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Volume 26 (2008)
- Issue 3 Pages 205-
- Issue 2 Pages 63-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 26, Issue 3
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Fumi ITO, Aki AKAMINE, Mitsuro KIDA2008 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 205-215
Published: 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDifferences between type A and type B participants in allocating processing resources to a task were assessed by measuring two subcomponents of P3 : early P3 (peak latency 380 ms) and late P3 (peak latency 520 ms). Type A (N=18) and Type B (N=19) participants performed a discriminative reaction (reaction time; RT) task under the Stop/NoStop paradigm. Under the RT only condition, participants performed just the reaction time task, whereas under the dual-task condition, they concurrently performed both the reaction time task and a mental counting task. The dual task consisted of two conditions differing in task difficulty. The RT for NoStop stimuli increased under the dual task conditions for both the Type A and Type B groups. However, a decrease in early P3 amplitude due to the dual workload was found only in the Type B group and not in the Type A group. The late P3 amplitude for NoStop stimuli increased under the dual task conditions for both the Type A and Type B groups. These findings are discussed within the framework of the multiple resource model. (Japanese Journal of Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology, 26 (3) : 205-215, 2008.)View full abstractDownload PDF (1788K) -
Yukio TSUCHIDA, Jun'ichi KATAYAMA, Harumitsu MUROHASHI2008 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 217-228
Published: 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIndividual differences in working memory capacity (WMC), as measured by the reading span test, are related to the inhibition of task-irrelevant information during the test. We examined whether this controlled attention is domain-specific using event-related brain potential (ERP) during visual three-stimulus oddball tasks. The reading span test was used to evaluate the WMC of 52 students. Participants were required to respond to rare targets (15%) and ignore both infrequent nontargets (15%) and frequent standards (70%). In one condition the same geometric figure was repeatedly presented as a nontarget, while in another condition, novel unrecognizable visual stimuli were non-targets. The low-span group (n = 13) showed larger non-target P300 amplitude in response to the repeatedly presented non-target than did the high-span group (n = 13). Thus, it is speculated seemed that task-irrelevant information captured more of the participant's attention in the low-span group than in the high-span group. WMC may depend on the inhibition of attention to task-irrelevant information not only in the verbal domain but also in the processing of visual stimuli. (Japanese Journal of Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology, 26 (3) : 217-228, 2008.)View full abstractDownload PDF (1526K) -
Keiichi ONODA, Yasumasa OKAMOTO, Yoshihiko KUNISATO, Shigeto YAMAWAKI2008 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 229-235
Published: 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study the neural activation associated with anticipations of emotional pictures by comparing findings obtained under negative and positive anticipation conditions. While being scanned with fMRI, healthy participants (n = 18) were cued to anticipate and then perceive emotional stimuli having predictable emotional valences (positive and negative). In some cases the subjects could accurately predict the emotional valance of the following stimuli based on the preceding cues, while in other cases, the cues were useless for making such predictions. During the anticipation of negative pictures, activities of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, insula, amygdala, thalamus, and visual cortex were enhanced, relative to the activity levels in those regions under the positive anticipation condition. This result suggests that these brain regions are involved in anticipation of negative images. Furthermore, path analysis demonstrated that activation of the amygdala influenced the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex via the anterior cingulate cortex. This finding suggests that anticipatory activation of the limbic system may facilitate preparatory processes in the prefrontal cortex. (Japanese Journal of Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology, 26 (3) : 229-235, 2008.)View full abstractDownload PDF (1160K) -
Hiroshi NITTONO, Keiichi ONODA2008 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 237-246
Published: December 31, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnalog and digital filters are commonly used in recording and analyzing event-related potentials (ERPs). However, an inadvertent application of filter can considerably distort the ERP waveforms. This paper presents basic knowledge on how filters work and how they affect signals represented in the time domain. After a brief introduction of analog and digital filters, the following three common misconceptions about filtering are addressed : (1) filtered waveforms do not include signals below or above the cutoff frequency; (2) any high-pass filter can be described in terms of the time constant; and (3) zerophase filters do not distort the waveforms. None of these three propositions are true. Finally, this paper makes some recommendations for the use of filters in ERP research. (Japanese Journal of Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology, 26 (3) : 237-246, 2008.)View full abstractDownload PDF (1467K)
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