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Volume 9, Issue 1
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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FUMIO TAKENAKA, YOSHIRO NAKAZAWA1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 1-5
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecent evidence for a constrictor response of coronary bed to epinephrine (1-3) and norepinephrine (4), and for a dilator action to acetylcholine (5) appears to be controversial to the accepted view that sympathetic (adrenergic) impulses produce vasodilation and vagal (cholinergic), vasoconstriction (6). The variability of the data from experiments of many workers (7-9) may be due partly to differences in technic and species employed, and in part, difficulty in analyzing the action of these drugs upon coronaries and the myocardium.
Because of the importance of the nervous control on the coronary vascular bed the effects of the above transmitters should be elucidated further by using appropriate technics. In a previous paper published in this journal (10), we suggested the applicability of the rolling circular manometer system (11-13) for the study of the action of drugs upon the coronary circulation. The present experiments were performed to provide additional evidence of the effects of adrenergic as well as cholinergic drugs on the coronary blood flow of the isolated perfused cat heart using the newly designed method mentioned above.View full abstractDownload PDF (239K) -
YO FUJIE1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 6-13
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
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REPORT 3: EFFECTS OF AUTONOMIC BLOCKING AGENTS ON THE NEGATIVE INOTROPIC ACTION OF ADRENALINEJOICHI ANDO, HISATAKE NAITO, KAN-ICHIRO SHIOZU, HIROMU SAITO, TAKAHIKO ...1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 14-18
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
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REPORT 4: EFFECT OF STIMULUS FREQUENCY ON PAPILLARY CONTRACTIONJOICHI ANDO, KAN-ICHIRO SHIOZU, NORIAKI TAKAGI, AKIRA NOMURA, TOSHIO F ...1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 19-23
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
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EIICHI KIKKAWA, KANAME KURIAKI1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 24-29
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs well known, the stored erythrocytes deteriorate rapidly, while the plasma can be kept undenatured for a while. Using the human erythrocytes suspended in the phosphate buffered saline solution and stored in the refrigerator at 5°C, we have investigated change of its potassium content, carbonic anhydrase activity and hemolysis in terms of the time of storage, and effect on them of glucides, thiol compounds and adenosine triphosphate added to the suspension.View full abstractDownload PDF (251K) -
AKIRA SAKUMA1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 30-40
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe action of neuromuscular blocking agents upon the central nervous system has not yet been sufficiently investigated, even though the mechanism of their action upon the neuromuscular junction has been considerably elucidated. Recently, it was reported that these blocking agent, especially succinylcholine, may produce the so-called prolonged or protracted apnea which is undesirable from the clinical standpoint. This apnea, though it develops only infrequently, is a matter of concern to anesthetists.
It was felt that clarifying the central action of these agents upon respiration might be a clue to elucidating the prolonged apnea. Three different preparations were employed in an attempt to demonstrate, the central action of these agents upon respiration: 1) the head perfusion on the living dog, 2) the intracarotid injection coupled with recording phrenic nerve discharge, and 3) the injection into the lateral ventricle.View full abstractDownload PDF (434K) -
NORIMOTO URAKAWA, TOYOAKI HAYAMA, TAKEHIKO DEGUCHI, YOSHIO OHKUBO1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 41-45
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous paper (1), it was reported that HCl-ethanol extract obtained from wheat gluten malt rootlet exhibited potent toxicity against mouse. In connection to the finding, further experiments have been carried out employing brew malt rootlet as a test material. As it has been known, the rootlet contains various amines, such as hordenine, choline, betaine, tyramine and N-methyltyramine, some of which exert certain pharmacological activities (2-10). During the course of our present studies, another amine was found in the HCl-ethanol extract of the brew malt rootlet. Differing from other amines noted, the amine, named “maltoxin, ” was revealed to exhibit a strong contractile activity on the rectus muscle of frog. In this paper the method of preparation and some of the chemical and pharmacological properties of this active principle are described.View full abstractDownload PDF (170K) -
SABURO HARA, SAIZO YANAURA1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 46-54
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
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FUMIO TAKENAKA1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 55-60
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous studies (1) on the effects of drugs on coronary circulation we have employed the isolated perfused heart as the test object. It was, however, difficult to interpret whether our data resulted from the effect on the myocardium or on the coronary smooth muscle itself.
Häusler and Filippi (2) have made structural analysis of coronary artery strips by studying the mode of action of drugs upon them. Smith (3) demonstrated reactions of isolated, viable coronary arteries to adrenaline, acetylcholine and histamine by angiople thysmographic technique. The response of coronary arteries to drugs described by these workers is exclusively qualitative and dose-response relationship has not been presented. Furchgott and Bhadrakom (4) reported the reactions of aortic strips to drugs and discussed the concentration-activity curves obtained for adrenaline and Furchgott (5) has reviewed the pharmacology of vascular smooth muscle.
This study was initiated for the purpose of investigating the actions of drugs on the coronary strips of pig and providing concentration-activity relationship for acetylcholine, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and adrenaline.View full abstractDownload PDF (304K) -
YOSHIRO NAKAZAWA, FUMIO TAKENAKA, KEISHI TSUZAKI1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 61-66
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the studies on coronary circulation mostly normal animals have been subjected to the experimental investigation. It seems important to investigate the effects of drugs on the coronary vascular bed in animals with atherosclerosis. Rinzler et al. (1) demonstrated that in atherosclerotic rabbits intravenous ergonovine produced electrocardiographic changes characteristic of coronary insufficiency. Further, Karp et al. (2) presented evidence that ergonovine decreased the rate of coronary flow in all atherosclerotic heart, whereas it increased the flow in a majority of the normals.
In the present experiments atherosclerosis was induced by feeding cholesterol in rabbits. The heart isolated from the atherosclerotic rabbits was perfused by using donor animals as described previously (3). Effects of epinephrine, acetylcholine and other drugs on the rate of coronary inflow of the cholesterol-fed rabbit heart were investigated by comparing with those of the normal rabbits.View full abstractDownload PDF (287K) -
MOTOHATSU MATSUMURA, SHUJI TAKAORI, REIZO INOKI1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 67-74
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of autonomic drugs on the analgesic action of morphine has been studied by many investigators. Some of them have attributed the analgesic properties of morphine, in part at least, to its adrenergic action, while the others to its cholinergic action.
In our laboratory Fujimura (1), using a modification of Hardy's radiant heat technique in man, has shown that the pain threshold elevating effect of morphine is potentiated by l-ephedrine or d-desoxymethylephedrine. Yanai (2) has tested the influence of autonomic drugs upon the pain reflex inhibitory action of morphine using the methods of D'Amour & Smith and Haffner, and reported that adrenaline, ephedrine, pilocarpine and methamphetamine potentiated the morphine action.
Ever since Fujita et al. (3, 4) introduced the electrophysiological technique into our laboratory, precise analysis on the sites of action of morphine has been made in cats.
In the present experiment, we have investigated the synergetic action of morphine with methamphetamine on several afferent pathways of the central nervous system by means of the electrophysiological method.View full abstractDownload PDF (332K) -
STEVEN ZADOR1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 75-82
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
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REPORT 3: INFLUENCES OF CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES ON OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION IN PIG HEART MITOCHONDRIAKAZUO KAWAI1959 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 83-90
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of cardiac glycosides on the metabolism of cardiac muscles has been a leading subject of study from both pharmacological and clinical points of view in association with the clarification of a mechanism of action of cardiac glycosides and of digitalis intoxication. Particularly, the influence of cardiac glycosides on the metabolism of energyrich phosphate compounds, which are regarded as sources of the contractile energy of cardiac muscles, are now studied attentively by many of researchers. Many investigations have been made of the effect of cardiac glycosides on oxidative-phosphorylation in order to inquire into their effect on the production of energy-rich phosphate compounds in cardiac muscles. It was reported that cardiac glycosides produce no effect on oxidativephosphorylation in both heart homogenates ?? Wollenberger (1), Herrmann (2), and Reiter and Barron (3) ?? and mitochondria ?? Langemann (4) and Kimura (5) ?? . Of late, Goldschmidt and Lamprecht (6) have found that k-strophanthin has an uncoupling effect in heart sarcosomes. In the preceding paper the author showed that ouabain and digitoxin only in high concentrations produced a slight uncoupling effect in guinea pig cyclophorases (7).
As described above, the general current of opinion in this field is that cardiac glycosides have no effect on oxidative-phosphorylation. Some of workers, however, express the opinion that they have an uncoupling effect. This discrepancy in opinion suggests the necessity of further investigations. In addition to this, most of those workers tended to carry out their experiments with only one of cardiac glycosides and, on the basis of the results obtained, to discuss universally an effect of cardiac glycosides on oxidative-phosphorylation.
Therefore, the author attempted to observe an effect of g-strophanthin, desacetyl lanatoside C (cedilanid), digoxin, digitoxin, two kinds of water-soluble cardiac principles extracted from digitalis purpurea at this department, and digitoxigenin on oxidativephosphorylation in pig heart mitochondria, and to draw the general conclusion on the effect of cardiac glycosides on oxidative-phosphorylation in cardiac muscles.View full abstractDownload PDF (364K)
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