The anther had already reported this opinion (1957, '61, '63) that grey type of Nipponia nippon is not a color phase but the nuptial coloration plumage. This was again confirmed in two young birds kept to adult in captivity cone died later since 1965.
The young is dirty white first (not pure white as in adults) asuming pinkish wash in later autumn. The outer two primaries have brown edgings. Though the second year including the breeding season, the plumage was white, and in the third year, it became grey on the crest, neck to the back from February. This grey plumage was replaced by molting by pure white feathers in late September. It is unknown by what cause this pure white feathers become washed with grey in February.

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1. 筆者は1962年5月22日より6月1日まで奄美諸島の奄美大島,徳之島,沖永良部島の鳥類を調査した。
2. この調査により,奄美大島より34種(新報告3種を含む),徳之島より22種(新報告5種を含む),沖永良部島より27種(新報告10種を含む)が記録された。その全種類及び観察個体数をTable 1にて示した。
3. 奄美大島でヤクシマキビタキ(アマミキビタキ)が唯2例観察されたが,その生息環境•鳴声•垂直分布等について述べた。
4. 奄美大島名瀬で,リュウキュウツバメがコンクリート製石橋の裏面に造巣する例が発見された。
5. 奄美諸島に於てはクロサギ白色型(いわゆるシロクロサギ)は必らずしも稀ではなく,沖永良部島では白,黒両型が番を構成している1例が観察された。その1巣について営巣場所,巣材,測定値等を記した。また鳴声の1例についても併せて記した。
6. 鳥の俗称の中から,従来未採録と思われるもの5例について紹介した。

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(1) Ozawa (1966) reported the Brown booby, Sula leucogaster ranged as far north as Kusagaki-jima and Sumisu-to, froming the northernmost limit of its breed-ing range, likely on the latter island, in the North-west Pacific Ocean. After that, observations of the Brown booby and other species around these islands were carried out by two ships, the Umitaka Maru and Seiyo Maru, of the Tokyo University of Fisheries. The Umitaka Maru cruised around Kusagaki-jima in July, 1967 and Tori-shima west of the Danjyo-guntto in August 1967. Sumisu-to was observed by the cruises of the Seiyo Maru in July, 1966 and July, 1967 as well as by the Umitaka Maru in February, 1968. The Umitaka Maru cruised around Sofu-gan lying approximately 40 miles south of Tori-shima, Izu-retto on her way northward to Sumisu-to on February 18, 1968.
(2) In total 1669 Brown boobies consisted of 6 individuals and 50 flocks were recorded at sea from 42 miles east of Kusagaki-jima westward to the Islands during the period of 1600-1900 (Sunset time) July 23, 1967. The Brown booby flying towards the Islands (nesting place) increased in percentages and the average number per flock decreased as the island was near and the Sunset closed.The distance (mile), then the Brown booby came in sight without an aid of binocular, in relation to the number of the birds in a flock (n) was estimated: D (mile)=0.7 n 0. 19
(3) A total of 5 Brown boobies was recorded around Tori-shima lying 18.5 milesnorth-west of the Danjyo-guntto, west of Kyushu on August 6, 1967.
(4) The birds recorded around Sumisu-to, in July 1966 were 80 individuals in total of Sooty tern, Sterna fuscata and Common noddy, Anous stolidus and then no Brown booby. In July 1967, 7 Brown boobies and a total of 64 individuals of Sooty tern and Common noddy were observed. In February 1968, 15 individuals of the Brown booby were sighted at all.
(5) No birds were seen around Sofu-gan in February 18, 1968.

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Sea birds were counted from the upper deck of the fishing boat which fish Bonitoes, on the way between fishing-grounds and fishing ports, 1960-61. On the 1 st. and 2 nd. voyages, from Yaizu, Shizuoka to Mariana Is. July-August 1960, 5 species) Large all dark Storm Petrel Oceanodroma sp., Gadfly Petrel Pterodroma sp., Wedge-tailed Shearwater Puffinus pacificus, Streaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas and Sooty Tern Sterna fuscata) were common. On the 3 rd. and 4th. voyages, from Tago, Shizuoka to Tori-shima, May-June 1961, 3 species (Large all dark Storm Petrel sp., Slender-billed shearwater Puffinus tenuirostris and Streaked Shearwater) were common. On the 5th voyage, from Yaizu to "Higashi-Oki" (145°E, 35°N), June-July 1961, 4 species (Large all dark Storm Petrel sp., Gadfly Petrel sp., Wedge-tailed Shearwater and Streaked Shearwater) were common.

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Two hundred nest-record-cards of the Seven Is. Thrush Turdus celaenops were obtained through pupils' assistances of a junior high school in Miyake-jima, Izu Is. off Honshiu in 1963-65. 167 of them could be utilized in this paper. Main results are: 1) Common clutch size was 3 and 4 (rarely 2 and 5). Annual mean clutch size was 3.5 in 1963, 3.7 in 1964 and 3.3 in 1965, and was roughly parallel to mean temperature in April. 2) The breeding season (date of first laying) was between March and June, rarely up to August. Most birds probably breed once a year. In 1964, the warmest of the three years, the earliest breeding was recorded and in 1965, when a cold wave swept Japan in spring, breeding became active later in the season. 3) Seasonal change of the clutch size was like that of the Blackbird in Great Britain. The commonest clutch size was 3 in April, 4 in May and 3 after June. The largest clutch size, 5 eggs, was recorded from two nests in May. It attracts attention that there was difference between the time of the largest clutch size (the end of May) and the height of breeding season (from the middle of April to the middle of May). 4) The obtained data were too poor to discuss correlation between clutch size and breeding success because many nests were broken by children.

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Activity hours of the Seven Is. Thrush Turdus celaenops were calculated by its first and last call-note (or song) in a day in Miyake-jima, Izu Is. 1964. Seasonal change of activity hours was so well correlated to that of day-length that a parallel line was formed either between sun-rise and first call-note or between sun-set and last call-note as seen in Fig. 1. But each of them has a wider part respectively in May-July and in April-June, and has a narrower part in September. It may be considered that such a wider part was brought about by the special physiology of the bird in the breeding season, and the narrower one (also noted in Tree Sparrow (Miyazaki 1962)) was due to the post-breeding change in hormonal acfivity.

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Birds which follow the shoal of Bonitoes Katsuwonus pelamis were counted on the fishing-grounds in 1960-61. As an indicator of the shoal of Bonitoes, 5 species (Wedgetailed Shearwater Puffinus pacificus, Sooty Tern Sterna fuscata, Noddy Anous stolidus, Red-legged Gannet Sula sula and Brown Gannet Sula leucogaster) were important in the sea near Mariana Is., 2 species (Streaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas and Sooty Tern) were important south of Izu Is. (between 31°N and 32°N) and 2 species (Wedgetailed Shearwater and Streaked Shearwater) were important on the "Higashi-Oki" (145°E, 35°N). But on the sea near Sofugan, there was no bird which follows the shoal of Bonitoes.

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1. 1961年12月から1967年5月までに,主として冬期及び春期に海鳥,陸鳥を109種観察したので報告し,主なものについて簡単に解説した。
2. この調査によって,海鳥は生殖羽になってもかなり多くの種と,個体数が生息していることが判明し,陸鳥についてもワシ類が多く,また,ヤマガラ,アオゲラが低山にもかかわらず極めて多く周年生息していることがわかった。
3. ウミウが集団で繁殖しており,そのコロニーも害敵にあうと,一時移動することがあり,繁殖期間も3月下旬から7月までの4ヶ月位で,3月下旬には既に産座につくものもあることがわかった。
4. この調査で宮城県内での新記録の鳥として,ワシカモメ,ウミバト,ツノメドリの3種があり,本州の新記録の鳥としてウミバトがあった。
5. また夏期,高山帯に生息するホシガラス,カヤクグリ,クロジが越冬のため海岸まで渡来することがわかった。
6. このように冬期から春期にかけて多くの鳥相が観察されるのは,最大の原因として潮流があり,この潮流が多くの魚群を集め,そして海鳥と結び,陸鳥では暖流により温暖な気温を保ち,植物相,昆虫,小鳥類,猛禽類といった連鎖関係を結んでいると考えられるので今後も継続して調査したいと考える。

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There are two species of swans in Japan. One of them is the Whooper Swan, Cygnus cygnus and the other is the Eastern Bewick's Swan, Cygnus columbianus jankowskii. Both of them come from the northern and north-eastern parts of Siberia to Japan and spend some six months in this country as winter bird. The earliest arrival in Japan is late in October and the last departure is the 28th of April, according to the past observation records.
The main wintering areas of swans are Lake Toro (Kushiro), Lake Furen and Odaito Bay (Nemuro), Lake Tofutsu (Abashiri), Lake Utonai (Tomakomai), etc., in Hokkaido. In Honshu they pass the winter at Ohminato Bay and Kominato Bay (Aomori Prefecture), Lake Hyo (Niigata Prefecture), etc. A small number of swans (1-8 individuals) occasionally visit Arasaki, Kyushu.
It seems that Odaito Bay is the most important wintering area in Japan, since about ten thousand Whooper swans stay there for six months (Fig. 1). There is no other comparative wintering area in our country.
Odaito Bay is located on the eastern part of Hokkaido, between Shiretoko Peninsula and Hanasaki Peninsula (Fig. 2). The area of Odaito is estimated at about 51, 840, 000 square meters. Many kinds of seaweeds are found in this region, providing suitable food for the swans. In addition, during the winter many speciesof ducks stay in this area.
As far as I know, Eastern Bewick's swans are rarely found in Hokkaido, while there are comparatively many of them in Honshu.
About 200 Whooper swans died because of the cold wave at Odaito Bay in February, 1967. A period of successive low temperatures continued for two weeks (Fig. 3) The temperature began to go down on the 8th of February. We had never before heard that a great number of swans died from cold and starvation.
I visited Odaito Bay two times, just before and immediately after the accident, and found that there had occurred a remarkable reduction in the number of subadult swans.
On the 12th of February, 1967, 106 sub-adults (11per cent) and 893 adults (89per cent) out of the total number of 999 swans were observed. On the 26th of February, 1967 only 15 sub-adults (2per cent) and 873 adults (98per cent) out of the total number of 888 swans were found. Incidentally, about 16per cent (329 out of 2, 047) for sub-adults and 84per cent (1, 718 out of 2, 047) for adults were observed at Odaito Bay on the 12th of February, 1966 (from the colour films taken at random).
The percentages of the adults and sub-adults were estimated from the colour films which were taken at random at Odaito Bay.
In order to determine the cause of death in adult and sub-adult swans autop-sies were taken. There was found no food in any crop of the dead swans. Although no green seaweeds were seen in the gizzards of two sub-adults (Fig. 4), some grits were found. On the other hand, in the gizzard of one adult was found a trace of green seaweeds.
We could not find externally any symptoms of disease on the various internal organs.
It has been found that when the swans were healthy excreted solid fecal pellets (Fig. 5-A), but when they were weak they excreted diarrheic pellets (Fig. 5-B).It is desirable to stir the surface of the water mechanically or to make ripples by bubbling with an air compressor in order to prevent freezing of the sea water on cold nights so that the swans may have access to the seaweeds.

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The present article includes nearly all known localities of the distribution of nineteen species and subspecies of geese, swans and shelducks found in our country. In recent years (1964 and 1965), we have two interesting sight records of stragglers, Anser albifrons gambelli and Anser canagicus, which were observed at Fukuda-machi, near Sendai City. There is an older record (1925?) of A. albifrons gambelli obtained at Teganuma, Chiba Prefecture and kept in my pond, is also added.

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Aethia pusilla has not been previously reported from Sapporo, Hokkaido. On 11 March, 1965, a male bird of this species was obtained by the author on the street in Sapporo. The measurements in four dimentions of this bird and those of the 3 additional specimens of this species from the same locality preserved in the Natural History Museum, Hokkaido University.

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Three albinism and one melanism examples of Passer mnontanus collected or observed in Mie Prefecture are described. One albino was the leucism rather albinism.

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Birds were counted on the voyage from Tokyo to Hokkaido, 26-28 March, 1959. The number of birds per hour were shown and some notes were added.

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A breeding colony of Apus pacificus was found in 1967 on a coasted coastal island, Mimianajima, southern Kii Penisula, Honshu. It was in the dark crevice of the cliff about 10m from the sea surface. A nest and its chicks were examided and are described briefly.

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There are known a few heronries of Egretta but a breeding colony of the Grey Heron Ardea cinerea was first found in 1967 on a small coastal island, Sabaru I., southern Kii peninsula. Details will be reported later.

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