Kazoku syakaigaku kenkyu
Online ISSN : 1883-9290
Print ISSN : 0916-328X
ISSN-L : 0916-328X
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Volume 26, Issue 2
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
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  • Marriage, Family Type, and Poverty Risk
    Nobuo Kanomata
    Article type: Article
    2014 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 89-101
    Published: October 31, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4234/jjoffamilysociology.26.89
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper examines the association between “marital status and family type” and poverty risk after controlling for the effects of status in social stratification (education, employment and occupation of respondent and his/her spouse), using the SSM survey data collected nationally in 1995 and 2005. The result shows the following. First, the effects of marital status and family type on household income level and poverty are not as strong as those of status in social stratification, but are not negligible. Second, differential risks of poverty by marital status and family type had not changed in ten years. Third, between classified stages of aging, the gaps of poverty risk by family type are different in both men and women, but those by marital status are different only in men. The former differences suggest both rises in risk as a result of burdens to support other family members and reductions in risk as a result of mutual help within his/her family. Finally, poverty risks among women are more sensitive to mutual help within the family than those of men; therefore women without mutual help within the family are more vulnerable to poverty.
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  • Realities of “Being a Poor Family”:With a Focus on Descriptive Practice
    Ayumu Chinen
    Article type: Article
    2014 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 102-113
    Published: October 31, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4234/jjoffamilysociology.26.102
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Over the past decade, a large number of studies in Japan have focused on child and youth poverty. These reveal the extent to which children and youth who grow up in poor families are deprived of access to a basic standard of living. In contemporary society, families satisfy not only functional needs for people, but also identity needs. Nevertheless, previous studies have focused principally on dissatisfaction with functional needs within poor families. This paper seeks to shed light on realities of “being a poor family” from the viewpoint of identity needs, based on data obtained from participant observation and interviews with three youths from poor families. It analyzes their realities within the conceptual framework of “family-as-descriptive-practice”, developed by Gubrium and Holstein (1990, p. 28). This data indicated that realities of “being a poor family” is more fluid, relative, and pluralistic than that represented in previous studies. These findings suggest that the dimension of identity needs derived from “being a family” must be adequately considered in order to offer effective policies to support children and youth from poor families.
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  • Becoming ‘Families with a Non-heterosexual Member’: The Roles of Mothers in Avoiding ‘Family Collapse’
    Kotona Motoyama
    Article type: Article
    2014 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 114-126
    Published: October 31, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4234/jjoffamilysociology.26.114
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This article illustrates the process of how families of a non-heterosexual struggle and overcome it by focusing on roles as mother.
    Interviewing families of a non-heterosexual member unveils that, in particular, mothers of a non-heterosexual daughter struggle over “family collapse” when they are came out. Therefore, I examine the meaning of “family collapse” to mothers and the roles they take on to avoid it. In consequence, for those mothers who had constructed their identity around raising their child and establishing a family, they feel their previous roles as well as their identity as a mother are threatened when facing the fact that their child is not “normal,” i.e. non-heterosexual. In order for mothers to believe that they can avoid “family collapse,” they take on an “adjustment role” to justify their previous roles and reconstruct their identity as a mother. These behaviors can be perceived as a conservative aspect of their role. However, the new roles they actively take on result in creating a new family style, “families with a non-heterosexual member,” that could challenge heteronormativity and homophobia in “modern families.”
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  • Various Phases of Family Reunification: From Qualitative Research at a Children's Self-Reliance Support Facility
    Kota Toma
    Article type: Article
    2014 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 127-138
    Published: October 31, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4234/jjoffamilysociology.26.127
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper discusses the various phases of family reunification of children from child care facilities. Japanese social welfare studies about this notion have focused mostly on “returning the child to the family.” However, “parent–child separation” is also an important aspect of family reunification because there may be cases in which such action protects the child's rights more effectively. Based on qualitative research at a children's self-reliance support facility, this paper examines two phases of family reunification activity: support for returning to the family (phase 1) and support for family preservation (phase 2). This research reveals the many difficulties involved in both phases and shows that staff members at the facility engage in a third phase of activity as well: the distancing (Distanzierung) of parents children and children prior to family reunification.
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  • Remarriage and Changes in Life Course Patterns
    Shohei Yoda
    Article type: Article
    2014 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 139-150
    Published: October 31, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4234/jjoffamilysociology.26.139
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    This study utilizes data from the Japanese General Social Survey (2000–2002) to measure trends in remarriage rates by gender and educational level. Event history analysis reveals the following findings. First, the probability of remarriage has declined among recent cohorts entering singlehood due to either divorce or widowhood. Second, the likelihood of remarriage depends on gender and educational level. Men are more likely to get remarried than women, and the more educated have a higher probability of remarrying than the less educated. Third, the educational differentials in remarriage rates have increased across the cohorts, whereas the gender gap has decreased.
    Past studies have seen a rapid decline in first marriage rates and an increase in divorce rates. Given the demographic trends, the results of the present study imply that Japanese people face an increased risk of singlehood across their life course. The changes, however, are concentrated among socioeconomically vulnerable groups.
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