Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences)
Online ISSN : 1881-7718
Print ISSN : 0484-6710
ISSN-L : 0484-6710
Volume 5, Issue 2
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages Cover1-
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • H. Kinoshita
    Article type: Article
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 1-8
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In Japan of the 1880's, thers are some translated books about the Western physical education theory. But, those are not originally written by Japanese. The first original book about physical education theory written by Japanese are published in I889. (the 22nd year of Meiji) The title is "Taiikugaku" which means the science of physical education, written by S. Mori and N. Jinbo. Though they are army surgeons, this physical education theory is not characterized by Militarism, but by medical science. Because the contents of this book, except the item of "Military exercises" <Heishiki-Taiso>, are written with the systematic knowledges of medical science, especially from the view point of physiology and hygiene for the physical growth. However, we must observe that this physical education theory is supported by Nationalism idealistically (this is Written in the introduction, Chap. 1.) In the Japanese history of physical education, this physical education theory is situated on the remarkable progress from the step of the 1880's Western physical education theory based on Individualism to the 1890's Japonic one based on Nationalism.
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  • K. KIMURA
    Article type: Article
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 9-14
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The primary purpose of this study was to charify what concepts the students of Daiichi Koto Gakko, had on the values of "Athletics." The discussions appeared in the alumni publications are available for our purpose. The stages of the discussions can be divided into four. In this article, the concepts of the first stage (I8949-95) are considered. The results of this inquiry will be summarized as follows: (i) The issue of the discussions seems to whether "Athletics" is useful for animating "School Spirit" or not. (ii) Concerning this matter, two kinds of opinion are found among them. The former emphasized the ethical values of athletics, while the latter ventured to deny it and wanted to value the physical. (iii) This latter opinion was not supported by any other writer, but the denial of the ethical values means that the ideal function of the athletics which had been expected to stiffen the morale of the students and give impetus to the integration of the boarding student group had already become imperfect at that time.
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  • A. KOBAYASHI, S. IKUTA
    Article type: Article
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 15-20
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this study, we form two experimental basketball teams; the members of the one anticipated to win the game and the members of the other anticipated to lose the game to a third selected team. We analysed the change of morale of the members of the two teams during the games. The third team, during the games, played according to advice given them in advance. The results were as follows: (1) The anticipation of being unable to win discouraged the morale only in the boys' teams.(2) The anticipation of being able to win did not make any significant change on morale. (3) The perception about the opponents' power during the game did not make any significant change on morale.
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  • T. MASAKI
    Article type: Article
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 21-27
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to find the common patterns of muscular activities of the abdomen, the waist and the lower limbs, electromyograms of rest standing in man were recorded with surface electrodes. Subjects were 5 males and 4 females, aged 20〜30. Each subject was only suggested to pose "attention" as the foot stance at his rest standing. From the result of distribution of the action potentials of each muscle on the every subjects, it was tried to find out the common patterns of muscular activities in the rest standing of man. However, it was difficult to find the same common patterns of muscular activities in every electromyograms recorded in the subjects. It is concluded that there are remarkably individual differences of muscular activities in rest standing. In spite of keeping voluntarily, a symmetrical position of standing electromyograms of each subject showed the remarkable asymmetry. The individual differences were discussed from the view points of body mechanics,i.e. the side view of posturs and the position of the center of gravity. Many problems were raised to be fully explained.
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  • S. TUSHIMA
    Article type: Article
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 28-34
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Back strength of children in elementary school were measured by the "rope"aftached to the back strength dynamometer deviced by the author. The correlation between the back strength and physique was studied. The results were obtained here as folIows: 1) Correlations between the back strength, measured by the rope attached to the back dynamometer, and physique are rather weak than previous findings in 10years boys. It was revealed that the correlation between the back strength & physique was lower in girls than in boys. 2) It was found that there is definite correlation between the back strength and other muscle strength in both sex as shown in the last paper. 3) It was revealed that there is no significant difference between boys and girls, in the grip strength, while there is a significant difference between them in the back strength as well as in the arm strength.
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  • K. TAKAGI, M. KUMAMOTO
    Article type: Article
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 35-38
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Letting the subjects exercise on a holizontal bar repeatedly with the additional weight, it is able to measure the grade of influence of his body weight on his chin-up score from the diminution ratio of the score. When the subject was given the additional weight of 2 kg. and 4 kg. his chin-up score was decreased by two with inereasing of every 2kg. As the ratio of the body weight (kg.) and the chin-up score corresponds to the ratio of 1: 1. So, the author got the following expression which is useful to culculate the arm strength score (I_K)from chin-up score I_K = W (body weight : kg.) + T (chin-up score) This is not only simple for actual use but slso understandable to be more trustworthy than McCloy's expression which has generally been used. In addition to that the author made the equipment for measuring arm strength direct]y while chinning-up, and examined the correlative relation between the arm strength and its score. It is concluded that both has a tight correlation.
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  • A. KAWABATA, H. NIU, K. TAKAGI, N. MURAKAMI, K. ITO, S. HIBINO, H. KAW ...
    Article type: Article
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 39-45
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the chapter (I) and (II), changing the load, E. C. G. was recorded. Given a certain load to each group (ordinary man, woman and sportsman), E.C.G., blood pressure, pulse rate and respiration rate were examined and the results were described in chapter (III) . This test is considered suitable to healthy men "A Load Test for Circlathry Function with Modified Master's 2-steps". Most healthy men showed circulatory insufficiency in overtraining. Therefore this test should be applied to the subject after a good rest. It is dangerous to usethis without consideration of overtraining of the subjects. The load test for circulatoy function is necessary to evaluate the condition of sports-men as well as ordinary men and women.
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  • Y. KAJIKAWA, Y. WAKUDA, M. YONEDA
    Article type: Article
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 46-54
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The energy expenditure was measured in American Football Games of Japanese athletes to get an index of severity of the physical activity of this game. The results were also discussed from viewponit of health administration. Whole amount of energy spent by each member in each game was estimated from direct measurement of oxygen intake with Donglas-bag as well as "time study" of activity of the athlete during one set of games. The results were as followed: (I) The basic movement of this game included the acts, particularly dash, blocking, tackle, which required higher calories compared with the other kindes of ball games. This high energy expenditure might be caused by wear of specially equipped protecting suits. (2) According to the "time study," approximately 64% of the whole time of the games was spent for keeping just a standing position, 21% for scrimmage. Most people of the teams spent their time of activity during games for blocking and tackles. (3) The mean of the energy expenditure of each subject in one set of the game, was estimated 765 Cal., and R.M.R. (Relative Metabolic Rate) 6.9 without marked difference of "positions."
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  • K. TOKUDA, N. MINAMITANIA
    Article type: Article
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 55-58
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Since Judo has been added to the formal itemes of the Olympic Games, it is our earnest concern to study from various points of view whether its match should be carried on as of old way or weight-system ought to be newly adapted in it. To learn the problem properly from the relation between height, weight and records, we examined All Japan High School Judo Tournament (1957), All Japan Student Judo Match (1955. 56. 57), All Japan Championship Match (1954. 55. 56. 57), and came to the following conclusions; (I) Heavier players are advantageous over lighter ones. (2) Even short players, if they are comparatively heavier, can achieve considerable records. (3) In case the difference of physique is great, except extreme instances, light players can hardly win.
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  • Article type: Cover
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages Cover3-
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (37K)
  • Article type: Cover
    1961 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages Cover4-
    Published: 1961
    Released on J-STAGE: December 31, 2016
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (37K)
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