Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences)
Online ISSN : 1881-7718
Print ISSN : 0484-6710
ISSN-L : 0484-6710
Volume 43, Issue 1
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages Cover1-
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Cover
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages Cover2-
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (39K)
  • Article type: Appendix
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages App1-
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Kaoru Kitagawa
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 1-11
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Body composition is now a popular topic in Japan because most Japanese have become aware that obesity is a serious health problem that increases the risk of developing coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes and other problems. This article reviews the current methodology for determining body composition in man. Direct compositional analysis of the human body can only be undertaken through the dissection of fresh human cadavers. However, this direct method cannot be applied to living individuals. Many indirect methods have been developed including densitometry, hydrometry, total body potassium by ^&lt40&gtK counting, dual energy X-ray absorptiomety and others. Each method stands on its own scientific assumption. The calculated results, therefore, do not necessarily correspond to each other. Many field methods have also been developed by anthropometric studies measuring skinfold thickness by caliper, the subcutaneous fat layer by ultrasound apparatus, and by bioimpedance analysis. These are easy ways for assessing body composition for both field and clinical use. The current study has tried to improve estimation equations, and for clinical use, the body composition of Japanese from the prepubescent to the aged stage wa assessed by densitometry. Body weight, lean body weight, and fat were found to increase during adolescence, and very great increases were evident in body weight and lean body weight among males. The difference in body weight between males and females after the young adult stage is derived from a differece in lean body weight. The changing pattern of body composition in Japanese was very similar to that reported in British and American populations. The appendix about the books on body composition mentions that some Japanese scientists have written the books by compiling their own data.
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  • Misaki Mori
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 12-21
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present paper deals with the work of Yukio Mishima, who exercised most eagerly among Japanese writers. His sports experience is examined in connection with his work as one example of the strong influence of sports experience on individuals. We also consider how he was changed by sports experience and what sports meant to him. Mishima never participated in sports until he was 30 years old. He then began sports to build up his body because he felt the loss of his own body. First he did body-building, boxing, and then kendo. At first the dualism of body and mind which Mishima felt was intensified by body-building, but this was gradually mitigated by kendo, which allowed him to experience the ideal harmony of body and mind. It is evident that he became keenly aware of his own existence and the fullness of life through sports experience, which could not be felt as a writer and a thinker. However, sports were ultimately the source of a dilemma for him, because if he hadn't build up his body he wouldn't have killed himself.
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  • Tsuneo Sogawa
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 22-32
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A traditional tug of war festival is held annually on the first Sunday after 6, 26th. of the lunar calendar in Yonabaru-town, Okinawa. This paper describes the festival as a culture complex of sport and aims to discuss it from the viewpoint of culture change. Special attention is focused on the relationship between the changed and the unchanged aspects of the complex. The following findings were obtained : 1. The driving organization of the festival has expanded from Mon-chu to the Yonabaru 6 communities union, and finally to Yonabaru-town. An outstanding change can be seen in the social cultural phase of the complex. 2. Participants make their pilgrimage to the five sacred places before opening the festival. These places symbolize the origin of Mon-chu, so the pilgrimage functions to recreate its identity. The pilgrimage still remains unchanged as a formal part of the festival, although the management of the festival has shifted to the town. 3. The pilgrimage acts as a cultural focus and does not change. 4. Under the present conditions, even though the complex has been drastically changed in its method of management, the value of the complex still retains its original quality.
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  • Kouhei Ueno, Shiro Nakagomi
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 33-42
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A number of studies have already been done on the relationship between sport and personality development. However, few studies have examined the aspect of life-span development. As experiences which affect personality development, we examined the relationship between psycho-social skills (athletic situational skills) which are acquired in sport and the skills (life skills) which are essential in our daily life. This study was carried out under the assumption that athletic situational skills can be generalized into life skills, and that the generalization can be influenced by coaches in athletic situations. In Study 1, a survey was conducted of 361 freshmen at universities who had belonged to athletic clubs while attending high school. Consequently, a scale of athletic situational skills and life skills was prepared. In Study 2, another survey was carried out on 435 high school students who belonged to athletic clubs and 349 students who did not belong to any clubs. The scale devised in Study 1 and a questionnaire about coaches were used in this survey. From the results, it was clarified that students who participated in athletic clubs acquired more life skills which are similar to athletic situational skills than students who did not participate in any clubs. Furthermore, with regard to possible generalization between the two kinds of skills, it was considered that students who have acquired athletic situational skills can generalize them into life skills with suitable advice (for interpersonal skills : advice about its value ; for intrapersonal skills : advice about its practice) from their coaches.
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  • Kichiji Kimura
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 43-50
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
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  • Takanori Usami
    Article type: Article
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 51-56
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 57-61
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 62-67
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Bibliography
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 68-
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 69-
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (171K)
  • Article type: Cover
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages Cover3-
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (33K)
  • Article type: Cover
    1998 Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages Cover4-
    Published: May 10, 1998
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (33K)
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