Many infants wear paper diapers during the gait-forming period. We measured electromyography during walking in 10 infants under 3 conditions, and analyzed the motion: naked, wearing a paper diaper, and wearing a paper diaper containing physiological saline. The gait test was repeated in the same infants after 4 months to investigate changes in the influence of paper diapers. In the first test, the muscle burden was not significantly increased by wearing a paper diaper alone, but that on the biceps femoris was significantly increased by a paper diaper containing saline. In the second test 4 months later, the burden on the biceps femoris due to a paper diaper and that containing saline were significantly decreased. Motion analysis detected the minimum distance between the bilateral knees was significantly broadened when wearing a diaper containing saline in the second test.

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Recent publications have shown inconsistent results regarding the influence of type A behavior patterns on ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during exercise. In this study, the relationship between type A/B behavior and RPE was examined during exercise in Japanese female undergraduate students. Eighteen female undergraduate participated in this study. They were chosen from 495 university students based on completion of a type A questionnaire for Japanese adults and agreement to participate in the study. Ten subjects had type A characteristics and 8 had type B characteristics. An exercise test was designed to increase exercise intensity to exhaustion levels using a cycle ergometer with 60rpm. During exercise, VO_2, heart rate, and blood lactate accumulation were assessed as a measure of physiological index, and exertion or pain in the chest, exertion or pain in the leg, overall exertion, and feeling scores (FS) were assessed as a measure of perceptual index. FS assesses the affective dimension of the exercise experience, ranging from "very bad" to "very good" (-5 to +5). Results showed that physiological and perceptual indices of Type A subjects were not significantly different from Type B subjects. RPE during exercise is not influenced by Type A behavior in Japanese female undergraduate students.

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