Nematological Research (Japanese Journal of Nematology)

Infectivity of Entomopathogenic Nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, as Affected by the Emergence Time from the Host Cadaver

Xiao-Dong WANG, Eizo KONDO, Nobuyoshi ISHIBASHI

1997 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
Published: August 30, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3725/jjn1993.27.1_1

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Selected morphometrics of Steinernema carpocapsae infective juveniles (IJs) and their infective behavior were investigated in relation to the harvest time. Thebody length was 631.8 ± 9.15, 594.0± 12.5, and 567.2± 11.5, μm for the IJs harvested on day 1, 4, and 8 from host cadavers of Galleria mellonella, respectively. The nictation rates of IJs correspondingly decreased from 22.1% on day 1 harvest to 18.3% and 9.2% on day 4 and day 8 harvest, respectively. The infectivity of these three consecutive harvests was tested by one-on-one test, and also showed the decline of the mortality of host insects with increasing in the harvest time. These results suggest thatthe S. carpocapsae has two phases, the active and inactive host seeking periods to evade the risk of extinction.

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Effect of Temperature on the Development and Reproduction of Ditylenchus angustus on Fungal Mat of Botrytis cinerea

Rustom ALT, Eizo KONDO, Nobuyoshi ISHIBASHI

1997 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 7-13
Published: August 30, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3725/jjn1993.27.1_7

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The effects of temperatures on embryonic and post-embryonic development and on reproduction of Ditylenchus angustus were investigated. The rate of embryonic and post-embryonic development was linear ranging from 15 to 30°C. The lowest mortality and the highest egg hatching occurred at 25°C. The eggs failed to hatch at 35°C. The developmental zero degree for embryonic and post embryonic development werecalculated to be 10.6 and 10.0°C. The development of D. angustus on Botrytis cinerea from egg to egg took 8.9, 9.8, 17.2 and 34.0 days at 30, 25, 20 and 15°C, respectively. Twenty five days after inoculation on fungal mat of B. cinerea, D. angustus wasmultiplied to 32, 800, 16, 000 and 9, 000 from the original population of 200 at 25, 30 and 20°C, respectively.

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An Effect of Inoculum Quantity of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) on the Nematode Load of Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Laboratory

Takuya AIKAWA, Katsumi TOGASHI

1997 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 14-21
Published: August 30, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3725/jjn1993.27.1_14

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To determine the effect of the inoculum quantity of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus on the initial number of nematodes carried by adult Monochamus alternatus (the initial nematode load) in the modified nematode-loading method of MAEHARA and FUTAI, Pinus densiflora bolts were inoculated with the 4 different inoculum quantities of 1, 000, 5, 000, 10, 000 and 50, 000 nematodes, respectively. The inoculum quantity had no effects on the initial nematode load. A statistical analysis indicated that the variation in the initial nematode load was significantly explained both by the time required from the B. xylophilus nematode and larval M. alternatus inoculation on pine bolts to the adult vector emergence from the bolts and by the abundance level of the fourth-stage dispersal juvenile of B. xylophilus standing or swaying on the wall of artificial pupal chamber just after the beetle emergence.

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Strongyloides ratti: Accumulating Behavior of the Third Stage Larvae to Sodium Ion

Isao TADA, Masataka KOGA, Shinjiro HAMANO, Hiroo HIGO, Kazuaki TANAKA

1997 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 22-29
Published: August 30, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3725/jjn1993.27.1_22

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Accumulating behavior of the third stage larvae (L₃) of Strongyloides ratti toward Na ⁺ was found on agarose assay plates, but not to K⁺, Ca⁺⁺, and Mg⁺⁺ ions. Accumulation to the Na⁺-applied sites were suppressed when sodium compounds were previously dissolved in agarose plate. These evidences suggest that L₃ of this nematode are provided with Na ⁺ sensitive receptors which probably play an important role in the migration in host's body.

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Parasitic nematodes of Japanese murids

Its hosts, life cycle and geographical occurrence

Mitsuhiko ASAKAWA

1997 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 30-37
Published: August 30, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3725/jjn1993.27.1_30

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As part of a zoogeographical research project, an analysis was made of the parasitic nematode fauna associated with the Japanese murid species of the genera Clethrionomys, Eothenomys, Microtus and Apodemus. The analysis was carried out utilizing published papers, mainly ASAKAWA (1995), and tabulating the nematode species recorded in Japan. A total of 36 nematode species (16 families and 24 genera) were recorded from the host genera. The general feature of the life cycle of the nematode families or genera, and the geographical occurrence of each species, especially the species belonging to the families Heligmosomidae, Heligmonellidae and Oxyuridae, were presented.

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