The relationship between histamine H
1 receptors of human nasal mucosa and nasal hypersensitivity was studied. The subjects were 81 patients who underwent surgery of the nasal and paranasal sinuses at our department between September 1988 and June 1990. Specific binding of 3H-pyrilamine by the nasal mucosa was classified into high and low affinity sections to the concentration of the former, and the concentration of the boundary of two sections was around 2nM. The number of histamine H
1 receptors of the nasal allergy group was significantly higher in comparison with the non-allergy group (p<0.05). A number of the H
1 receptours showed a tendency for a decline during the season of Japanese cedar pollinosis, in comparison with the remainder of the year. There was also a tendency for decrease in the H
1 receptors with aging, with a significant difference (p<0.05) between subjects under 40 years and 41-years-olds and older. No difference was noted between two the sexes. The number of H
1 receptors did not differ at mucosa of the inferior nasal concha, lateral wall of the inferior nasal meatus, and medial nasal meatus (p>0.05). The number of H
1 receptors of the maxillary sinus mucosa was significantly less than that the nasal cavity (p<0.05).
In each of these comparisons, no significant difference was noted (p>0.05) in the dissociation constant (Kd: indicating affinity).
The result of these observation indicated that the number of histamine H
1 receptors is on the decrease with aging and it increase with the development of nasal allergy. The quantity of receptors represents the difference in the threshold for histamine hypersensitivity and constitutes a factor in the development of nasal hypersensitivity.
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