Japanese Journal of Phytopathology
Online ISSN : 1882-0484
Print ISSN : 0031-9473
ISSN-L : 0031-9473
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Volume 75, Issue 1
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Originals
  • Brown leaf spot disease of gentian, Gentiana scabra var. buergeri (Miq.) Maxim. and its causal fungus
    T. KOBAYASHI, S. KASUYAMA, H. NASU, Y. ONO, K. WATANABE
    2009 Volume 75 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.75.1
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A new disease, brown leaf spot of gentian, Gentiana scabra var. buergeri (Miq.) Maxim. was first found in 1984 in Okayama Prefecture, and then in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. The spots are first pale brown, then turn to grayish white, often with a purplish brown border. Diseased leaves usually dry out without early defoliation. Often flower buds are infested. Fruiting bodies of a fungus develop on the leaf spots and have a unique morphological development. Spraying a suspension of conidia-like propagules from the fruiting bodies or placing a disc of the isolated fungal colony on the leaves resulted within 1 to 2 weeks in the appearance of the leaf spot symptoms the same as in field. The pathogen was similar to hyphomycetous genus Mycochaetophora Hara et Ogawa established in 1931 for the fungus that causes circular leaf spot of Zelkowa serrata (Thunb.) Makino. But Zelkowa serrata did not develop any disease after inoculation with the fungus isolated from gentian. Because the sizes of the sporophore and conidium of the gentian fungus also differs from the Mycochaetophora pathogen of Zelkowa, the present fungus was treated as a new species of the genus Mycochaetophora, and named M. gentianae Tak. Kobay., Kasuyama et Nasu.
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  • Host range and distribution of powdery mildew fungi and soil calcium as a major factor affecting disease incidence in mountainous regions of Akita Prefecture, Japan
    H. NAITO, Y. KIKUCHI, A. MIURA, S. TOMIOKA, M. FUJITA, S. FUJI, H. FUR ...
    2009 Volume 75 Issue 1 Pages 9-20
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.75.9
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In a survey from 2001 through 2006 of host range, distribution and other factors affecting powdery mildew diseases on various plant species in seven mountainous regions of Akita Prefecture (including the environs of Akita and Daisen cities), 126 plant species representing 48 families were recorded as host plants. Most host species in the northern region of Akita Prefecture were in the Caprifoliaceae, whereas in the central and the southern regions they were mostly in the Compositae. Nine species were newly recorded as host plants in Japan, with two species each in the Rosaceae, Caprifoliaceae and Compositae, and one species each in the Guttiferae, Araliaceae, and Ericaceae. Powdery mildew fungi belonging to 10 genera (7 genera in a new taxonomic system) were isolated from host plants, predominantly from genera Uncinula (Erysiphe section Uncinula and Parauncinula novo systema) and Microsphaera (Erysiphe section Microsphaera). The numbers of diseased host plants varied considerably by region. Akita Prefecture, where more than 30% of the potentially susceptible host species were infected, had three characteristic features: average rainfall from June through September was less than 166 mm/month; average wind speed from June through September was greater than 1.2 m/s; and average soil calcium exceeded 1900 mg/kg. Disease incidence was low in the Oga region, where soil calcium was as low as 1400 mg/kg, despite having the other criteria for high incidence. Therefore, the main factor affecting disease incidence may be soil calcium.
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  • Current status of cucumber powdery mildew caused by Oidium subgenus Reticuloidium in Tokyo, Japan
    H. HOSHI, Y. SATO, H. HORIE
    2009 Volume 75 Issue 1 Pages 21-28
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: March 07, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.75.21
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In 2005 and 2006, cucumber powdery mildew caused by Oidium subgenus Reticuloidium was found in semiforcing and open-field cultures in 11 fields in five cities and two towns in the Tama area of Tokyo. This subgenus affected the cucumber plants from the beginning of May to the middle of June. After this period, Oidium subgenus Fibroidium infected the plants. The concomitant presence of both subgenera at the initiation of the disease was rare. Oidium subgenus Reticuloidium was estimated to cause 21.8%~39.0% of the total damage to the leaves, and the disease severity was estimated to be 5.8~12.8 in two fields. The morphological features of the isolates from Tokyo were in agreement with those reported in the literature for the subgenus; however, the observed foot-cell length differed from that reported previously. The susceptibility of cucumber varieties to subgenus Reticuloidium was similar to that to the subgenus Febroidium, with the exception of the variety “Yuusen.”
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Short Communication
Disease Note
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