Japanese Journal of Radiological Technology
Online ISSN : 1881-4883
Print ISSN : 0369-4305
ISSN-L : 0369-4305
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Volume 51, Issue 4
Displaying 1-36 of 36 articles from this issue
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages Cover19-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353656
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages Cover20-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353657
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Index
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages Toc13-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353658
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Index
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages Toc14-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353659
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages _i_-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353660
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages _ii_-_iv_
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353661
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages _v_-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353662
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages _vi_-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353663
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages _vii_-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353664
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages _viii_-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353665
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages _viii_-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353666
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  • A BASIC STUDY ON CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW MEASUREMENT WITH THE ^<133>Xe INHALATION METHOD AND A RING-TYPE SPECT CAMERA
    HIROO OHTAKI, EIKICHI NOGUCHI, YOSHIHIRO YAMAZAKI, MASAYOSHI HATANO, H ...
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 417-423
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353667
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    A fundamental study on the regional CBF measurement using the ^<133>Xe inhalation method with a ring-type SPECT camera was carried out. In this study, five normal subjects were used. The data analysis of filtering and the data of the acquisition time were examined. The spatial resolution was improved when the Butterworth filter was set at 8 and the cut off factor was increased. However, the resolution was decreased, when cut off factor was set at 80 and filter order was increased. Regional CBF was increased with an increase in spatial resolution. When the data acquisition time was analyzed at 4, 6, 8, 10 min, respectivery, the highest value for rCBF was obtained at 4 min, and the lowest, at 10 min. We, therefore conclude that rCBF measurements using SPECT should always be performed under the same conditions every day, because the values of rCBF depended on the spatial resolution and data acquisition time.
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  • ANALYSIS OF A DIGITAL IMAGE : C.R.IMAGE AND X-RAY SPECTRUM
    NOBORU YAMAMOTO, HIROYUKI GESHI, KENJI ITOH, YASUHIKO TOHYAMA
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 424-432
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353668
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    Regarding projection digital radiography, we have investigated the calculating method for X-ray energy consisting of a digital image. We were able to recognize the process of input, management, and computer display through digital values that were proportional X-ray energy in CR imaging. Therefore, we could verify the adjustment of the calculating method using the CR system. In this study, absorbed X-ray energy(D)was ealculated for imaging plates based on literature about the photon energy function of the process that the X-ray goes through a polystyene length and is absorbed onto an imaging plate. The system sensitivity(SS)was calculated using masured digital values(s)in CR imaging. Relation between(D)and(SS)is as follows: 1) The relation between the exposured condition and X-ray energy consisting of digital imaging was theoretically calculated. 2) Assumption errors of calculated values are about +13% (n=24), even if the exposured conditions (X-ray tube voltage, exposure time, distance and polystyrene length etc.)are changed. Take account of this factor, it could be theoretically changed.
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  • BASIC STUDY OF TOTAL EVALUATION OF IMAGE QUALTY BY A PARAMETER WITH A POOR CONTACT : SYSTEMS WITH AN AIR SPACE BETWEEN SCREEN AND FILM
    YASUO MOCHIZUKI, SHIN-ICHI OHTANI, HISAHIKO AKAIKE, MASAO HOSHINA
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 433-437
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353669
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    As a parameter for factors of image quality, a poor contacting one was used, and the total evaluation of image qualty of screen and film was examined by physical and visual evaluations. It was verified that accompanying the increase in the poor contact, sharpness worsened and graininess improved, and when the nubmer of noise-equivalent quanta(U)[NEQ(U)] was calculated for the screen and film, in the vicinity of 0.5 cycle/mm, image of twice the size was observed. In addition, in the calculation of signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)using the acrylic beads of a 1.0 mm radius as the object signal, improvement in detectability could be increased by about 1.1 times. In the calculation of the detectability of the area under ROC curves(Az)in the case of the acrylic beads of 1.0 mm diameter, maximum value was obtained with a poor contact of about 30 μm, and thereafter, it decreased, and at 150 μm, it became the same as that of the contact state. Similar to the calculation of SNR by a physical evaluation, it was lowered beyond 150 μm, and it was verified that the slightly poor contact had the function of heightening the detectability.
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  • SPEED CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERN SCREEN-FILM SYSTEMS : THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERVAL MEASUREMENTS OF ABSOLUTE SPEEDS
    NOBORU KATSUDA, YU-ICHI SHIRAKAWA, YOSHIHARU HIGASHIDA, MASAHIRO HATEM ...
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 438-444
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353670
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    We have measured both the absolute and relative speeds of modern blue and green screen-film systems to investigate the interval change in speeds of screen-film system. The absolute speeds of the modern green systems were comparable or slightly lower to those of the older systems. However, the absolute speeds of the blue systems were reduced by about 20-40% over the past ten yers. We have concluded that the absolute speed measurement of screen-film systems is significant for detecting the interval change in system speeds. Generally, the relative speeds and speed indices of screens measured had good correlation.
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  • CONFIDENCE COEFFICIENT OF SUBJECTIVE SCALE VALUE IN METHOD OF PAIRED COMPARISONS(CASE V)
    YOUJI TABATA, YASUFUMI OHGA, MITSUHIRO KAKUTA, MITSUHIRO NAKAMAE, MASA ...
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 445-449
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353671
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    Recently, the method using vision is often employed for to radiographic image evaluation. We often use the Thurstone method for paired comparisons. The scale obtained with this method is the interval scale. The confidence coefficient is not examined using this method. Therefore, the confidence coefficient of this scale value was determined using a statistical procedure. Confidence interval in statistics was used to determine the confidence coefficient. However, the scale value of the method for paired comparisons is the transformation of qualitative data to quantitative data using normal distribution. Therefore, the estimation of the confidence interval was carried out using binomial distribution and normal distribution with qualitative data. Significance tests between each scale value were able to be carried out by the confidence interval.The scale was indicatied with the normalized standard score.
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  • STUDY ON ROTATING RADIOGRAPHY USING A U ARM FOR ENDOSCOPIC VARICEALOGRAPHY DURING INJECTION SCLEROTHERAPY
    HITONORI TOCHIYAMA, SHIGEATSU FUJIKI, SUSUMU KADOTA, MASAHIKO TAKAYA, ...
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 450-456
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353672
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    In this study, the usefulness of rotating arm radiography on endoscopic injection sclerotherapy(EIS)in 16 patients with esophageal varices was evaluated. In this procedure, a short exposure time of less 20 msec was required. Subtraction of an X-ray image was difficult due to the difficulty of long time breath-holding during EIS therapy. Varicearography as digital information was obtained from several points at 1.5 degree intervals. Image halation was dealt with by using various filters. This procedure allowed three-dimensional observations of the esophageal varices which had complex branches at the lower esophagus and cardia of the stomach. In this way, the precise route of the feeding vessels could be evaluated. As a result, overdose-injection of sclerotic agents and serious complication could be prevented. Thus, the rotating radiography is safe and efficient tool for EIS.
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  • COMPLETE EVALUATION OF ANTERO-POSTERIOR AND POSTERO-ANTERIOR PROJECTION VIEW OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT RADIOGRAPHY USING ALTSCHUL UFFENORDE POSITION
    MINORU SHIRAISHI, AKIRA MITARAI, HIROSHI INATSU, HIDEO ARITA, HIROFUMI ...
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 457-461
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353673
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    Altschul Uffenorde position radiography is one of methods of temporomandibular joint radiography for the frontal bones. This study examined the image quality and patient dose of both the antero-posterior projection view in the supine position on the original radiography of Altschul Uffenorde position and postero-anterior projection view in the prone position. It was found that postero-anterior projection view was superior to antero-posterior projection view regarding both sharpness and patient dose. Postero-anterior projection view causes little in convenience to the patients than antero-posterior projection view during routine imaging. However antero-posterior projection view is more superior than Postero-anterior projection view when an ideal frontal view is taken.
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  • DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER CODE FOR CORRECTION OF X-RAY SPECTRA MEASURED WITH HIGH-PURITY GERMANIUM DETECTORS
    HIDEKI KATO, MASATOSHI TSUZAKA, SHUJI KOYAMA, HISASHI MAEKOSHI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 462-468
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353674
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    The X-ray spectrum, measured by a high-purity germanium (HP-Ge) semiconductor detector, is the spectrum of energy absorbed in the germanium crystal. Therefore, to obtain the incident X-ray spectrum to the detector, the output spectral data from the detector must be corrected considering the energy-dependent response of the detector. The response of a HP-Ge detector to incident photon beams depends on the shape and size of the crystal and the geometry of measurement such as the photon incident angle to the detector. Accordingly, if the response data, which were used for the correction of measured spectrum, dose not correspond to the factors of measurement, the incident spectrum can not be obtained correctly. We have developed a computer code, SPECX, for correction of output spectral data measured by a HP-Ge detector. Using this code, the incident X-ray spectrum to the detector can be obtained from the output spectral data measured by any shape and size of the HP-Ge crystal and any geometry of measurement.
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  • INVESTIGATION OF POSITIONING FOR X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY TO CONFIRM POSITION OF A COCHLEAR IMPLANT
    HIROFUMI KAWANO, HIROSHI INATSU
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 469-471
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353675
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    We have investigated a method for positioning during tomography soas to confirm the position of the cochlea and the cochlear implant's electrode. This experment showed that the following position of the body is best during tomography of the cochlear implant's electrode. The patient should be placed in a supine position. Rotate the patient's head 33° away from the side being examined. The infraorbitomeatal line is at a angle of 26°, open cranially, to the vertical. Slice level is 1 mm lower than the auricula base.
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  • IONIZATION CHAMBER FOR RADIOTHERAPY
    HIROSHI OGUCHI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 472-481
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353676
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    The ionization chamber dosimeter is now currently being used to measure absorbed dose during radiotherapy. In particular, the thimble-type ionization chamber is being widely used as a reference dosimeter and a field dosimeter. The new JARP(Japanese Association of Radiological Physicists)protocol gave definition of a JARP-type addressing which specified shape of thimble-type, and adapted a parallel plate-type ionization chamber to measure electron beams less than 10 MeV. Physical data and measurement theory have been replaced with newer ones so as to agree with the various other protocols. The handling of the ionization chamber differs depending on the ionization-type and radiation source to be measured, resulting in a complicated determination of correction factors such as correction is regarding the structure of the ionization chamber(A_c, A_w)correction for peturbation(P_d, P_f), and corrections for ion recombinaion(P_ion). With this trend, reliability regarding the measured value also becomes significantly important. This report deals with issues and data regarding measuring technology concerning the ionization chamber dosimeter to provide a reference for determining the correction factor using JARP protocol and the handling of this unit.
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  • THEORY REGARDING HIGH-ENERGY RADIATION MEASUREMENTS
    TAKASHI IZUMI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 482-488
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353677
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    To ensure accuracy of dose administered to patients in radiation therapy, a much better understanding of the concept of radiation dosimetry, the relationship between exposure Gy and Kerma and the theory of the radiation dosimetry(i.e., Bragg Gray's air cavity theory...etc.)is needed. Also because of the existing small percentage of disagreement between the measurements regarding, the new and old standard, an annual calibration of dose merers, based on the new standard, at secondary standard dosimetry laboratories in reguired to retain proper dose accuracy.
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  • CLINICAL APPLICATION OF RADIATION DOSIMETRY ON X-RAY RADIOTHERAPY
    TAKEO MIZUTANI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 489-498
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353678
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    In the case of radiotherapy, it is important to give proper dose for a tumor, to be treated with the objective of therapy, and to evaluate the dose, considering dose for other organs at risk to a sufficient extent. To provide an exposure dose at the target volume of tunmor parts, it should be required to get a good understanding of the correct dosimetric method and also to apply this to clinical application in practice. All over the country, so as not to produce any difference in the given dose, 'A practical code for the dosimetry of high energy X-rays in radiotherapy' was issued by the Japanese Associations of radiological physicists in 1972. In 1986, it was revised. At about 85% of therapeutic facilities in the country, radiation engineers perform dose measurements and controls. Therefore, I have explained the process of measurement and dose calculation, with the main objective directed at the engineers in charge of the radiotherapy so as to easily radiation dosimetry of X-ray with dosemeters and phantom used at each facility according the 'pracitical code'.
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  • CLINICAL APPLICATION OF DOSIMETRY IN ELECTRON BEAM THERAPY
    TAKAO YOSHIURA
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 499-507
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353679
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    In everyday radiotherapy we must carry out the determination of absorbed dose measurement according to JARP's protocol. We explained an outline of JARP's 1974 and 1986 protocol in electron beam therapy, and mentioned it about the matter that should examined. To use it easily in clinic, a simplified procedure based on precisely to JARP's 1986 protocol is practical, the character of this procedure settles briefly the determination of mean incident energy of electron beams and get ready to table of ionization to absorbed dose conversion factor for various ionization chamber. Also, this procedure almost not influence on the accuracy of determination. We described systematically practical procedure for requisite absorbed dose calculation in a patient in electron beam therapy.
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  • DOSIMETRY PHANTOMS FOR RADIOTHERAPY
    KOZO KUMAGAI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 508-518
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353680
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    When patients are irradiated by ionization radiation knowing about the quality and quality, radiation is scattered and absorbed within the patient's body. As a result, the quality and quality will change. We can not measure directly these alternations in the patient's body. In radiation measurement, we need to use the most suitable equivalent tissue fot this purpose. The phantom is of a tissue substiute which absorbs and scatters radiation the same as the body. Now, it is not in existence the phantom that can substitute about qualities and kinds of radiation. For the phantom is a tissue equivalent, physical quantities of mass attenuation coefficient, mass energy absorption coefficient, electron mass stopping power, electron mass angular scattering power and mass density are of the same as body. Especially, regarding phantom for radiotherapy of photon and electron beams, we studied about specifications of equivalence, modality, composition of human tissue, formulation techniques, basic interaction data, requirement condition and care regarding use.
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  • SUMMARY BY CHAIRMAN
    KOZO KUMAGAI
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 519-523
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353681
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 524-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353682
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 524-529
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353683
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 530-534
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353684
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 535-538
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353685
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 539-547
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353686
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 548-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353687
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 549-551
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353688
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 552-571
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353689
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Appendix
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 572-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353690
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    1995 Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages Cover21-
    Published: April 01, 1995
    Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.KJ00001353691
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