体育学研究
Online ISSN : 1881-7718
Print ISSN : 0484-6710
ISSN-L : 0484-6710
24 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1~14を表示しています
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. Cover5-
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. Cover6-
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. App3-
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 伊藤 政展
    原稿種別: 本文
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. 93-100
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study was to test two hypotheses suggested by a motivational account of hypnotic phenomena: (1) The performance on the hand dynamometer task in the hypnotic state without additional motivating suggestions (hypnosis per se) would be better than the performance in the waking state with no suggestions. (2) The performance on the hand dynamometer task in the hypnotic state with task motivating suggestions would be better than the performance in the waking state with the same suggestions, and also better than the performance in the hypnosis per se. Thirty university male students were employed as subjects (Ss) in the experiment, who were able to pass the item of arm catalepsy in the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility (HGSHS). Ss performed the hand dynamometer task under three experimental conditions which were completely counterbalanced (hypnosis per se, and hypnotic and waking states with task motivating suggestions) and three base level conditions, all intertrial intervals being 20 min. Ss were hypnotized with aid of HGSHS and were tested after passing the item of arm catalepsy. The results of Newman-Keuls test revealed that the hypnotic and waking suggestions resulted in significant increments in performance, but that the difference of the increment between both conditions was not significant. That is, two hypotheses were not confirmed here. However, the results of cluster analysis indicated that on the performance of Ss of high and medium levels of susceptibility to hypnosis, the two hypotheses were supported and that the induction of hypnosis tended to depress the performance of Ss of low susceptibility to hypnosis. These findings seem to suggest that the hypnotic susceptibility is one of the most important factors to determine the effects of hypnosis on muscular strength, and to provide an insight into the contradictions of hypnotic literature.
  • 猪俣 公宏, 伊藤 政展, 勝部 篤美
    原稿種別: 本文
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. 101-108
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present field study examined the effects of mental training in terms of modeling on both imaging and performing a back skill stroke in early learning phase, from the view point of Bandura's Modeling Theory. Adult subjects, 9 males and 12 females, were randomly divided into two groups, a film modeling group (FMG) and a non film modeling group (NFMG). The subjects of the two groups were required to participate in a 1 week swimming training (two hours a day) and to take several tests, while to the control group (N=18) employed for the image tests only the image tests were administered. The subjects of FMG and NFMG were trained in a back stroke skill under the condition of physical practice with and without modeling film respectively. The tests of controllability and vividness concerning imagery of the back stroke skill and a Swimming Image Test (SIT) were administered twice to all the subjects an pre- and post- tests. The performance of the back stroke skill was measured three times for FMG and NFMG, on the 1st, 4th, and 7th training day in regard to swimming form and distance. As to the results, it was revealed that during the training period, the scores of the vividness of imagery for NFMG significantly increased but not for FMG, while on the scores of the SIT for both groups; the relation reversed. Any individual differences were not detected in the test of controllability of imagery. Concerning the back Stroke skill, no significant difference of distance between FMG and NFMG was detected in all sessions, but the mean score of form for NFMG was significantly greater than that for FMG at the final stage of training. Futhermore, the Speaman's Rank Correlation between form and distance was singificant (p<.05) only for NFMG in the middle and final test session. Considering the findings in the present study, it appears that the condition of FMG affects differentially on changing the imagery and the motor performance, which is assumed in Bandura's theory.
  • 横山 泰行, 湯浅 達郎
    原稿種別: 本文
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. 109-116
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    Total body reaction time in response to the stimuli demanding different directions of movement has been studied by various authors. However, a study on the effects of more complex stimuli demanding the combinations of both directions and distances of movement has not yet been made. The present investigation was designed to examine total body reaction time of movement elicited by the selective stimuli demanding different distances and directions. "Body Reaction Timer" distributed by Takei Equipment Company was utilized to measure total body reaction time of 32 male and 30 female college athletes. The experimental conditions demanded by the stimuli were the combinations of four directions (front, back, left, and right) and three distances (25, 45, and 60 cm). The subjects performed 24 trials (two trials under each experimental condition). Application of analysis of variance, Tukey method of multiple comparisons and correlation method revealed the following results: 1) In every direction and distance, the reaction time of the male subjects was faster than that of the female subjects. 2) In all directions, the slowest reaction time was recorded when the demanded direction was frontward. The next slowest record was found in backward direction. For the condition of 60 cm distance, the stimuli demanding leftward direction elicited the fastest reaction time. The next fastest time was recorded for the rightward direction. The trend was consistent for both sexes. 3) In the male subjects, the coefficients of correlation between the reaction times for the different distances were higher when the matched distances were closer. The female subjects did not show the same trend. 4) F-ratio among the directions was significant in all the distances for the female subjects. For the male subjects, however, F-ratio for the condition of 45cm distance was not significant.
  • 中村 平
    原稿種別: 本文
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. 117-125
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study was to investigate how the quality of sports facilities in community influence upon their utilization, and then to identify the appropriate role of each facility from the view point of physical education service in community physical education. For this purpose, a questionnaire survey was carried out among the users in Area Services that were provided by one public gymnasium as the management body of physical education, and seven gymnasia at the elementary and secondary schools located in the same district which were opened to the public. The results of this study lead the conclusions as follows; 1) In order to attract more participants and to provide greater accessibility to their Area Service, the functional quality is more important than the size and design of the sports facilities in a community. 2) The Area Service of a school gymnasium opened to the public covers the radius of approximately two thousand meters. Therefore, the Club Service and Program Service, rather than Area Service, should be the main emphasis of a municipal gymnasium when its serving area overlap with that of such school facility.
  • 中村 栄太郎, 松浦 義行
    原稿種別: 本文
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. 127-135
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the developmental changes in the fundamental motor ability of boys and girls aged four to eight years. Fourteen measures, thought to cover all aspects of the contents of fundamental motor ability, were administered to 228 boys and 329 girls. Principal factor analysis was applied to the correlation matrix which was calculated with the fourteen variables. The first Principal factor extracted (named as a fundamental motor ability factor) and the elements which forms the fundamental motor ability factor were investigated in each age, respectively. The results were 1) The fundamental motor ability of boys and girls of these ages increased almost linearly with the increase of age; 2) As for the size of fundamental motor ability, it was, greater in boys at all age levels than in girls; 3) Sex difference in fundamental motor ability was found at 4.5 years of age, and it became greater with the increase of age; 4) The fundamental motor ability of boys aged four to six years was considered to be mainly composed of physique, muscular strength and explosive strength on upper and lower limbs, while that of girls was considered to be mainly composed of physique, maturity and muscular strength.
  • 跡見 順子, 宮下 充正(
    原稿種別: 本文
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. 137-148
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intensity upon the aerobic work capacity of women through long-term training, when total amount of work was kept approximately constant for each subject. Seven sedentary adult females, aged 23 to 40 years, participated in a 44-week training experiment. They trained on a bicycle ergometer at 60-65% V^^.O_2max during first 13 (15 for 2 subjects) weeks (T60), at 75-80% V^^.O_2max during next 18 (16 for 2 subjects) weeks (T75) and at 90-95% V^^.O_2max during final 13 weeks (T90). The total amount of work and frequency were kept approximately constant for each subject through training. Mean V^^.O_2max, expressed in 1/min, per body weight and per LBM significantly increased during T60 and T90. The increase during T75 was not significant. The final values during each three training period were not necessarily the highest. V^^.O_2max, V^^._E and O_2 pulse, expressed per LBM, showed a significant relationships (partial correlation keeping the effect of age constant) between their initial values and the total gains (%). The final values attained of V^^.O_2max except an obese subject were highly correlated with age (p<0.01). It was concluded that the qualitative aspect of training intensity was essential for the improvement of V^^.O_2max, on the other hand sufficient quantity of total energy output was necessary for the retention of high fitness level. Furthermore, the improvement of V^^.O_2max with long-term and effective training was significantly related with the initial level based on lean body mass, and the attainable level was significantly limited by age.
  • 小林 寛道, 北村 潔和, 大田 順子, 早水 サヨ子, 松井 秀治
    原稿種別: 本文
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. 149-158
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    Maximal aerobic power was measured for 5-6 successive years on 47 Japanese school girls starting from the ages of 9 and 13 years. The subjects were divided into two groups. Nine girls (Group-K) were trained from the ages of 9 to 14 years under a training program. Aerobic power for Group-K was measured from the ages of 9 to 16 years with one year interval. Thirty-eight girls (Group-F) were the ordinary school girls of junior and senior high school. Aerobic power for Group-F was measured from the ages of 13 to 18 years with one year interval. Small increase in aerobic power for Group-K was observed between the ages of 9 and 12 yr. Their aerobic power increased significantly from 1.53 1/min to 2.34 1/min between the ages of 12 and 14 yr. Aerobic power for Group-F was 1.67 1/min and 2.03. 1/min at the ages of 13 and 18 yr, respectively. The peak value of 2.04 1/min was obtained at the age of 17 yr. The individual growth curves of aerobic power for Group-F were classified into 3 types based on the characteristics of the curves. Fifteen of 38 subjects showed almost unchanged pattern (Type-A) during the observation period. Aerobic power in Type-A averaged 1.75 1/min and 1.87 1/min at the ages of 13 and 18 yr, respectively. Eleven subjects showed fluctuating pattern (Type-B) during the observation period. Twelve subjects showed gradually increasing pattern (Type-C) from the age of 13 to 18 yr. The average value for Type-C increased from 1.51 1/min at 13 yr old to 2.31 1/min at 18 yr old. Ten subjects in Type-C voluntarily attended extracurricular sports club activities for girls throughout six school years. On the other hand, fourteen subjects in Type-A did not belong to any extracurricular sports club. The following matters might be concluded in the present study : 1) The training effect on aerobic power might be unclear before the age of 12 yr. 2) The rate of increase in aerobic power was significantly greater in trained group (Group-K) compared to that in ordinary school girls (Group-F) between the ages of 12-13 to 14-15 yr. 3) Physical activities in extracurricular sports club seemed to facilitate a gradual increase in aerobic power during the period of junior and senior high schools. 4) Aerobic power reached to its peak at the age of 15-16 yr for the girls who did not attend any physical activities in sports clubs.
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. 159-161
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. App4-
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. Cover7-
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1979 年 24 巻 2 号 p. Cover8-
    発行日: 1979/09/01
    公開日: 2017/09/27
    ジャーナル フリー
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