Urachal remnants are relatively rare congenital anomalies that typically occur in young individuals. They are often diagnosed after the onset of purulent discharge from the umbilicus. Although surgical treatment is the primary curative approach, cosmetic outcomes at the surgical site, particularly at the umbilicus, are important factors affecting quality of life in this population. In this study, we reviewed 14 cases of laparoscopic resection of urachal remnants performed at our institution. All patients were discharged early postoperatively, and favorable patient satisfaction with umbilical appearance was achieved in all cases.

 Type I cutaneous meningioma is a rare congenital tumor arising from ectopic arachnoid cells retained in the skin during embryonic development. Its diagnosis is particularly challenging when associated with calvarial defects because of the broad differential diagnosis. We report a case of a 1-year-and-6-month-old boy with a 12-mm purplish subcutaneous mass on the parietal region present since birth. Initial ultrasonography and MRI suggested sinus pericranii or a venous malformation; however, surgical excision followed by histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of cutaneous meningioma. This case illustrates the diagnostic difficulty of cutaneous meningioma with skull defects. Comprehensive imaging and pathological evaluation are necessary to ensure accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.

 Reconstructive techniques for patients with gingival carcinoma are diverse; in particular, surgical reconstruction following excision of carcinoma in the mandibular vestibule requires careful consideration of functional and aesthetic outcomes. We used a lower lip mucocutaneous flap, elevated from the lower lip and transferred to the intraoral defect, in two patients, with favorable results. This procedure allowed for simultaneous reconstruction of the orbicularis oris muscle while enabling primary closure of the donor site, thereby preserving its function. Moreover, aligning the inferior incision line of the flap with the boundary between the lateral and mental subunits of the lower lip achieved a natural lip contour and satisfactory aesthetic outcomes. The surgical field is easily accessible, making the procedure safe and simple. This technique represents an effective alternative to conventional methods for treating gingival carcinoma of the anterior mandibular vestibule.

 Muir-Torre syndrome, a subtype of Lynch syndrome, is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by visceral malignancies co-occurring with cutaneous tumors including keratoacanthomas and sebaceous tumors. This syndrome is caused by an autosomal dominant germline mutation in a DNA mismatch repair gene. When a suspected case of Muir-Torre syndrome is identified during plastic surgery, the patient may subsequently be diagnosed with underlying Lynch syndrome. In rare instances, a skin tumor may prompt suspicion of Muir-Torre syndrome. Here, we report a case of Muir-Torre syndrome in a patient who presented to our department with frequent cutaneous tumors as their primary complaint.

 We present a case of pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) manifesting as a substantial mass. A 14-year-old female patient presented to our breast surgery department with enlargement of the left breast. Magnetic resonance imaging and needle biopsy established a diagnosis of PASH. The patient was referred for cosmetic surgical intervention. Tumor resection and reconstructive surgery were performed using an inverted-T incision with preservation of the nipple-areola complex. Six months postoperatively, there was no evidence of recurrence; however, mild nipple deviation and scar formation were observed. Because PASH may rapidly increase in size in young patients, it must be differentiated from lobular tumors. Cosmetic reconstruction, including nipple-areola complex preservation, is crucial for enhancing postoperative quality of life in young patients.

 Fibroma of tendon sheath is a benign fibrous tumor that usually arises from the tendon sheaths of the fingers and hands. Its occurrence in the ankle region is extremely rare. We report a 56-year-old man with a painless, slowly enlarging mass in the anterior aspect of the left ankle. MRI demonstrated a well-circumscribed lesion with low T1 and iso-to-low T2 signal intensities, continuous with the tibialis anterior tendon sheath. The tumor was excised en bloc using an adherent tendon sheath. Histopathology revealed spindle-shaped fibroblasts in dense collagenous stroma, confirming fibroma of the tendon sheath. No recurrence or functional impairment was observed two years postoperatively.