Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a frequent perioperative complication that leads to decreased patient satisfaction, delayed recovery, and hospital readmission. The updated 2020 PONV prevention guidelines recommend multimodal prophylaxis for patients with one or more risk factors, however, the effectiveness of pharmacist intervention in this context has not been fully evaluated. This retrospective study assessed the effectiveness of pharmacist-led PONV risk assessment and prophylaxis recommendations. Patients aged ≥15 years who underwent general anesthesia at the Kobe University Hospital International Clinical Cancer Research Center were included. The non-intervention group consisted of 524 patients treated between July and September 2022, and the intervention group consisted of 474 patients treated between January and March 2023. The primary endpoint was the incidence of PONV within 24 hours postoperatively; the secondary endpoints were the use of rescue antiemetics and the number of prophylactic measures implemented. The incidence of PONV decreased significantly from 16.4％ in the non-intervention group to 10.1％ in the intervention group (P < 0.01). The use of rescue antiemetic also significantly declined from 14.1％ to 9.1％ (P = 0.014). The number of prophylactic measures significantly increased in the intervention group, with particularly marked benefits in high-risk patients, where combinations including total intravenous anesthesia might be most effective in preventing PONV. These findings suggest that pharmacist intervention based on PONV risk assessment may help reduce the incidence of PONV.

At Ogaki Municipal Hospital, pharmacists conduct preconsultation interviews to assess medication adherence and adverse events and to provide prescription recommendations to physicians. However, operational challenges, including overlooked or insufficiently addressed recommendations, the occurrence of prescription inquiries, and delays in prescription modifications, have been identified. Protocol-based pharmacotherapy management (PBPM) was introduced in October 2023 to address these issues. PBPM consists of six predefined protocols, including leftover medication adjustment, represcription, modification of supportive care medications, and the addition of essential laboratory tests, allowing pharmacists to correct prescription deficiencies within a physician-approved scope. A retrospective evaluation was conducted of 415 patients (3,390 prescriptions) treated between October 2023 and March 2025. The prescription recommendation rate was 32.4％, and the physician acceptance rate was 92.6％. PBPM was applied to 9.1％ of pharmacist recommendations made during preconsultation interviews, with a median prescription modification time of 8 minutes. PBPM enabled the timely and reliable correction of minor prescription deficiencies. These findings suggest that preconsultation prescription recommendations alone may be insufficient in pharmacist-led outpatient care for oral anticancer therapy. PBPM may serve as a complementary approach to ensure the accurate reflection of pharmacists’ evaluations in clinical practice while contributing to reduced workload for both physicians and pharmacists.

Since the release of ChatGPT-3.5 in 2022, generative artificial intelligence (AI) has seen widespread adoption across various sectors, including healthcare. Despite this growing popularity, the extent to which generative AI is used by hospital pharmacists remains largely unexplored. This study conducted a web-based questionnaire survey of hospital pharmacists who were members of the Japanese Society of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences between January and February 2025. Of the 351 valid responses, 195 (56.0％) reported using generative AI in connection with their work or medication-related activities. Among these users, 80 pharmacists reported experience using generative AI specifically for ward-based clinical pharmacy practices or drug information tasks, although their usage was often intermittent. While many respondents recognized the potential utility of generative AI in clinical pharmacy and drug information settings, the survey also revealed a general lack of familiarity with key AI-related terminology.

Inappropriate use of medicines remains a widespread issue encountered in daily life. Furthermore, there is a general reluctance to engage in proactive behaviors related to medicine management, such as independently maintaining a medication notebook. To address these challenges, we developed and implemented an interactive and engaging learning program targeted at the general public to promote behavioral and attitudinal changes toward the responsible use of pharmaceuticals. The program was based on the attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction (ARCS) model—an educational framework that emphasizes attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction—and additionally incorporated of a “Sugoroku” board game featuring quizzes and interactive discussions regarding medicines. Participants aged ≥18 years who regularly used medicines took part in the program, which was conducted face-to-face under the guidance of a facilitator. Data were collected through questionnaire surveys administered before (baseline), immediately after (post), and one month following the program (follow-up). The surveys assessed the effectiveness of the program using the semantic differential method, along with changes in the participants’ awareness and behaviors related to medicine use. Eleven participants completed all the questionnaires, received high ratings across the ARCS model components. Notably, the number of participants who attempted to record their health information in a medication notebook increased from four at baseline to eight immediately after the program, with four participants continuing this behavior one month later. These findings suggest that the learning program contributed to positive changes in the awareness and behaviors of the participants regarding responsible medicine use.

Combination therapy with ifosfamide and doxorubicin (AI) is a standard treatment for malignant soft tissue tumors. However, we have encountered a high incidence of edema in patients with AI receiving the standard supportive care regimen at our hospital. Based on a report indicating that dexamethasone has a noninferior antiemetic effect in chemotherapy regimens even with a shorter duration of administration, the total infusion volume was reduced from 3,000 to 2,000 mL, and the administration period of dexamethasone and granisetron was shortened from 4 to 3 days after discussion with physicians. We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis of patients who received the first course of AI for malignant soft tissue tumors in our institution between May 1, 2014, and March 31, 2020 to examine the impact of changing the regimen. There were 17 patients in the 3,000-mL group and 18 patients in the 2,000-mL group. The incidence of edema decreased from 82％ in the 3,000-mL group to 44％ in the 2,000-mL group. No decrease in creatinine clearance was observed after the treatment in either group, and no cases of hemorrhagic cystitis developed. The complete response rates were 65％ and 50％ (acute period) and 76％ and 44％ (delayed period) for the 3,000 mL and 2,000 mL groups, respectively. Thus, AI chemotherapy could be administered with reduced edema, without affecting renal function, by reducing the amount of fluid administered and the number of days of antiemetic drug administration. However, delayed vomiting remains an issue that needs to be addressed.

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誤：アルドステロン受容体拮抗剤（ARB）

正：アンジオテンシン受容体拮抗剤（ARB）

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