-
Article type: Cover
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
Cover1-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Cover
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
Cover2-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Index
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
969-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Index
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
969-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
970-971
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
972-973
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
974-975
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
976-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Toshihiro Onaka
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
977-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Takakazu Oka, Tomoko Matsushita, Tatsuyuki Arimura
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
978-985
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
"Alexisomia" (shitsu-taikan-sho in Japanese) is a concept first proposed by Dr. Yujiro Ikemi in 1979 to categorize symptoms commonly observed in patients with psychosomatic diseases. As the original definition of alexisomia given by Ikemi was vague and standardized methods to evaluate alexisomia have yet to be developed, it is difficult to pursue research on alexisomia today. Therefore, to better clarify the concept of "alexisomia", we reviewed how Ikemi conceptualized alexisomia and its historical background. We also extracted various descriptions of alexisomia from his papers and books and summarized the specific components that comprise alexisomia. Ikemi proposed that the following senses are impaired in alexisomia, resulting in reduced awareness: (1) senses that are necessary to maintain homeostasis such as hunger and somnolence; (2) senses associated with adaptive processes to changes in environment that subjects normally feel as warning signs (such as fatigue); and (3) senses that accompany physical diseases; i.e., subjective symptoms such as chill and pain. Ikemi added that alexisomic individuals also have problems in expressing such bodily feelings and in responding accordingly in addition to having difficulties in awareness. Furthermore, he mentioned that such individuals are apt to lead unhealthy and self-destructive lifestyles, have decreased sensitivity to seasonal changes, and have little chance to experience contact with natural environment.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
986-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Shoichi Ebana
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
987-993
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Transactions between therapists and patients sometimes get complicated, even if the therapist is careful. Transactional Analysis analyzes and improves the mechanism of these transactions. Results of this study suggest that transactional analysis has inherited the psychoanalytic framework, "release from control through a parent-child relationship in childhood." Furthermore, the significance of the perspective of transactional analysis, which analyzes transaction instead of mental conditions, was reviewed. Transactional analysis transfers "one person psychology," characterized by neutrality and one-directionality, to "two person psychology," characterized by sympathy, mutuality and relationships. It is suggested that these characteristics are more important for conducting transactions with patients in modern society, who have "unstable selves".
View full abstract
-
Aiko Azuma, Kazuhiro Yoshiuchi
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
994-1001
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Egogram is a helpful tool in daily psychosomatic intervention. It provides both therapists and patients to see objectively, how patients use each ego state and how patients behave, think, and feel in their usual settings. In addition, evaluating Egogram with other concepts of Transactional Analysis (TA), such as the transactions, the script, and the life positions, helps to find a solution for the problem that patients work on, and to give specific tips for behavior modifications. In the present paper, we introduce Egogram by indicating what the concept is, how to interpret, and how to apply for behavior modifications. We also show a case who has been successfully treated using Egogram.
View full abstract
-
Mutsumi Ashihara, Shiho Matsuda
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1002-1010
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
We may repeat the same failures in daily life. On those occasions, we always experience the same kind of unpleasant feelings and outcome. This process is called a "game" in Transactional Analysis. The dynamics of games are as follows: 1) Games have an ulterior motive leading to the final pay off. 2) Games are noted by their repetitive occurrence. 3) A game is played without Adult awareness. 4) A game is played as an exchange for negative strokes. It is a sequence of ulterior transactions. 5) A game is accompanied by the moment of confusion due to the switch of ego states. 6) The person plays games to reinforce and prove his life positions (I am not OK). 7) The game always ends in bad and uncomfortable feelings. The game theory can be applied to clinical situations. Two cases are presented to discuss psychosomatic internal medicine from the standpoint of games. We should not forget that the task of the therapist is to stop game-playing. It is important not to accept the invitation of the client as a game player. In conclusion, the game is inevitable in our daily life. As soon as we become aware that a game is going on, it is important to stop it immediately.
View full abstract
-
Keiko Hanaoka
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1011-1017
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In the personality adaptation theory, recently developed in transactional analysis, six types of personality are identified and the therapeutic approach for each adaptation is discribed in detail. Each adaptaion has a distinct door to therapy and if the therapist makes a mistake of the door, therapy cannot proceed apace. Each person can be contacted in any of three contact area called "doors", thinking, feeling or behavior. The first area is the open door, it is the area in which the person prefers for initial contact and the therapist should approach to this area to achieve and maintain rapport. After contact is well established at the open door, the person will be willing to move on to a second contact area, the target door. It is the area he needs to integrate in order to make change in therapy. The third contact area is the trap door. This is the area in which the person has the greatest defences and therefore is most likely to get stuck if it is addressed too early. In this article, six adaptations and each related script and issue, and how to approach the door to therapy will be discussed by presenting report of cases.
View full abstract
-
Ryoko Shimada
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1018-1024
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Relational Transactional Analysis is presented by Hargaden, H. and Sills, C. and other TA therapists, who are affected by relational psychoanalysis. Hargaden and Sills wrote that their clients of today frequently had a disturbance of sense of 'self' and they would not respond to classical interventions and a new therapeutic model for such clients was needed. The most prominent feature of Relational TA is that it centralizes the client-therapist relationship as a therapeutic tool. If the therapist survives the thereatening impact of the transferential relationship (intersubjectivity) with her consistent 'self', and understands the unconscious of herself and the client, the client will be able to find the way to contain and accept of all the split parts of 'self'.
View full abstract
-
Sayaka Takada, Koichi Shinchi, Toyohiko Kodama, Kiyoshi Yoshimizu, Set ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1025-1034
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Background: In International Disaster Relief Operations (IDR), the medical staff must work very hard under limited manpower and medical equipments. Mental stress management of the medical staff in IDR is very important for effective medical relief operations. But a stress management system is not fully established in Japan. Method: In this study, the authors examined the mental stress of the medical staff in IDR which they experienced throughout 3 activity periods. They include Period I: From decision to participate〜Arrival at the affected area, Period II: From arrival at the affected area〜Before withdraw from the affected area, and Period III: From withdrawing and going back home〜3 months after going back home. The authors send out a self-administered questionnaire by mail to 148 medical staff members who have worked in the past IDR. The collection rate was 57.4% (85/148) , and full usable response was 56.0% (83/148). Subjects were 83 medical staff members who had participated in IDR in the past. A study period was between August 2007 and April 2008. Results: The results clarified that 72.2% of the medical staff felt some stress during Period I, 75.9% in Period II, and 51.8% in Period III. Most of the medical staff felt strong stress during Periods I and II. Stress gradually decrease in Period III. In Periods II and III, the medical staff whose occupational experience was less than 10 years felt significantly strong mental stress than those whose occupational experience was more than 11 years. In Period II, the medical staff who had participated in IDR several times felt more mental stress than those who had no experience of IDR. Conclusion: Stress levels and factors gradually changed in the 3 periods in IDR. It is very important to establish an effective mental stress management system for the future success of IDR.
View full abstract
-
Makoto Otani, [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1035-1040
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1041-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1042-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1042-1043
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1043-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1043-1044
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1044-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1044-1045
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1045-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1045-1046
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1046-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1046-1047
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1047-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1047-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1048-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1048-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1049-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1049-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1051-1053
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1054-1055
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1056-1058
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1059-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1060-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1062-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1062-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1062-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
1062-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Cover
2011 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages
Cover3-
Published: November 01, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS