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33 巻, 4 号
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奥山 博司1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 507-519
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (892K) -
大羽 利治, 山本 まり子, 青木 貴子, 堀田 健1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 521-534
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーMechanical, electrical, and morphological properties of ilio-fibularis or semitendinosus of Xenopus laevis, Rana catesbeiana, and Rana nigromaculata were investigated in an attempt to find out the differences between them which will give the basic knowledge for the study of excitation -contraction coupling. With application of electrical stimulation, a single muscle fiber from Xenopus contracted at a faster rate of rise than did the other muscles tested. The maximum rate of rise (Tmax) of tension was in the order of Xenopus, R. catesbeiana, and R. nigromaculata. Ca2+ sensitivity and Tmax of mechanically skinned fibers of Xenopus resembled those of R. catesbeiana. Xenopus muscle had a small cross-sectional area of T-tubule compared with that in other species and the action potential exhibited a small positive-going hump. The volume density of the terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to the myofibril was the largest in the Xenopus muscle, with a statistically significant difference. Therefore, the Xenopus muscle appears to be good material for investigation of mechanisms related to Ca2+ release from SR, as elicited by the excitation of T-tubules.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1368K) -
加藤 昌克, 大村 裕, 丸橋 寿郎1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 535-546
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the G-H cells of Onchidium oesophageal ganglia, L-glutamate (L-glu) elicited hyperpolarizations caused by an increase in potassium permeability.
To identify the chemical groups of the structure of the L-glu receptor, which is involved in the L-glu response, the effects of chemical modifications were studied. Modifications of SH, guanidino, COOH, or NH2 groups depressed L-glu response. The modification of other polar amino acid residues and phospholipids, however, did not have an effect on the L-glu responses.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (792K) -
天貝 裕地, 飯島 政治, 葛西 四朗1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 547-557
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーDevelopmental changes in the membrane electrical properties during the differentiation of a newly established clonal myogenic cell line MC3T3-A1/M13 (M13) derived from newborn mouse calvaria were studied using the conventional intracellular recording method. M13 cells proliferated in vitro with a population doubling time of about 20hr when they were cultured in α-MEM containing 10% newborn bovine serum at 37°C. After they had achieved confluence and stopped growing, myotube formation by fusion of individual postmitotic mononucleated cells took place within 48hr, and it advanced until 70-80% of the total number of nuclei were incorporated into such myotubes. Mononucleated M13 cells had a resting membrane potential (Em) of -22.5±1.7mV (mean±S. D.) and responded passively to current stimuli, indicating that they are non- excitable. On the contrary, multinucleated myotubes had Ems ranging from -25 to -70mV, depending on the stage of their development. Newly fused myotubes had relatively less negative Ems and showed no response, whereas myotubes later in development showed delayed rectification against depolarizing current pulses, proving the development of a voltage-sensitive outward current system. Further, mature myotubes had an Em of -58.5±3.2mV and generated fast action potentials having a maximum rate of rise of 315±11V/sec and a duration of 3.0±0.5msec (measured at half height). These action potentials were identified as tetrodotoxin-insensitive Na+ spikes. These results indicate that the membrane excitability of the M13 myogenic cell line develops well after the formation of myotubes, with an increase in Em as maturation proceeds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1032K) -
中山 雪麿, 山口 正弘, 渡辺 和子, 関根 隆光1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 559-566
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーGlycerinated muscle fiber from rabbit psoas muscle often lost Ca2+-dependent regulation of its contraction with long-term extraction in a 50% glycerol solution containing 5mM EGTA at-20°C, designated as Ca2+-insensitive muscle fiber (CaIS-fiber). About 30 or 40% of glycerinated muscle fibers were CaIS-fibers after 1 to 3 months in the glycerol solution. We investigated the cause of the loss of Ca2+-sensitivity of the glycerinated muscle fiber by tension mechanogram and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
This natural CaIS-fiber showed a new band of 30K daltons peptide on SDS gels. On the other hand, Ca2+-sensitive fiber (CaS-fiber) changed to CaIS-fiber by trypsin digestion for 40sec. The tryptic CaIS-fiber had no troponin C and 30K daltons peptide bands in the electrophoretograms. Incubating with 2mM CaCl2 for 40hr at 25°C, CaS-fiber changed easily to CaIS-fiber which had 30K daltons peptide and faint troponin T and I bands, as in natural CaIS-fiber. All CaIS-fibers could recover their Ca2+-dependent regulation by incubating with native tropomyosin from rabbit skeletal muscle for 2 days at 4°C.
These results indicate that the loss of Ca2+-dependent regulation of glycerinated muscle fiber is due to degradation of regulatory protein system by endogenous Ca2+-activated proteolytic enzymes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (573K) -
滝脇 弘嗣, 望月 政司, 新関 久一1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 567-578
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーThe amount of CO2 liberated out of the red cell was measured by decreasing PCO2 in human blood with different fractional hematocrits of about 0.24, 0.45, and 0.75, respectively, in order to elucidate whether it depends on the hematocrit and the intracellular pH. From a venous PCO2 level the PCO2 of the sample bood was lowered to 12Torr. PCO2, CO2 content, pH, Cl-, and Na+ were measured in whole blood and true plasma before and after the reduction of PCO2. Change in water concentration in plasma was calculated from change in plasma Na+ concentration. The bicarbonate shift well counterbalanced to the Cl- shift. As the hematocrit was decreased, the amount of CO2 released per mol of hemoglobin increased, while the change in intracellular bound CO2 concentration decreased. That is, the intracellular bound CO2 became higher in the lower hematocrit blood than in the higher hematocrit one. This fact suggested that the intracellular pH became higher as the hematocrit was lowered, and thus the amount of alkali bound with hemoglobin or the CO2 release was enhanced. The Donnan ratio of the bound CO2 at 12Torr was independent of the hematocrit, though the pH was inversely related to the hematocrit.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (798K) -
望月 政司, 滝脇 弘嗣, 加川 朋子, 田澤 皓1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 579-599
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーThe simultaneous Henderson-Hasselbalch equations in plasma and red cell were solved in order to obtain the CO2 dissociation curve of oxygenated blood. In order to solve the above two equations the following equation was added, in which the relationship between the intracellular (ΔpHC) and the extracellular pH change (ΔpHP) was defined as follows: pHC=(1+σ)ΔpHP, where 1+σ is a factor to be determined from experimental data on Donnan's ratio for H+. From the solution, the ratio of bicarbonate shift to the CO2 quantity released out of or combined with hemoglobin was calculated. The solution was validated by comparing the above ratio between the theoretical and experimental data. The CO2 contents calculated at 12Torr in whole blood, red cell, and plasma compartments show good agreement with the respective analyzed values. When the buffer values of hemoglobin and plasma buffer protein were 70.0 and 7.5mmol/ (liter plasma•pH), respectively, σ=-0.21+0.05•ΔpHP, and the Donnan's ratio for HCO3- was assumed to be 0.7 at pH=7.33, the theoretical CO2 dissociation curve fitted well with the experimental curve. The CO2 dissociation curve of deoxygenated blood was expressed by adding the measured Haldane effect to the CO2 content of oxygenated blood. This additive characteristic in turn made it possible to estimate carbamate contribution in the Haldane effect.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1364K) -
田澤 皓, 望月 政司, 田村 和一, 加川 朋子1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 601-618
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーThe theoretical equations for the CO2 dissociation curve derived by MOCHIZUKI et al. (1983) have made it possible to estimate the CO2 contents in blood at any PCO2 by putting the intra- and extracellular bicarbonate contents at a certain PCO2 into them. Moreover, according to their Haldane effect equation, the carbamate and bicarbonate contributions are evaluated, when the Haldane effect and its plasma component are known along the PCO2 range. In order to accomplish the above calculation the water shifts due to the PCO2 and O2 saturation changes were measured as the changes of hematocrit. The hematocrit of oxygenated blood was linearly correlated to pH with a factor of -0.037, and the difference in hematocrit between oxygenated and deoxygenated bloods was 0.004 in terms of fractional hematocrit. The blood and plasma CO2 contents measured at four different PCO2′s were compared with the ones calculated by use of the intra- and extracellular bicarbonate contents at 42Torr PCO2. The measured and calculated CO2 contents coincided fairly well with each other. Using intra- and extracellular bicarbonate contents in oxygenated blood together with the Haldane effect and its plasma component, the carbamate contribution was then calculated. The carbamate content was about 1.2mmol/liter blood over a PCO2 range of 20 to 100Torr, and its ratio to the total Haldane effect decreased from 50 to 40%, as PCO2 was increased. The ratio of the bicarbonate shift to the total bicarbonate change due to the Haldane effect, ranging from 0.82 to 0.66, was significantly greater than that measured by changing PCO2.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1070K) -
内田 勝雄, 望月 政司, 新関 久一1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 619-634
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーThe diffusion process of CO2 within a thin layer of hemoglobin (Hb) solution was followed by pH-sensitive fluorescence of 4-methylum- belliferone. In the presence of sufficient carbonic anhydrase in the layer, the pH change was accelerated and determined only by the diffusion. The diffusion rate was reduced as the Hb concentration was increased. The pH rise observed in the CO2 diffusion out of the layer was slower than the pH fall caused by inward diffusion. However, the outward diffusion rate was faster than the inward diffusion rate in contrast to the pH change. The diffusion coefficients of molecular CO2 and bicarbonate ion were separately determined from the simulated and experimental PCO2-time curves by utilizing the non-linearity of the CO2 dissociation curve. The simulated curve was obtained from a numerical solution of the differential equation for diffusion by using the measured CO2 dissociation curve. The diffusion coefficient of CO2 was assumed to decrease exponentially with increasing Hb concentration. The diffusion coefficient of HCO3- was found to be reduced hyperbolically as the Hb concentration was increased. The diffusion coefficients of CO2 and HCO3- of 100% hemolysate were 0.34×10-5 and 0.14×10-5cm2/sec, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1066K) -
新関 久一, 望月 政司, 内田 勝雄1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 635-650
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーThe diffusion rate of CO2, into and out of the red cell, was measured by using a stopped flow method with pH-sensitive fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone. A red cell suspension of 15% hematocrit with the PCO2 of 8Torr (or 65Torr) was mixed with the same amount of saline solution having 65Torr (or 8Torr). Carbonic anhydrase was added to the external solution at a concentration of 20mg/100ml in order to accelerate the hydration and dehydration reactions, so that the PCO2 change in the fluid could be observed instantaneously through pH. In the inward diffusion PCO2 showed a large change, suggesting a lack of HCO3- shift across the red cell membrane. In the outward diffusion, however, the PCO2, change was smaller, suggesting that H+ ions produced in the external solution by CO2 hydration were rapidly buffered by the red cell. The half-times of the inward and outward diffusions were, on an average, 0.08 and 0.13sec, respectively. The results of the simulation revealed that the above difference in half-times was attributed to the difference in slope between the two dissociation curves with and without the HCO3--shift. The diffusion rate was almost constant and remained independent of the direction of CO2 flux. That is, at a low pH range the permeation of H+ ions across the red cell membrane was much faster than the diffusion rate of CO2.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1083K) -
諏訪 邦夫, 福家 伸夫, 田上 恵1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 651-660
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーIn order to study the effect of high frequency ventilation on the pulmonary gas exchange in respiratory failure, we measured the PaO2, and other pulmonary gas exchange parameters for ventilatory rates of 0.5, 1.2, 4.8, and 16Hz in dogs, to which acute respiratory failure was created by intravenous infusion of oleic acid. Either the mean intratracheal pressure or the end-tidal intratracheal pressure was controlled.
A loud-speaker ventilator of our own design was modified so as to enable variation of the intratracheal pressure. Ventilation was measured using an ultrasonic instrument which counts the number of turbulent eddies. The tidal volume was set slightly higher than that was determined for healthy animals, but the resulting PaCO2, values were consistently higher than normal when PaO2, values were low.
With the mean intratracheal pressure kept constant at 5, 10, and 15cm H2O, PaO2, values with the FIO2, of 1 were between 41 and 46 at mPit of 5, 65 and 82 at 10cm H2O, 278 and 423 at 15cm H2O. No increase in PaO2, was observed with the increase in respiratory frequencies. If anything, a slight reduction in PaO2, at 8 and 16Hz was observed, though not statistically significant. With the end-tidal intratracheal pressure constant, PaO2, varied but again correlated well with the mPit.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (645K) -
葉原 芳昭, 黒島 晨汎1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 661-665
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーImmunoreactive glucagon and insulin were highly concentrated in brown adipose tissue of the rat. Tissue contents of these hormones increased and decreased in cold- and heat-acclimated rat, respectively. These results suggest that both glucagon and insulin related closely to thermal acclimation through their metabolic actions on brown adipose tissue.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (401K) -
布村 忠弘, 永坂 鉄夫, 柴田 裕行1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 667-670
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーWhen systemic arterial pressure was elevated with phenylephrine (PHE) at 13°C, heart rate (HR), and heat production (M) associated with shivering were greatly suppressed in rats. The magnitude of suppression increased proportionally with increasing doses of PHE. During restraint, however, such a suppression of HR and M with PHE was attenuated, indicating that restraint reduced baroreflex sensitivity in altering HR and shivering in rats.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (333K) -
藤井 崇知, Ulrike HEINRICH, Jürgen HOFFMANN, Dietrich W. LÜBBERS1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 671-675
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーField potentials and the reflection spectra of cytochromes were continuously recorded from the olfactory cortical slice of a guinea pig which was incubated under the normoxic and anoxic conditions. The reduction of the oxidated spectra of the Cytochromes occurred before the decrease of field potential heights and the oxidation of the reducted spectra occurred before their recovery. In a 3min anoxic experiment, a 90% recovery of the cytochromes aa3, b, and c, and the field potential amplitudes took place in this order after the restoration of oxygen.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (345K) -
施 玉〓, 徐 科1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 677-680
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーThe time for blocking neuromuscular transmission by botulinum toxin is lengthened in phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation of rats sacrificed at various times after subcutaneous injection of toosendanin (7mg/kg). This effect of toosendanin manifests itself 15min after injection and lasts for 3 days. During this period the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials is increased.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (238K) -
反町 勝, 西村 茂人1983 年 33 巻 4 号 p. 681-685
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2006/07/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the cat adrenal perfused with a medium containing ouabain, raising the external concentration of K to 10mM abruptly increased the rate of catecholamine secretion. Increased response to 10mM K were also observed in the adrenals treated with monoiodoacetate or cyanide, which was suggested to reduce the Na pumping activity indirectly. Since both the onset time and the magnitude of K-induced secretion are dependent on the concentration of external Na, it was suggested that a small increase of K concentration accelerates Ca influx in exchange for internal Na.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (361K)
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