巻号一覧
13 巻 (1963)
- 3 号 p. 225-
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13 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1～13を表示しています
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吉田 博, 難波 仁, 蟹池 健一, 今泉 礼治1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 1-9
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーIt is known that catecholamine has an important role to regulate function of the brain. The sedation caused by reserpine, accompanying a decrease in the content of catecholamine in brain, is restored by administration of dopa (1-4). These results suggest that dopa is a precursor of catecholamine in brain and taken up into brain tissue from circulation system, through blood brain barrier and cell membrane, though catecholamine is considered to be difficult to permeate the blood brain barrier. Therefore, transport process of dopa into brain cell through cell membrane may have physiological meanings.
On the other hand, transport process at cell membrane is one of the most attractive biological problems. Active accumulation of amino acid in brain slices against concentration gradient has been known since a report of Stern (5), but the mechanism is remained in unclear. We examined transport of dopa into brain slices to get a clue to clarify mechanism of active transport of amino acid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (357K) -
吉田 博, 蟹池 健一, 難波 仁1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 10-17
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーIn our preceding paper (1) it was described that L-dopa is accumulated in brain slices against concentration gradient. An energy, dependent active transport . process, was assumed to be participated mainly in this phenomenon, and a possibility that Na+, K+ activated ATP-ase may be included in the process of active transport of amino acid was discussed.
It is generally known that ouabain causes a selective inhibition of active transport of cations across membranes of red blood cell, squid giant axon and others (2-4). Moreover, Na+, K+ activated ATP-ase is inhibited by low concentration of ouabain as reported by Skou (5) and Post (6). Therefore, it seems of interest to examine an effect of ouabain on the active transport of L-dopa.
On the other hand, it was reported by us that ouabain and protoveratrine caused a certain change in nerve cell membrane resulting in a decrease in potassium content of brain slices (7). In this connection, effect of protoveratrine is also examined in this paper.
Based on effects of these drugs on the active accumulation of L-dopa in brain slices, the activity of Na+, K+ activated ATP-ase and intracellular K+ concentration are proposed in this paper as factors to regulate the active transport of amino acids.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (324K) -
高崎 浩一郎, RAYMOND P. AHLQUIST1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 18-26
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーThe pulmonary circulatory changes caused by adrenergic drugs using several techniques have been demonstrated by many investigators. The pulmonary arterial pressure and the pulmonary resistance increase with epinephrine, levarterenol and phenylephrine (1-4). Isoproterenol reduces the pulmonary arterial pressure (5, 6). Methoxamine causes either no change in pulmonary arterial pressure (7) or a significant pulmonary hypotension (4, 8).
On the other hand, the idea of an adrenergic receptive mechanism was introduced by Langley (9, 10) and the receptor concept was reported by Dale (11) describing two kinds of receptors in the general circulation: receptors having an action resulting in excitation and receptors having an action resulting inhibition of the effector cells. But these two kinds of receptors do not exist in all the places of the body both together, sometimes, only one kind of receptor can be found in some places. We have classified the adrenergic receptors in several organs of the body using several adrenergic drugs and the adrenergic blocking agents (12-16).
We have attempted to demonstrate in this paper the kind of adrenergic receptor existing in the pulmonary circulation since no references exist on this problem, even though many investigators have observed the action of adrenergic drugs in the pulmonary circulation, using a limited lung circulation technique and maintaining as normal a circulation as possible.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (394K) -
額田 忠篤1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 27-35
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーIt is well known that Zsigmondy (1) developed the preparation method of goldsol and investigated its physical and physiological properties. Later Lange (2-4) applied goldsolreaction to the cerebrospinal fluid, and it was introduced as Lange's Goldsolreaction. But the reaction mechanism of colloidal gold test is still unknown and is open to further study. The albumin which is essential element in cerebrospinal fluid has protecting action for goldsol, while the globulin acts coagulative for goldsol. If globulin is increased pathologically and albumin to globulin ratio (A/G) is decreased, colloid protecting action of cerebrospinal fluid may grow weak and the color of the goldsol suspension with cerebrospinal fluid changes in various degrees by increasing colloid lability. Since Maclagan et al. (5) examined extensively goldsolreaction with cerebrospinal fluid and blood after his research for conservation of goldsol, goldsolreaction has become to be utilized generally for clinical examination.
Nishino (6) who applied the goldsolreaction to antigen-antibody reaction found that the color of the medium altered when the antigen was added to the system in which goldsol was protected by antiserum against sodium chloride. By the addition of antigen, the protecting action of antibody for goldsol was weakend and goldsol was coagulated.
In the present paper, the author represents some results on the goldsolreaction applying to the enzymological studies.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (380K) -
樋口 秀雄, 松尾 高明, 中谷 〓二, 島本 暉朗1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 36-42
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーOne of the side actions which restrict the clinical use of reserpine is a strong and long-lasting mental depression. Looking for other reserpine-like alkaloids less toxic and more useful for clinical trials than reserpine, Velluz et al. (1, 2) have presented 10-methoxydeserpidine (decaserpine), an isomer of reserpine.
The pharmacological effects of decaserpine have been reported in detail by Mir and Lewis (3). When the initial blood pressure of an anesthetized cat was considerably high, the intravenous injection of decaserpine caused a gradual fall and bradycardia, and increased the pressor responses to adrenaline and noradrenaline. The intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg of decaserpine did cause neither ptosis, diarrhea nor sedation in rats. In mice, however, the intraperitoneal injection of 40 to 80 mg/kg of decaserpine induced drowsiness and decrease of spontaneous motor activity in a similar manner to the appropriate dose of reserpine.
On the other hand, Leroy and Schaepdryver (4) have reported that the intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg of decaserpine did not affect the content of catecholamine in the brain and heart of cat 24 hours after the injection. In the previous report (5), the authors studied the time course of the depletion of noradrenaline in the brain and atrium, and of adrenaline in the adrenal glands of rabbit induced by the intravenous or intracarotid injection of reserpine.
In this report, the effects of the intravenous and intracarotid injections of decaserpine on the content of noradrenaline and adrenaline in the tissues were likewise studied in rabbits. Besides, the same effects of tetrabenazine which has been reported to deplete less catecholamine from the peripheral organs than from the brain (6, 7), and of xylopinine which has been reported to show weak sedation and a considerably strong adrenolytic action in a variety of animals (8) were studied.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (342K) -
中西 弘則, 山本 博之1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 43-55
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーThe dissociation between EEG and behavior produced by reserpine in rabbit was firstly demonstrated by Rinaldi and Himwich (1). Kikuchi (2) confirmed the result that the increase of the component of the resting waves in EEG at early period of reserpine action was followed by the arousal waves. He observed the appearance of the arousal waves of EEG in all of the animals which showed a clear-cut marked sedation during 4 to 10 hours after the administration of reserpine. He further showed that the pretreatment of rabbit with methamphetamine reversed the effect of reserpine on EEG. In the early period of reserpine action the EEG of rabbit showed an arousal pattern, and later it exhibited a pattern of the resting waves, which was observed within 10 hours or more after the administration.
The pharmacological effects of decaserpine (10-methoxy deserpidine) have been reported by Mir and Lewis (3). Decaserpine did not produce sedation in a variety of animals and even large doses of decaserpine did not prolong barbiturate sleep in mice. The drug did not also produce ptosis or diarrhoea. However, when the initial blood pressure was considerably high in cat, the administration of decaserpine produced a gradual fall, and the same procedure depressed the pressor response elicited by electrical afferent stimulation of the cervical vagal nerve.
The depletion of catecholamine in the brain, atrium and adrenal gland by the intravenous injection of decaserpine in rabbit has been shown by Higuchi et al. (4). The decrease of the level of brain noradrenaline was maximal about three hours after the injection. The duration of the depletion of brain noradrenaline produced by the intravenous injection of decaserpine was shorter than that produced by the sane procedure of reserpine. The decrease of the level of brain noradrenaline caused by decaserpine almost recovered twelve hours after the injection. The depletion of noradrenaline in brain shown by Higuchi et al. (4) urged strongly the present study of the effect of decaserpine on the spontaneous EEG in rabbit.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (494K) -
山脇 忠昭1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 56-65
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーShimamoto and his coworkers (1-3) of this laboratory have shown that the adrenergic innervation of the submaxillary gland in dog mainly inhibits the cholinergically salivary secretion, especially in winter. In the dog anesthetized with amobarbital sodium they showed 1) that stimulation of the cervical sympathetic nerve or the splanchnic nerve depressed or blocked the salivary responses to stimulation of the chorda tympani and to administration of pilocarpine or acetylcholine, 2) that the intravenous injection of adrenaline or noradrenaline blocked the same responses as well, 3) that though the injection of relatively large doses of the amine elicited slight and transient secretion of the saliva with the characteristic property, the repetition of the injection progressively decreased the secretion and at last abolished it, and 4) that the inhibitory effects of the amines or the same effects obtained by stimulation of the splanchnic nerve on the cholinergically induced salivary secretion were more marked in the sympathetically denervated gland than the normal one. Further it is worth to mention that the inhibitory effects of the amines on the salivary secretion were longlasting and much stronger in winter than in summer.
It has been already reported that the submaxillary gland of various animals contains appreciable amount of catecholamine, in which noradrenaline is dominant (4, 5). Bogdanski et al. (6) showed that the salivary response of the submaxillary gland in dog to tetrabenazine was maximal three hours after the injection and it was blocked by administration of atropine and chlorisodamine and also by severance of the chorda tympani. They concluded that the salivary response to tetrabenazine derived from the central parasympathetic stimulation produced by the drug.
Supposedly, the study of the deprivation of catecholamine in the submaxillary gland may give some clue to know the mode of action of the sympathetic innervation on the salivary secretion. In this report the effects of reserpine on the salivary responses of the gland were analyzed in the dog anesthetized with amobarbital sodium and also in the spinal dog.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (459K) -
岩本 多喜男, 佐藤 哲男1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 66-73
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーRecently, various problems concerning the mechanism of the action of tranquilizing agents have gradually attracted the attention of many investigators. In the field of psychopharmacology, the depletion of catecholamines and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the brain of laboratory animals after administration of some tranquilizers were studied by many investigators (1-6). In these studies, chlorpromazine and meprobamate were found to have no effect on the depletion of the brain catecholamine contents in the physiological condition, but reserpine and tetrabenazine were found effective (7-15).
On the other hand, authors were unable to find any conclusive data in literatures whether tranquilizers affect on the brain catecholamine contents in abnormal conditions of animals, i.e., stressed state.
In relation to these reports, the effects of anxiety provoked by stress (electric shock) on the brain catecholamine levels of rats and the possibility of inhibiting effects of some tranquilizers on the catecholamine levels were investigated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (422K) -
館 俊二, 中谷 〓二, 藤原 元始1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 74-81
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーThe depressant effect of reserpine on the spontaneous contraction and transmembrane potentials of the isolated atrial preparation of rabbit has been described in detail in the previous reports (1-4). A rise instead of fall in the blood pressure due to reserpine, the reserpine reversal, was demonstrated in the dog and cat pretreated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (5, 6). Shore and Brodie (7) found that administration of reserpine to rabbits pretreated with iproniazid resulted in the sympathetic excitement. However, Eltherington and Horita (6) observed no sign of the reserpine reversal after amphetamine in mice. Shimamoto and Torii (8) observed that pretreatment of rabbits with iproniazid reversed the response of the blood pressure and the behavior to the intravenous injection of reserpine. Toda (9) of this laboratory observed that the application of monoamine oxidase inhibitors to the isolated rabbit atrium did not reverse, but delayed onset of the effect of reserpine on the atrial transmembrane potential.
Recently, Goldberg and Shideman (10) have shown that the intraperitoneal injection of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, SKF-385, depletes the myocardial noradrenaline in cats, and conversely, accumulates it in rats. Matsuo (11). of this laboratory has shown that the application of SKF-385 to the isolated atrium of rabbit does not produce significant changes in the noradrenaline content of the atria. Pepeu et al. (12) demonstrated that the pretreatment of the guinea-pig atrium with iproniazid prevented the spontaneous depletion of noradrenaline from this tissue, but that with PIH did not so.
To elucidate the mechanism of the reserpine reversal on the spontaneous contraction of the isolated atrial preparation of rabbits, the effects of the monoamine oxidase inhibitors on the depressant action of reserpine were studied.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (357K) -
戸田 昇1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 82-103
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーThere have been numerous observations to suggest that in mammals 5-hydroxytryptamine acts as a humoral agents (1, 2). Though 5-HT is very widespread in the body, there has been no literature to show the amount of 5-HT in the heart of the mammals. But in the cyclostome heart it has been shown that the amount of 5-HT is little (3). The effects of 5-HT on the blood pressure are complex and vary according to the species (2, 4). The positive inotropic and chronotropic responses of the isolated auricle of rabbit to 5-HT were demonstrated by McCawley et al. (5) and Sinha et al. (6). The latter authors confirmed that 5-HT, in concentration of 10-6, had a powerful stimulant action on the isolated auricle. Stimulation was, however, preceded by a slight and transient inhibition and followed by a marked depression. Atropine could abolish the initial inhibiting effect, but not subsequent one. Studies on the isolated papillary muscle of rabbit (7) suggested that 5-HT did not increase the strength of contraction. The results obtained from the isolated auricle of rabbit suggest that 5-HT may exert triphasic or polyphasic action.
The effects of 5-HT on the transmission of nerve impulses in the autonomic nervous system has been explored by several investigators. Reversible blockade of the ganglionic transmission by relatively large dose of 5-HT was demonstrated by Marrazzi et al. (8) and Douglas et al. (9). However, the intra-arterial injection of small dose of 5-HT potentiated the response of postsynaptic fibers and of the end organ to electrical stimulation of the cervical sympathetic nerve (10) and increased the spontaneous activity of the postganglionic structures (11). The similar potentiating effect of 5-HT on the transmission of the isolated stellate ganglion of rat was demonstrated by Hertzler (12).
It was, therefore, of interest to see whether 5-HT affected the transmembrane potential of the atrium or not. If it affects, it will be of value to see the mode of action of 5-HT on the transmembrane potential.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (997K) -
REPORT 2. THE EFFECT OF AMINOPYRINE ON THE RABBIT伴 隆志1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 104-121
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーThe mechanism of action of the antipyretic drugs has been discussed from the point of view based mainly on the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center. Since the introduction of Mayer's classical theory (1), many authors (2-6) have attributed the site of action of the drugs to the hypothalamus and other basal nuclei from their extensive studies. In the previous paper the author has studied on the effects of aminopyrine on the electroencephalogram in cats (7). The results that the manifestation of the seizure discharge of the spontaneous EEG in cat in response to aminopyrine was preceded by the manifestation of the seizure discharge or spike waves of the hypothalamic and thalamic EEG have suggested the primary site of action of aminopyrine on the diffuse region of the anterior hypothalamus.
However, the electrophysiological studies of aminopyrine by Fujita et al. (8, 9) have shown the diffuse dimensions of the site of action within the brain. The effects of aminopyrine shown by the authors, according to the general consideration, may include various aspects of the drug effects such as analgesic, antipyretic and other side effects as well as the secondary or rebound effects. In the current report attempts were made to differentiate the unique antipyretic effect of aminopyrine from the other effects either dependent or independent on the antipyresis by comparing the time course of the EEG changes.
Moreover, the effects of aminopyrine on the EEG were also studied in the rabbit which had received the pyretic doses of 2, 4-dinitrophenol.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (692K) -
吉田 博, 蟹池 健一1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 122-123
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (54K) -
額田 忠篤, 桜井 勗, 今泉 礼治1963 年 13 巻 1 号 p. 124
発行日: 1963/04/01
公開日: 2007/02/09
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (38K)
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