巻号一覧
30 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1～13を表示しています
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P. Y. D. WONG, C. L. Au, H. K. NGAI1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 1-15
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーElectrolytes and water transport have been studied in the perfused isolated duct of the rat cauda epididymis in vitro. The rates of reabsorption of sodium, chloride and water and of secretion of potassium were found to be comparable to those in the perfused rat cauda epididymidis in vivo. Sodium reabsorption was isotonic and inhibited by the metabolic uncoupler 2, 4-dinitrophenol and cooling. Removal of sodium ions from the intraluminal fluid abolished water reabsorption in the isolated duct. When potassium ions were removed from the peritubular medium the secretion of potassium was abolished, but the reabsorption of sodium and water was unaffected. Under this condition, the reabsorption of chloride was enhanced. Removal of calcium ions from the lumen increased the rates of sodium and water reabsorption and potassium secretion by twofold.
Amiloride (10-4 M) added to the intraluminal fluid had no effect on the electrolyte and water transport in the isolated duct, whereas triaminopyrimidine produced a dose-dependent inhibition of sodium and water reabsorption when added to both sides. Sodium and water reabsorption were found to be inhibited by the application of ouabain (10-3 M) to the peritubular side and of ethacrynic acid (10-4 to 10-3 M) to the luminal side. These results are discussed in the light of the recent concepts of isosmotic transepithelial transport.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1492K) -
竹内 亨, 宮川 清1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 17-29
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーThe mode of participation of three vascular beds of the kidney, intestine and skeletal muscles during blood pressure oscillation elicited by what is called a “side pressure exertion experiment” was investigated in anesthetized rabbits. The effect of varied circulating blood volume on their participation was also studied. The route of the blood supply to the brain was surgically restricted to one common carotid artery and the artery was compressed by exerting side pressure on a segment of it. When the side pressure was elevated in steps, the systemic arterial pressure also rose in steps from normal to the maximum, superimposed by an oscillation. During the course of graded elevation of systemic arterial pressure, the regional blood flow in the three vascular beds indicated characteristic changes as follows. The mean renal blood flow indicated simply an exponential decrease, the mean intestinal blood flow showed an initial slight augmentation which was followed by an exponential decrease, and the mean skeletal muscle blood flow exhibited a marked increase of up to 120 mmHg of mean arterial pressure, succeeded by an exponential decrease. Hemorrhaging and volume loading diminished the range of the changes in renal and intestinal resistance.Muscle resistance change was strongly intensified by hemorrhage. It is concluded that “post-ischemic reactive hyperemia” distinctly characterized the response of the three peripheral vascular beds in addition to the neurogenic control.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1297K) -
野本 昌弘1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 31-40
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーUnit responses of auditory afferent fibers in the monkey could be classified into two distinct populations according to two criteria:(i) the shape of the response area (in particular, the sharpness of tuning, “Q (10), ” and high frequency cutoff), and (ii) the impulse rate-sound intensity functions at different frequencies. These two populations have different log-normal distributions of the Q (10) s. The smaller population has a relatively rounded (smaller Q (10)) response area with a slow high frequency cutoff and rate-intensity functions with ramps of different slopes. The larger population has a sharp (larger Q (10)) response area and rate functions with parallel ramps. These differences in discharge properties give reasonable grounds to suppose that the smaller and the larger populations correspond to the outer spiral and inner radial fibers in the cochlea, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (980K) -
伊藤 眞次, 広田 良二, 勝浦 五郎1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 41-48
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーThe phase shift of circadian periodicity of pituitary-adrenocortical activity was studied in neonatally blinded infant rats. The phase shift of the rhythm was surprisingly rapid during the early stage of the prepubertal period, while changes in the rhythm pattern were rather small after puberty, as indicated by a slight shift of the acrophase. Low amplitude was observed in the group data of blinded rats after puberty.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (811K) -
鈴木 稔子, 小原 一男, 永井 寅男1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 49-59
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of ruthenium red (RR) on electrical and mechanical responses, and on Ca fluxes at rest and during potassium contracture (K contracture) in frog skeletal muscle were examined. By the treatment of single fibers with RR, the peak tensions of twitch and K contracture were inhibited, the degree of inhibition being dependent on the concentration of RR and on the duration of pretreatment. The inhibitory effect of RR on K contracture was pronounced at lower concentrations of K. The recovery of twitch tension from complete inhibition was observed several minutes after removal of RR by washing the fiber in normal Ringer solution, and was accelerated by brief exposure to 190 mM K solution. Caffeine contracture was not affected by RR. Moreover, resting and action potentials were not changed by RR except for an enhancement of a negative afterpotential. From these results, it is concluded that RR blocks excitation-contraction coupling (E-C coupling) in frog skeletal muscle. In addition, Ca influx, especially early rapid Ca influx, was markedly inhibited by RR, although the amount of selfexchangeable Ca was not significantly decreased. On the basis of these results, the sites and mechanism of RR action were discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1193K) -
鈴木 稔子, 高氏 昌, 永井 寅男1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 61-70
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーThe contents of sialic acid in the sarcolemma, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and myofibrils obtained from frog skeletal muscle homogenate were determined. The total sialic acid contents of the sarcolemma and fragmented SR were 2.95 and 3.34 nmols per mg of protein, respectively, while that of myofibrils was 1.47 nmols per mg of protein. Treatment of the fragmented SR with neuraminidase (EC 3.2.1.18 NAase) resulted in the release of sialic acid. Ca uptake and ATPase activities were measured in the NAase-treated fragmented SR. When the fragmented SR stood for 1 hr after treatment and washing, the Ca uptake was decreased slightly and neither basic nor extra ATPase activities were affected. In contrast, when the fragmented SR was allowed to stand for 24 hr after similar treatment, Ca uptake and extra ATPase activity were markedly inhibited, while the duration of extra ATP splitting was markedly prolonged and final ATP hydrolysis was increased without noticeable change in basic ATPase activity. The results obtained suggest that in frog skeletal muscle, sialic acid locates mainly at the surface and SR membranes and that sialic acid is not directly involved in active Ca transport of the SR membrane.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1025K) -
森本 茂, 馬詰 良樹, 増田 允1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 71-80
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーA clearly discriminable train of spikes was detected by ordinary silver disc electrodes fastened to the skin surface overlying m. vastus medialis during voluntary contraction in man. Some properties of these surface spikes were obtained.(1) Motor unit potentials detected by the inserted electrode located in the muscle closely under the fascia were found to be synchronized with the surface spikes.(2) The conduction velocity was around 3.5 m/s.(3) A starting point of the excitation, i.e., “end-plate, ” was located at a point one-third of the observed length from the distal end in this particular case.(4) The conduction velocity showed a linear relationship with muscular temperature and Q10=2.0 in the range of 17-31°C.(5) The amplitude of the surface spikes decreased monotonously with increasing the distance between the source and electrode.(6) Wave forms and threshold values were highly reproducible.(7) Similar surface spikes have been found in six other muscles in the subject S.M. and in m. vastus medialis in five other subjects.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1206K) -
江頭 啓介1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 81-91
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーEffects of noradrenaline (NA) on the membrane potential and the membrane resistance were studied in the guinea pig liver slices. The slices (2×2×6 mm) were prepared from the left lobe of the liver and superfused with Krebs solution. The mean membrane potential was -53.1mV. Electrotonic potentials were recorded in an extrapolar region of liver cells when current pulses were applied between two extracellular electrodes. It was shown that a liver slice had cable-like properties. The space constant was estimated to be 0.38 mm and the time constant 5.2 msec. Administration of NA (10-5M) caused initial depolarization followed by hyperpolarization and an reduction in the size of the electrotonic potentials, suggesting a reduction in the membrane resistance. The response to NA depended on the membrane potential, i.e., the depolarizing component of the biphasic response was larger with higher membrane potential, while the hyperpolarizing component was larger with lower membrane potential. Both components of the response were blocked by an α-blocker, phentolamine (1.5×10-5M), but not by a β-blocker, propranolol. The depolarizing component became smaller in a Na+-deficient and in a Cl-deficient solution, and was abolished in a solution lacking both Na+ and Cl-. These results may indicate that increases in Na+ and Cl- conductances may be responsible for the depolarizing component. The hyperpolarizing component was increase when the external K+ concentration was reduced, and the change in the eak potential with the external K+ concentration was larger in the presence of NA. In addition to these, the dependence of the response on the membrane potential and the reduction of the membrane resistance may suggest that the hyperpolarizing component of NA response is produced mainly by an increase in K+ conductance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1153K) -
大羽 利治, 堀田 健1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 93-104
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーThe relation between membrane current and mechanical activity during excitation of frog muscle fibers was studied using twomicroelectrode voltage clamp technique. The current flow upon excitation of membrane consisted of transient initial inward and subsequent outward currents which were carried by Na+ influx and K+ efflux, respectively. Blocking of the outward K+ current by 3, 4-diaminopyridine resulted in appearance of a late inward current associated with marked potentiation of twitch tension. Detubulation of the fiber by treatment with hypertonic glycerol suppressed the outward K+ current as well as the late inward current and abolished the contractile force. Dantrolene also gave similar effects on membrane currents and reduced twitch tension markedly. These results suggest that the late inward current through the T-system and not the outward K+ current may be the first step to lead the muscle cell to mechanical activation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1760K) -
M. S.SHAHID SALLES, K. SHAHID SALLES1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 105-114
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーThe role of the serotonergic (5-HT) system in the regulation of locomotor activity and consummatory behaviors was studied. Electrolytic and chemical (5, 7-dihydroxytryptamine: 5, 7-DHT) lesions were made in the median raphe nucleus (MR). The effects of these lesions on spontaneous locomotor activity, food and water intake and body weight were then studied. In these experiments, rats on an ad libitum feedingdrinking regimen were housed individually in cages with activity wheels located in a room kept at a temperature of 22+1°C. For each rat, records were kept of its spontaneous locomotor activity, food and water intake, and body weight for 8 weeks before and after the placement of lesion in MR. It was observed that:(1) electrolytic destruction of the MR produced a permanent decrease in locomotor activity, and (2) there were a reduced food intake and a decreased spontaneous activity after intra-MR injection of 5, 7-DHT.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4339K) -
北里 宏, 佐藤 秀一郎, 村山 公一, 西尾 恭介1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 115-130
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of insulin and ouabain on 22Na efflux and net Na loss were examined in frog sartorius muscles. After removal of ouabain, 22 Na efflux which had been inhibited by ouabain remained at the inhibited level for more than 2 hr. In ouabain-free solution, insulin stimulated the Na efflux from ouabain-preincubated muscles. The stimulating effect of insulin on 22Na efflux was completely blocked by the presence of ouabain.
Insulin shifted the Na efflux vs. intracellular Na concentration relationship toward the region of lower Na concentrations, and made the slope of log (Na efflux)vs. log [Na]i relationship less steep. On the other hand, ouabain shifted the Na efflux vs. intracellular Na concentration relationship toward the region of higher Na concentration, and made the slope of the log (Na efflux)vs. log [Na]i relationship steeper. The relationship between insulin-stimulated Na efflux and intracellular Na concentration obtained from ouabain-preincubated muscle was located in the region of higher Na concentrations than that obtained from control muscle. These findings suggest that insulin increases an apparent affinity of binding sites for Na ions, and the possibility that insulin increases the Vmax of Na transport system may be excluded. In contrast with the effect of insulin, ouabain may be considered to decrease the apparent affinity of binding site for Na ions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1672K) -
西江 弘, 真島 英信, 石田 絢子1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 131-136
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーNexus membranes were isolated from cardiac muscles of guinea pig or ox. It was confirmed by autoradiography that Ca2+ was actually bound with the nexus, and by atomic absorption spectroscopy that bound Ca increased extensively at [Ca2+] higher than 10-6 to 10-5 M and showed the dose-response relationship against [Ca2+].抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3935K) -
松村 幹郎, 成田 和彦1980 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 137-141
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーCaffeine induced contracture in frog auricular muscle at room temperature when the muscle was exposed to a Ca-rich solution. The initial transient tension lasted 10-30 sec, and it was inhibited by procaine. It was dependent on caffeine concentration and the time of exposure to a Ca-rich solution prior to caffeine attack, but was little dependent on Ca concentration during caffeine contracture.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (496K)
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