大腿骨頸部骨折患者の訓練単位数と退院時Functional Independence Measure（FIM）との関係を明らかにすることを目的とした．対象は，日本リハビリテーション・データベースに登録された大腿骨頸部骨折患者のうち一定の基準を満たした19 病院の795 例である．他院手術の15 病院（371 例）と自院手術の14 病院（424 例）に分け，病院ダミーと訓練単位数を含む6 項目を説明変数，退院時運動FIMを目的変数とした重回帰分析を行った．他院手術群（訓練単位数は0.8 単位～8.6 単位）の全対象者の解析では，訓練単位数は有意な説明変数ではなかったが，50 例以上の2 病院の患者に限定すると有意（B＝2.187）となった．自院手術群では訓練単位数は有意な正の係数（1.427）であった．大腿骨頸部骨折では，訓練単位数が1 単位増えれば，退院時運動FIMが1.4～2 点程度高くなると考えられた．

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Regenerative medicine, which aims to restore, replace or regenerate cells and tissues using novel approaches such as iPS therapy, is currently a big issue in the field of rehabilitation medicine. Neurological recovery has been proved using marmoset monkeys with spinal cord lesions and Hematoxylin-Eosin and Luxol fast blue staining were adopted to identify the increased number of neurons at the spinal cord level. In regenerative medicine, pathophysiological findings demonstrating the recovery of motor units can provide direct evidence of neuromuscular function. In the field of rehabilitation medicine, the final common pathway, e.g. intramuscular nerve fibers and neuromuscular junctions, will be the target used to identify the recovery of motor function. Present physiatric modalities such as electrical or magnetic stimulations and therapeutic exercises will serve as the strategic applications used in neuromuscular regeneration treatments. The methylene blue vital staining method is a classical technique that when combined with the recently developed functional fluorescent protein staining along with transgenic procedures and confocal endomicroscopy examinations will illuminate our investigations into the degree of regenerative success obtained. These neuromuscular pathologies at the spinal cord level as well as the lower motor neuron level will allow us to more clearly determine the efficacy of various physical modalities used in rehabilitation medicine. The regenerative medicine era will require rehab efforts not only for treating spinal cord lesions but also for treating brain damaged patients in the future.

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