One of the major environmental problems facing India today is air pollution. The Indian government has already taken a number of measures to control air pollution. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of policy instruments on controlling air pollution in industrial areas in India from 1991 to 2002 with particular reference to trends in the concentration of SO
2, NO
2 and SPM. The results indicate that the concentration of SO
2 at all monitoring stations in 2002 met India's National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) as a result of measures such as the diesel-sulfur phase-out program. Also, with regard to the concentration of NO
2, the fraction of stations reporting levels above the NAAQS has gradually declined since 1997, and the national annual average of NO
2 has been within the NAAQS at the majority of monitoring stations. SPM concentrations, however, have shown no such decline. One reason for this may be that the coal produced in India has a high ash content. This paper implies that because the SPM emission levels depend on the ash content of coal, stricter measures for controlling SPM will be needed.
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