Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences)
Online ISSN : 1881-7718
Print ISSN : 0484-6710
ISSN-L : 0484-6710
Volume 17, Issue 2
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages Cover5-
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Cover
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages Cover6-
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (29K)
  • Kohmei Ikuta, Kazuhiko Watanabe, Tatsuyuki Otsuki
    Article type: Article
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 61-67
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We measured the effective mechanical power which was sent out during 50 meter sprint running and the mechanical power in pedalling the bicycleergometer with maximum effort during a short time, and we analyzed the ability of power output. The results were as follows : (1) The sprinter A recorded higher running speed (10.47m/sec) and maximum value of effective power (160.3kgm/sec) than those of the ordinary man D (7.55m/sec, 76.5kgm/sec). (2) There was high correlation (Male: r=-0.77, n=22, p<0.001, Female: r=-0.93, n=9, p<0.001) between the maximum values per weight of effective power during running and 50 meter running times. (3) There was high correlation (Male: r=0.76, n=22, p<0.001, Female: r=0.79, n=9, p<0.02) between the maximum values per weight of effective power during running and maximum values per weight of pedalling power by bicycle ergometer. (4) There was high correlation (Male: r=-0.72, n=22, p<0.001, Female: r=-0.88, n=9, P<0.01) between the maximum values per weight of pedalling power by bicycle ergometer and 50 meter running times. As a result of the study it was found that the athletes had the excellent ability of power output made a good record of sprint running.
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  • Masahiro Kaneko, Kiyokazu Kitamura
    Article type: Article
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 69-74
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A consept of "speed endurance" proposed by Ikai (1963) was experimentally investigated on the human elbow flexor muscles. Using an apparatus, previously described by Kaneko (1970), the subject made a series of repetitive contractions at a rate of 40 times per minute. The load was provided by the fractions (%) of the maximum strength (Fo) of individual. The results were as follows : 1) The mean diminuation rates in speed (-Δv/contraction) were ranged from 6.1×10^<-3> to 36.6×10^<-3> m/sec, and the rates increased with the greater loads. 2) The total power summed up to n-th contraction suggested the most effective load (% Fo) under a certain limit of work condition as indicated by parenthesis; 40% Fo (less than 14 contractions), 30% Fo (15-43 contractions) and 20% Fo (more than 43 contractions). 3) Force-velocity relationships have shifted from the hyperbola type to the linear type relation along with repetitive contractions. 4) Substantial change of muscle have been discussed based on the dynamic constants in Hill's characteristic equation.
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  • M. Tokunaga, J. Fujimoto
    Article type: Article
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 75-80
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The purpose of this study was to make clear the regional and sex differences on the growth curves and the growth velocity curves in height. The subjects were boys and girls in a rural district (Hatae), a mountain village (Gokanosyo) and fishing villages (Oshima and Genkai). These subjects were measured longitudinally from 10 to 14 years old. The first study was carried out from 1956 to 1960 and the second from 1964 to 1968. The main results obtained were as follows : 1. Girls in the rural district grew significantly taller in height. Girls in the rural district and fishing villages and boys in fishing village (Genkai) grew earlier to the peak of growth velocity curve in height. 2. In the second study, for boys in the rural district and fishing villages, the peak of the growth velocity curve in height was between about 12 and 13 years old and for girls, was between 9 and l0. But, boys in mountain village were between 13 and 14 years old, and girls were between 10 and 11. On the sex differences, girls in the four areas showed 2-to 3-years earlier peak in the growth velocity curve of height than boys. 3. It was found that the growth curve in height from 6 to 14 years old of boys and girls who had an earlier peak in the growth velocity curve was superior to boys and girls who had later peak.
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  • Eitaro Nakamura, Yoshiyuki Matsuura, Aiko Yoshida
    Article type: Article
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 81-88
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The establishment of the test battery for fundamental motor abilty and the formula for its score were attempted in this paper. Then, twenty nine test item's were picked out from the eight areas of motor ability : (1) physique, (2) muscular strength, (3) power, (4) agility, (5) endurance, (6) flexibility, (7) speed, and (8) balance. The validity of the selected test items has been tested to be usable to measure such areas of motor ability by many investigators. Then, principal factor analysis was applied to the correlation matrix which was computed with the data of twenty nine test variables, which were obtained with 278 senior high school girls. And the first principal factor was interpreted as fundamental motor ability, and then, Harman's short method was applied to construct the linear formula for estimating FMAS ; fundamental motor ability score. The results were as follows ; 1. Twelve kinds of test battery were constructed, and taking account of the validity and the practicality, it may be concluded that the test battery, consisted of shot put (X_1), standing broad jump (X_2), running broad jump (X_3), shuttle run (X_4), 5Om dash (X_5) and single leg jumping endurance (X_6), was recommended for use. 2. Formula for estimating fundamental motor ability score was as follow ; FMAS=0.014X_1+0.08X_2+0.06X_3-2.4X_4-2.5X_5+0.15X_6+42 The validity of FMAS was tested to be high from the two standpoints; (1) Whether sports team members could be discriminated from nonteam members by FMAS, (2) Whether significance defference in FMAS avarage between team members and non-team could be founded. It was concluded that the formula of FMAS was useful for discrimination of fundamental motor ability. In order to investigate the constituents of fundamental motor ability factors, multiple cerrelation between factor score and test items was discussed. Then, it was found that power, agility, speed and strength had high amounts of contribution to that factor.
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  • Yoshiro Hatano
    Article type: Article
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 89-95
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Upon constructing a testing table by which many of the formerly proposed strength tests by use of cable tensiometer can be administered, a series of strength tests were conducted using Japanese subjects of certain age levels. The results were found to be acceptable in that high reliability was obtained and in that the phasic variations of strength upon change of involved joint angles were of consistent with other studies. Some new tests were then proposed and conducted successfully, i. e., isometric strength in simulated modified pull-up, simulated press-up, simulated sit-up and simulated back hyper-extension actions, applying the testing device.
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  • Leon E. Smith
    Article type: Article
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 97-103
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Most experimental findings have supported Henry's princip1e of specificity relative to the predominantely low relationships which have been found between individual differences in the performance of motor skills. Is it possible that the low correlations which have been previously reported in the literature between speed of movement (strength in action) and static (isometric) strength may be misleading in that these low relationships may not also apply to more dynamic types of strength? The question posed is there a higher generality of relationship associated with dynamic strength in action and speed of movement as compared to the relationship between static strength and speed of movement? Therfore in addition to studying the relationship between speed of movement and static strength additional dynamic strength tests were included in the study namely, impact strength, impulse strength, and two types of power strength.
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 105-109
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 110-
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 111-
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 112-
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Cover
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages Cover7-
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (25K)
  • Article type: Cover
    1972 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages Cover8-
    Published: September 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (25K)
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