巻号一覧
41 巻 (1986)
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41 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の18件中1～18を表示しています
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Tomihiro IKEO, Taku NAGAO1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 1-6
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーThe positive inotropic effect of denopamine on the hypertrophied heart was studied in 12-months spontaneously hypertensive rats (12-month-SHR) with and without volume loading. Firstly, the influence of volume loading on cardiac function was studied in 12-month-SHR compared with the age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and younger WKY (4-month-WKY) as well. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and maximum rate of rise of left ventricular pressure (LV dp/dtmax) were significantly higher in SHR than in WKY and 4-month-WKY. Volume loading (saline, 2 ml/kg/min, i.v., for 10 min) caused a marked increase in LVEDP both in SHR and WKY, but a higher elevation of LVEDP was observed in SHR. LV dp/dtmax, however, was increased in WKY and more markedly in 4-month-WKY, while it was not increased in SHR. Administration of denopamine to SHR at a rate of 1 μg/kg/min, i.v., for 10 min before and during 10 min of volume loading produced a marked increase in LV dp/dtmax and a significant decrease in LVEDP. Under denopamine infusion, volume loading caused an increase in LV dp/dtmax and produced a LVEDP elevation to a similar level to that of WKY. Denopamine at this dose caused no significant effects on heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure, indicating a selective inotropic action. The present study suggests that functional cardiac reserve is reduced in the aged SHR and that denopamine increases the functional reserve of the hypertrophied heart.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (419K) -
Haruhiko SHINOZAKI, Kenji HIRATE1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 7-14
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of a newly synthesized compound, MLV-208, on drug-induced tremor were investigated in mice. The study involved a power spectral analysis of the random current induced by movement of a magnet attached to the mouse on a wire coil. To induce tremor, tremorine and harmaline were subcutaneously injected. The power spectral density function defined the frequency composition of the tremor, and its severity was determined quantitatively in terms of the mean square value of the data in any frequency range of concern. MLV-208 depressed the power spectral density of both the tremorine- and harmaline-induced tremors, but reduced more effectively the former than the latter. The peak frequency of the tremorine-induced tremor did not change in the presence of MLV-208, while MLV-208 sometimes developed a new peak of the power spectral densities of the harmaline-induced tremor in the low frequency side, in addition to the original tremor component.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (593K) -
Akira NISHIO, Asayo MIYAZAKI, Shigeru ISHIGURO, Noboru MIYAO1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 15-22
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーIn the course of studies on the effects of magnesium (Mg) depletion in the diet (0.001% Mg) on mature rats (10 week-old), it became apparent that females developed less hyperemia than males. In the females, the time of onset and severity of hyperemia were enhanced by castration, but not in the males. These data suggest that the development of hyperemia in Mg-deficient adult rats depends on the female sex hormone. The effects of administration of estradiol were examined, using immature rats (3 week-old), in relation to hyperemia and histamine metabolism. Two to 3 days after feeding young male and female rats a Mg-deficient diet, the pinnal hyperemia appeared in the same degree. The hyperemia was reduced by the administration of estradiol benzoate (0.04-0.08 mg/100 g body wt. per day, s.c.) every day. The increments in urinary histamine excretion, splenic histamine content and histidine decarboxylase activity during Mg-deficiency were markedly reduced by the administration of estradiol. The sex difference in the hyperemia which appeared upon Mg-depletion depends on the effects of the female hormone, estradiol, on histamine metabolism.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (552K) -
Kenzo TAKAHASHI, Yukio WADA, Norio TAIRA1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 23-32
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーCardiac and coronary vasodilator effects of isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) and theophylline were compared in isolated, blood-perfused papillary muscle, sino-atrial (SA) node and atrioventricular (AV) node preparations of dogs. IBMX (1 nmol-1 μmol) and theophylline (30 nmol-10 μmol) were injected intra-arterially. In paced papillary muscle preparations, both agents increased the force of contraction. In spontaneously beating papillary muscle preparations, both agents increased the rate of ventricular automaticity. In SA node preparations, both agents increased sinus rate. In AV node preparations, both agents decreased AV conduction time only when they were injected into the artery supplying the AV node. In all preparations, both agents increased coronary blood flow. However, both agents were not homogeneously effective on these cardiovascular variables, but showed selectivity in the following order: Ventricular muscle contraction≈coronary blood flow>SA nodal automaticity≈AV nodal conduction>ventricular automaticity. These results indicate that IBMX and theophylline have almost an identical profile in their cardiac and coronary vasodilator effects. The two agents were different in that IBMX was 40-50 times as potent as theophylline in producing these effects. Thus, both agents appeared to express their cardiovascular profiles mainly through inhibition of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, although theophylline has been claimed to have additional actions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (712K) -
Kazuko NEMOTO-MURATA1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 33-38
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of parotid duct ligation on amylase release from the rat parotid gland by isoproterenol was investigated in vitro. Unilateral ligation of the excretory duct progressively reduced amylase activity in the medium (the released amylase activity), but did not change the percentage of amylase release. Amylase activity in the parotid tissue decreased progressively after duct ligation, and the decrease rates of the amylase activity were very similar to that of the released amylase activity. Accordingly, the decrease of the released amylase activity after the ligation may be not due to an alteration in the amylase release mechanism, but due to the decrease of amylase content in the parotid tissue.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (340K) -
Makoto KONDO, Hiroshi FUJIWARA, Chikako TANAKA1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 39-46
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーUsing pharmacological approaches, we obtained evidence for the release of dopamine (DA) and its dopaminergic regulation in the guinea pig spinal cord. Electrical stimulation of the cord pieces increased the endogenous DA release and the efflux of [3H]dopamine ([3H] DA) from tissues preloaded with [3H] DA. The evoked release of [3H] DA was current- and frequency-dependent and was prevented by tetrodotoxin (10-6 M) or Ca2+-free medium containing EGTA (10-4 M), while benztropine allowed a recovery of a more extensive amount of [3H] DA in the superfusing medium by inhibiting the reuptake process. The stimulated [3H]-DA release was reduced by LY-171555, but not by SKF-38393 and 8-Br-cAMP. (-)Sulpiride enhanced the stimulated endogenous DA and [3H]DA release. (-)-Sulpiride reversed the inhibition of evoked [3H] DA release induced by LY-171555, while SKF-38393 and 8-Br-cAMP did not affect LY-171555-induced inhibition of evoked [3H] DA release. These findings provide additional evidence for the neurotransmitter role of DA in the spinal cord of the guinea pig, and they strongly suggest the presence of presynaptic regulation of DA release via the dopamine receptor which is the D2 type.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (588K) -
Kenji ISHII, Takashi KANO, Joichi ANDO1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 47-54
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーProperties of [3H]nitrendipine binding, high K+- and Ca++-Induced contractions and the inhibition of high K+-induced contractions by verapamil were investigated in the uterine preparations isolated from rats treated with estrogen or progesterone or both. In [3H]nitrendipine binding experiments using crude membrane fractions, treatment with estrogen alone or estrogen+progesterone significantly lowered the KD; There was very little change in the Bmax. In the Ca++-depleted, high K+-containing medium, only the progesterone-, and estrogen→progesterone-treated uteri produced contractions. The estrogen-, estrogen→progestereone-, and estrogen+progesterone-treated uteri showed decreases in concentrations of Ca++ required for the maximal contractions. In the estrogen- and estrogen+progesterone-treated uteri, the dose-response curves by verapamil were shifted to the left in a parallel manner. These findngs suggest that estrogen appeared to increase the affinity of calcium channels and increase transmembrane influx of Ca++, leading to enhancement of contractions, whereas progesterone might increase the Ca++ storage in the intracellular sites.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (712K) -
Taizo KITA, Toshikatsu NAKASHIMA, Yutaka KUROGOCHI1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 55-60
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーCircadian variation of nicotine-induced ambulatory activity in drug-naive rats was investigated. To test ambulatory activity, male Wistar rats (4 weeks of age) housed under a 12 hr light-dark cycle (light on from 6:00 to 18:00) with dawn and dusk periods (each over 2 hr), for 25 days, were injected with nicotine (0.1 or 0.5 mg/kg) at one of six times each day (2:00, 6:00, 10:00, 14:00, 18:00 and 22:00). These activities were recorded with an Ambulo-meter for 120 min immediately after subcutaneous injection of nicotine or 0.9% NaCl solution (saline). A large dose of nicotine (0.5 mg/kg) depressed the ambulatory activity and induced ataxia during the first 20 min, but the activity increased later in the test session at all times of the day. On the other hand, a small dose of nicotine (0.1 mg/kg) depressed the activity and induced ataxia during the first 20 min except at 14:00, but the activity depended on the lapse of time after the injection at all times. In circadian variations which developed higher susceptibility to the nicotine-induced ambulatory activity during successive 20 min segments of the test session, administration of a large dose of nicotine resulted in two peaks of response, one occurring at 18:00 and another at 6:00, in the periods between 0-20 and 60-80 min after injection, but the peak of susceptibility occurred at 22:00 in the periods between 80-100 and 100-120 min after injection. However, with the administration of a small dose of nicotine, there was no development of two peaks of susceptibility at any time.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (413K) -
Ikunobu MURAMATSU, Masafumi OSHITA, Shigeki HASHIMOTO, Shigeru KIGOSHI1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 61-68
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーThe pharmacological profile of a newly synthesized imidazole derivative, DJ-7141, was examined with special reference to alpha-2 adrenoceptors. In the rat vas deferens and dog mesenteric artery, DJ-7141 at concentrations over 10-9 M selectively acted on the presynaptic alpha-2 adrenoceptors on the sympathetic nerve terminals and inhibited the contractions induced by electrical transmural stimulation. The potency of DJ-7141 was almost the same as those of clonidine and guanabenz. DJ-7141 also acted on the postsynaptic alpha-2 adrenoceptors to contract the dog saphenous vein. However, no alpha-1 agonist and antagonist actions were found at concentrations showing presynaptic alpha-2 agonist activity. In contrast to DJ-7141, clonidine produced an apparent contraction in the dog mesenteric artery, and the response was inhibited by prazosin. In urethane-anesthetized rats, clonidine at doses ranging from 0.003 mg/kg to 0.03 mg/kg produced a marked and prolonged hypotension, while DJ-7141 at such doses failed to produce a reduction of blood pressure. From these results, it is suggested that, in contrast to clonidine and other alpha-2 agonists, DJ-7141 is a unique alpha-2 agonist which shows high affinity to peripheral alpha-2 adrenoceptors but only a mild hypotensive activity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (461K) -
Taeko HATA, Tomitaro KITA, Atsufumi KAWABATA, Eiji ITOH, Yoshitaka NIS ...1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 69-79
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーIn order to explore the peripheral microcirculation and to obtain an outline of autonomic innervation in SART (specific alternation of rhythm in temperature)-stressed (repeated cold-stressed) animals, which are regarded as model animals for clinical vagotonic-type dysautonomia, peripheral tissue blood flow was determined in mice, using the hydrogen clearance method. SART-stressed mice showed a decrease in gastric blood flow, no change in hepatic blood flow and an increase in dermal blood flow. In the mice exposed to the restraint and water immersion stress (RWIS), a type of acute stress, in contrast with SARI stress which is a subacute type, remarkable decreases were observed in gastric, hepatic and dermal blood flows. Changes of both gastric and dermal blood flow in SART-stressed mice were dose-dependently prevented and maintained within normal limits by the treatment with Neurotropin, a sedative analgesic which is an extract isolated from vaccinia virus-inoculated and inflamed skin of rabbits. In RWIS-loaded mice, Neurotropin exhibited a great preventive effect on changes of blood flow in the stomach, a slight effect in the liver, and no effect in the cutis. When mice were loaded with SART stress after left-cervical vagotomy, SART stress failed to elicit any decrease in gastric blood flow. In SART-stressed mice treated with 6-hydroxydopamine, gastric and dermal blood flows tended to show a further decrease and increase, respectively, over and above the changes caused by SART stress. From these results, it is suggested that SART-stressed mice may have decreased gastric parasympathetic tone, a decrease in sympathetic tone and also other anomalies such as increased tension of the sympathetic cholinergic vasodilator nerves in the cutis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (817K) -
Seigo HANADA, Kohshi HIJIKURO, Hiroshi KANETO1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 81-86
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーDevelopment and disappearance of reverse tolerance to the swimming time prolonging effect of d-amphetamine (AMP) was studied in mice in comparison with that to the ambulation accelerating effect. The swimming time prolonging effect was progressively enhanced by daily administration of 2 mg/kg AMP. The development of reverse tolerance to the effect was more rapid than that to the ambulation acceleratng effect and reached its maximal level by 5-6 repetitions. Repetition at a daily interval was more effective than at the interval of 3-4 days, and administration at a weekly interval failed to develop the reverse tolerance. Restriction of swimming space or immobilization in a small box after administration of AMP blocked the development of reverse tolerance. Reverse tolerance to the swimming time prolonging effect disappeared faster than that to the ambulation accelerating effect, but the enhancement was well maintained after 30 days of withdrawal. Thus, many factors affect the development of reverse tolerance to the various effects of AMP; however, the swimming time prolonging effect is a simple, sensitive, and reproducible index for the study of this phenomenon.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (435K) -
Koji TAKEUCHI, Hironori TANAKA, Osamu FURUKAWA, Susumu OKABE1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 87-99
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーAlkaline secretion was measured in the whole stomach and in the proximal duodenum (2 cm proximal to the outlet of the common bile duct) of anesthetized rats, under basal conditions and in response to topical acid and 16, 16-dimethyl PGE2 (16-dmPGE2) given by various routes. Gastric alkaline secretion was unmasked by intraduodenal administration of omeprazole (30 mg/kg). Both the stomach and duodenum consistently secreted bicarbonate in amounts of 0.2-0.4 μEq/15 min and 1.5-2 μEq/15 min as a basal secretion, respectively. 16-dmPGE2, either given subcutaneously (1-30 μg/kg), intravenously (3 μg/kg/hr) or by topical application for 30 min (0.3-10 μg/ml), dose (concentration)-dependently increased HCO3- secretion in both tissues, but this effect disappeared quickly after sacrifice with KCl (i.v.). Stimulation of HCO3- secretion was also caused by topical acid to the stomach (100 mM HCl for 10 min) or to the duodenum (10 mM HCl for 10 min), but was completely blocked by pretreatment with indomethacin (5 mg/kg, s.c.). Acetazolamide, given subcutaneously at 100 mg/kg, which gives over 80% inhibition of carbonic anhydrase activity in the gastroduodenal mucosa, had no effect on either basal or stimulated HCO3- secretion caused by 16-dmPGE2 (10 μg/kg, s.c.). These results indicate that both endogenous and exogenous (16-dmPGE2) prostaglandins stimulate alkaline secretion in the gastroduodenal mucosa of rats, and this mechanism is independent from the carbonic anhydrase activity of the tissue.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (791K) -
Youichi NOBUHARA, Koji TAKEUCHI, Susumu OKABE1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 101-108
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーExposure of the rat stomach to acetic acid (0.3-3%) caused a concentration-dependent reduction of transmucosal potential difference (PD) and increase of luminal pH (gastric alkaline response). These concentrations of acetic acid, when given topically to the stomach, significantly prevented development of gastric lesions induced by subsequent exposure to absolute ethanol, the inhibition being 42.3%, 95.8% and 70.4% at concentrations of 0.3%, 1% and 3%, respectively. Gastric alkaline response and protection of ethanol-induced gastric lesions caused by 1% acetic acid were significantly attenuated by pretreatment of the animals with indomethacin (5 mg/kg, s.c.). Although other related carboxylic acids at 1% concentration such as citric acid (52 mM), maleic acid (86 mM) and formic acid (217 mM) affected both PD and luminal pH in varying degrees, these agents, except for 1% maleic acid, failed to prevent gastric lesions in response to absolute ethanol. Similar to 1% acetic acid (167 mM), gastric alkaline response and adaptive cytoprotection induced by 1% maleic acid were significantly antagonized by pretreatment with indomethacin. Formic acid also induced a significant gastric alkaline response, but this effect was not affected by indomethacin. These results suggest that dilute acetic acid such as vinegar (approximately 3% acetic acid) acts as a mild irritant to the stomach, and induces alkaline response and adaptive cytoprotection, mediated by endogenous prostaglandins. Other related carboxylic acids may have similar effects, but those depend upon the concentrations used.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (556K) -
Soichi MIWA, Motokazu FUJIWARA, Ken LEE, Motohatsu FUJIWARA1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 109-115
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of cinepazide, a vasodilator, on the content, biosynthesis and turnover of noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the rat brain were examined under room air and hypoxia (10% O2, 90% N2). Under room air, cinepazide had no significant effects on the content of NA, DA, 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the accumulation of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) after central decarboxylase inhibition, and the depletion of NA, DA and 5-HT after synthesis inhibition. After 2 hr-exposure to hypoxia, the content of NA, 5-HT and 5-HIAA was decreased, whereas the content of DA was unchanged. The accumulation of DOPA and 5-HTP was decreased. The depletion of DA and 5-HT was inhibited by hypoxia, whereas the depletion of NA was unaffected. Under hypoxic conditions, cinepazide had no effects on the content of NA, DA and 5-HT, the accumulation of DOPA and 5-HTP, and the depletion of NA and DA, whereas cinepazide increased both the rate of 5-HT depletion and the content of 5-HIAA. The present data suggest that cinepazide selectively stimulates the functional activities of 5-HT neurons in the brain, which are depressed by hypoxia.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (549K) -
Mikio ITO, Toshihiko TANAKA, Yoshio SUZUKI1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 117-125
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of teprenone on quantitative changes in gastric mucus glycoprotein during the healing process of acetic acid-induced ulcer in rats were investigated in comparison to those of cimetidine and proglumide. When estimated on the 15th day after operation, teprenone (50 and 100 mg/kg×2/day, p.o.) significantly decreased the ulcer index by approx. 30%. On the other hand, cimetidine (100 mg/kg×2/day, p.o.) and proglumide (500 mg/kg×2/day, p.o.) did not significantly affect it. The high-molecular-weight glycoprotein (HMG, molecular weight of 2×106 or more) concentration in the gastric mucus of the control group (non-medicated ulcer rats) was 48.7% lower than that of the normal group (non-medicated rats without ulcer). On the contrary, the lower-molecular-weight glycoprotein (LMG, molecular weight between 5×105 and 2×106) concentration of the control group was 95.3% higher than that of the normal group. Teprenone (at both doses) remarkably increased the concentration and secretion of the HMG. In contrast, those of the LMG were decreased by this drug. Cimetidine significantly decreased both the concentration and secretion of the total glycoprotein (HMG+LMG). Proglumide showed only slight increases in the concentration and secretion of the HMG, although it pronouncedly increased the total glycoprotein secretion. These results indicate that teprenone may strengthen the defensive force of gastric mucosa by increasing the HMG with a polymeric structure. In contrast, cimetidine may weaken the mucosal defense.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (693K) -
Miyuki HASHIMOTO, Takafumi HIRAI, Katsuji OGUCHI, Hajime YASUHARA1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 127-130
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーTo elucidate the mechanism of the antiagonistic effect of caerulein on amphetamine-induced hyperactivity, monoamine contents in rat brain regions were measured by HPLC. With a combination of caerulein and haloperidol, dopamine contents in methamphetamine treated-rats were significantly decreased in the striatum. Noradrenaline contents were significantly decreased in the haloperidol-methamphetamine group, but caerulein restored it to the normal levels. Serotonin contents did not change in any of the groups tested. These results may indicate that caerulein acts as a neuromodulator in rat brain and causes suppression of hyperactivity induced by metamphetamine.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (219K) -
Hitoshi ITO1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 131-134
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーW-7 [N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene sulfonamide], a well-known inhibitor of the calmodulin-dependent processes, strongly enhanced phagocytosis and ingestion of polystyrene latex beads into the peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice after the i.p. injection, whereas W-5 [N-(6-aminohexyl)-1-naphthalene sulfonamide], a less effective calmodulin antagonist, was much weaker than W-7. Binding of the third component of complement (C3) cleavage to the C3 receptor on macrophages after the i.p. injection of W-7 was enhanced as shown by the fluorescent antibody technique. These data suggest that calmodulin plays an important role in the phagocytosis of macrophages through the complement system.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (260K) -
Takafumi NAGATOMO, Hiroshi TSUCHIHASHI, Shoichi IMAI1986 年 41 巻 1 号 p. 135-138
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/09/15
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of neuraminidase and deoxyribonuclease I (DNase) treatments on the specific binding of 3H-prazosin and 3H-quinuclidinyl benzilate (3H-QNB) to α-adrenoceptors and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the membrane of the rat myocardium was examined, and the dissociation constant (Kd) and the maximum number of binding sites (Bmax) was analyzed using the method of Scatchard analysis. Although no changes in Kd values were observed when DNA or sialic acid was removed from cardiac muscles by treatments with DNase or neuraminidase, the Bmax values of α-adrenergic and muscarinic receptors were markedly decreased after treatment with DNase, while neuraminidase treatment induced an increase in the Bmax values of the α-adrenoceptors. The possibility that these results provide the basis for elucidation of the characteristics of these receptors in the rat myocardium was discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (322K)
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