心理学研究

2005年度優秀論文賞授賞論文

公開日: 2024/07/02 更新日: 2024/07/02

4件中1～4件の論文を表示しています

75 巻 (2004-2005) 1 号 p. 33-40 公開日: 2024/07/02
実験デザインに基づく一対比較データの解析
豊田秀樹, 室橋弘人, 尾崎幸謙, 芳賀麻誉美

Paired comparison is a useful method for assessing ranks among several objects, and it enables us to obtain more reliable data than assessing objects one by one. But paired comparison principally provides information only about the ranks of the objects. On the other hand, experimental design provides a framework for elucidating causal associations. If we could analyze paired comparison data by the experimental design framework, it would be a very effective method. But experimental design, in its original form, is not readily applicable to paired comparison data. However, if we adopt the perspective of structural equation modeling (SEM), we can deal with paired comparison and experimental design in a unified way, because they are both submodels of SEM. The purpose of this study is to provide a new method to analyze causal connection of paired comparison data by using SEM. Here, two actual numerical examples are shown, one of which is obtained by within-subject design and the other is obtained by between-subject design.
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75 巻 (2004-2005) 1 号 p. 49-58 公開日: 2024/07/02
配偶者の死への適応とサクセスフルエイジング
河合千恵子, 佐々木正宏

The objective of this study was to prove the hypothesis that successful aging was predicted by the recovery processes during the first few years of bereavement. The subjects were 184 elderly persons, whose spouses died three to 14 months prior to the first survey. Interviews were held three times in 16 years. Results showed that the depression level at the first interview was a significant factor to predict the sickness and death at the second interview, but not at the third interview. When the level of loneliness increased by the second interview than at the first, it was revealed that there were risks in sickness and death for the third interview. If the level of loneliness increased or remained high after bereavement, mental health conditions during the third interview tended to be poor. On the other hand, as loneliness decreased, happiness during the third interview increased. We concluded that a change in loneliness after bereavement was the key factor in suggesting the process of successful aging.
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75 巻 (2004-2005) 3 号 p. 191-198 公開日: 2024/07/02
性的マイノリティにおける自尊心維持
石丸径一郎

Self-esteem of sexual orientation minority members is not necessarily low, contrary to what might be theoretically expected. An explanation has been offered that self-protective strategies were in use. Instead, it is argued in this paper that sense of social inclusion plays an important role, and two questionnaire studies examined the possibility. In Study 1, 214 members of sexual orientation minority completed a set of questionnaires. Results showed that sense of acceptance by others had a positive relationship with self-esteem, but use of self-protective strategies did not. In Study 2, 218 who were not minority members completed the same set of questionnaires. It was shown in the comparison that the relationship between self-esteem and sense of social inclusion was stronger for minority members than non-members. Sense of social inclusion thus appeared to help members of sexual orientation minority keep self-esteem high.
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75 巻 (2004-2005) 3 号 p. 238-245 公開日: 2024/07/02
民事紛争における和解成立の要因と効果
今在慶一朗, 今在景子

The purpose of this research was to examine disputant's cognitive processes in a civil suit empirically. We analyzed the data which was gathered by The Judicial Reform Council. We assumed that a disputant who wishes to reduce costs for suit often chooses settlement procedure in the judicial process and who thinks highly of the judge is more likely to accept judge's proposition. Although we could not confirm the effect of cost anxiety, the results suggested that a good impression forward the judge promotes reaching settlement. It was also suggested that corporations are apt to compound more than natural persons. In addition, analysis of effect of settlement indicated that reaching settlement promotes acceptance, agreement and satisfaction about unfavorable outcomes.
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