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Volume 11 (1993)
- Issue 2 Pages 47-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 11, Issue 1
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Toshiyuki AKAI1993 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 1-11
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEvent-related potentials (ERPs) to auditory stimuli were recorded from 12 adults when they listened to, or ignored those stimuli. Dichotic auditory stimuli, which were different in pitch, and visual stimuli, which differed in color and duration, were presented at short (200-500ms) or long (600-1500ms) interstimulus intervals (ISIs). These auditory and visual stimuli had no relation in timing of presentation. Subjects were required either to attend to one ear and detect targets which were higher in pitch than standards, or to attend to visual stimuli and ignore all auditory stimuli. Results in both ISI conditions showed that there were similar positive shifts in ERPs to irrelevant stimuli in the auditory attention condition relative to auditory ERPs in the visual attention condition in 200-300ms latency range. This suggests that the positive shift in ERPs to irrelevant stimuli is not caused by the overlap of ERPs elicited by preceding stimuli, but an endogenous component that relates to rejection of the irrelevant stimuli.View full abstractDownload PDF (1448K) -
Shigeru WATANABE1993 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 13-22
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing an operant procedure, pigeons were trained on a visual discrimination between four edible and non-edible objects. Experiment I indicates that performance on this task was not affected by lesions of either visual Wulst or ectostriatum. In Experiment II the effects of hemispherectomy, combined with monocular visual occlusion were examined. No deficits were seen when subjects were tested using the eye contralateral to the intact hemisphere, but deficits were seen when they used the eye contralateral to the ablated hemisphere. The results suggest that either Wulst or ectostriatum is sufficient to mediate visual discrimination of food, but damage to both structures significantly impairs this discriminative behavior.View full abstractDownload PDF (1209K) -
Sachiko MURATA, Takashi MOROTOMI1993 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 23-29
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEvent-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to investigate the effect of repetition of semantic priming. Two types of priming were used : Semantically related and semantically unrelated method. In two blocks of 76 trials, subjects were asked to press a number-key that was corresponded to the number of the syllables of each target picture's name as rapidly as possible. For both types of priming, reaction time (RT) was shorter in block 2 than in block 1. Significant RT differences were consistently observed between the two stimulus conditions in the two blocks. Negative difference waves were obtained by subtracting the averaged ERPs for the semantically related targets from the ERPs for the semantically unrelated targets. The difference waves had a peak latency of about 400 ms. At frontal, central, and parietal regions, the amplitude of the difference waves were larger in block 2 than in block 1; however, there was no difference amplitude in the occipital region. These results suggest that different regions of the brain are differentially involved in carrying out the semantic priming task.View full abstractDownload PDF (841K) -
Kazumi MICHIHIRO1993 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 31-36
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study examined the effects of cognitive set on the skin conductance orienting response (SCR OR). Three tones, corresponding in pitch to notes C, E, and G on the musical scale, were used. Subjects were first presented with pairs of C and E tones until a habituation criterion was reached. Following this, they were given another pairs of C and G tones until a habituation criterion. Twenty-eight female college volunteers were divided into two groups, according to their cognitive set perceiving tones as simple physical tones or as musical notes, that is, Tone Group (N=15) and Musical Scale Group (N=13). The results indicated that Musical Scale Group showed significantly slower habituation to both pairs of tones and more pronounced SCR OR to the change in tone pairing compared to Tone Group.View full abstractDownload PDF (649K) -
Sachiko KOYAMA, Yasuhiro NAGEISHI, Minoru SHIMOKOCHI1993 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 37-42
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEvent-Related Brain Potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 20 subjects during memory search task. In each trial, five memory items to be remembered were followed by test items. Subjects were required to respond whether each test item was included the memory items or not by pressing buttons. All items were words. The five memory items were drawn from one semantic category (for example, animal, vegetable or music instrument). Three types of test items were used : target items which were memory items and required for “yes” responses; related items which were drawn from the same semantic category as memory items and required for “no” responses; unrelated items which were drawn from different semantic categories from the memory items and required subjects for “no” responses. The reaction time for the related items was longer than that for the unrelated items and the amplitude of N400 elicited by the related items was reduced compared with that elicited by the unrelated items.View full abstractDownload PDF (698K)
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