological awareness. After initial surgery for submucous cleft, the child still presented velopharyngeal closure dysfunction and various articulatory errors secondary to incomplete velopharyngeal closure together with inconsistent syllabic errors which improved only during reading. Since it was thought that the child had problems in phonological awareness —a fact confirmed by appropriate language tests— trial training to improve phonological awareness was attempted, combined with ordinary articulatory training after an additional pharyngeal flap surgery. The result was marked improvement in speech intelligibility from scale 2 to 4 by the age of 8 years. These findings suggest that evaluation and training for phonological awareness are important in certain cleft palate cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (1201K) -
Fumiyuki Goto, Haruna Yabe2008 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 273-276
Published: October 20, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, the importance of auditory training to prevent and improve lateonset auditory deprivation has been reported. Although ideally the training should be performed in cooperation with a speech therapist, a simpler method of auditory training should be investigated. Here we report a case of profound Sensorineural hearing loss whose speech discrimination was successfully improved by bibliotherapy using a book entitled “Brain Training” for a period of one month. The case was a 77-year-old female. She visited our hospital in July 2005 complaining of profound hearing loss in her left ear for 10 years and in her right ear for 3 months. Her speech discrimination was 30% in the right ear and 20% in the left. Informed consent was obtained for her to undertake self-auditory training at home. As homework she was instructed to perform reading drills using a book entitled “Adult Reading Drills That Strengthen The Brain” written by R. Kawashima and to read newspapers aloud at least 15 minutes a day. After one month her speech discrimination was significantly improved both subjectively and objectively. Speech discrimination with her right ear improved from 30% to 60%. The mechanism of this improvement should be investigated in further research.View full abstractDownload PDF (588K) -
Seishi Sawamura2008 Volume 49 Issue 4 Pages 277-280
Published: October 20, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCommunity-based rehabilitation refers to the work of all those involved in medical and social care who aim to enable the elderly and people with disabilities to live out their lives actively within the communities where they have always lived. This paper presents a future vision of community-based rehabilitation in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (628K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|